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    Antimicrobial effect of ozonated water, sodium hypochlorite and chlorhexidine gluconate in primary molar root canals
    (Dental Investigations Society, 2014) Goztas Z.; Onat H.; Tosun G.; Sener Y.; Hadimli H.H.
    Objective: The aim was to determine the antimicrobial effect of ozonated water, ozonated water with ultrasonication, sodium hypochloride and chlorhexidine (CHX) in human primary root canals contaminated by Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis). Materials and Methods: Fifty-eight extracted human primary molar teeth were used. Crowns were cut off using a diamond saw under water-cooling. One hundred roots were obtained and mechanically prepared. The roots were then sterilized by autoclaving in water for 15min at 121°C. All samples were contaminated with E. faecalis for 24h and the root canals were randomly divided into five groups (n = 20). Group I: 25mg/L of Ozonated water (O3aq), Group II: 25mg/L of O3aq with ultrasonication, Group III: 2.5% Sodium hypochloride (NaOCl), Group IV: 2% CHX and Group V: Positive control. The canal of each specimen was irrigated for 4min and positive control was untreated. All root canals were agitated with sterile saline solution. The saline solution was collected from canals with sterile paper points. For each specimen, the paper points were transposed to eppendorf vials containing 2 ml of brain heart infusion. According to bacterial proliferation, the mean values of optical density were achieved by ELI?SA (Biotek EL ×800, Absorbance Microplate Reader, ABD) and the data were analyzed. Results: NaOCI, CHX and two types of O3aq were found statistically different than positive control group. NaOCI irrigation was found significantly most effective. Conclusions: NaOCl, CHX and O3aq applications provide antibacterial effect in vitro conditions in primary root canals. © 2014 Dental Investigations Society.
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    The molecular characterization of arcanobacterium pyogenes strains isolated from samples of sheep and cattle
    (Veteriner Fakultesi Dergisi, 2011) Hadimli H.H.; Kav K.
    The purpose of this study was to determine the presence of virulence genes, perform typing for the characterization of Arcanobacterium pyogenes field strains, and investigate the correlation between clonal types, virulence genes and occurence of disease. The isolates (n=51) used in this study were isolated from different sources (liver (n=4) of sheep; liver (n=25), lungs (n=5), broncho-alveolar lavage (BAL) fluid (n=3), milk (n=12) and suppurative tissue (n=1) of dairy cows and synovial fluid (n=1) of a calf). The presence of haemolytic activity in A. pyogenes isolates was determined using rabbit, sheep, cattle, chicken, dog and human erythrocytes. Also, the presence of any cytotoxic effect was investigated by growth in Vero cell cultures. Genomic DNA fingerprinting for clonal analysis was generated by BOX-PCR typing. Conventional PCR was used for the determination of the presence of eight A. pyogenes virulence factor genes, namely, nanH (encoding neuraminidase H), nanP (encoding neuraminidase P), plo (encoding pyolysin-PLO), cbpA (encoding collagen-binding protein A) and fimA, fimC, fimE and fimG (encoding the major fimbrial subunit of four different fimbriae). Furthermore, the correlation between clonal types, virulence factors and the occurence of disease was investigated. The haemolysins of all strains had haemolytic effect on rabbit, sheep, cattle, chicken, dog and human erythrocytes. In addition, all strains were found to be cytotoxic to Vero cells. According to clonal analysis results, the A. pyogenes isolates were determined to belong to 12 different types. While all A. pyogenes strains were positive for the plo gene, the positivity rate was 62% for the nanH gene, 84% for the nanP gene, 58% for the cbp gene, 96% for the fimA gene, 66% for the fimC gene, 42% for the fimE gene and 10% for the fimG gene. It was determined that no correlation existed between the clonal types and virulence factors of A. pyogenes isolates and occurence of disease.