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    Changes in nitric oxide level and superoxide dismutase activity during antimanic treatment
    (PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD, 2007) Gergerlioglu, H. Serdar; Savas, Haluk A.; Bulbul, Feridun; Selek, Salih; Uz, Efkan; Yumru, Mehmet
    Oxidant nitric oxide (NO) and antioxidant superoxide dismutase (SOD) have been implicated to play a role in the pathogenesis of bipolar disorders. This is the first prospective study aimed to evaluate NO levels and SOD activity in bipolar disorder (type I manic episode) (BD-ME). 29 inpatient subjects with BD-ME and 30 healthy controls were included. Serum NO levels and SOD activity have been studied at 1st (NO [1st] and SOD [1st] respectively) and 30th days (NO [30th] and SOD [30th] respectively) after treatment. The clinical outcome was measured by Bech-Rafaelson Mania Scale (BRMS). The mean NO [1st] (p <.001) and NO [30th] levels (p <.00 1) were higher than controls, but SOD [ I st] (p <.001) and SOD [30th] (p <.001) activities in BD-ME were lower than controls. SOD1 activity was higher than SOD [30th] (p <.001), while there was no significance in comparison between NO [1st] and NO [30th] (p <.05). SOD [30th] activity is negatively correlated with the number of previous manic attacks and NO [1st] was negatively correlated with sleep item score of BRMS at first day. Also there was a significant correlation between NO [1st] levels and with the existence of a delusion. NO and SOD appear to play a role in the pathophysiological events occurring in BD, especially in BD-ME. This study for the first time showed the possible role of NO on sleep and the generation of delusions in the pathophysiology of BD. In the light of literature, induced glutamate pathway might be responsible for delusions in BD. The results of this research need further investigation to understand the oxidative vs antioxidative process in BD. (c) 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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    Changes in nitric oxide level and superoxide dismutase activity during antimanic treatment (vol 31, pg 697, 2007)
    (PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD, 2007) Gergerlioglu, H. Serdar; Savas, Haluk A.; Bulbul, Feridun; Selek, Salih; Uz, Efkan; Yumru, Mehmet
    [Abstract not Available]
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    The course of nitric oxide and superoxide dismutase during treatment of bipolar depressive episode
    (ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, 2008) Selek, Salih; Savas, Haluk A.; Gergerlioglu, H. Serdar; Bulbul, Feridun; Uz, Efkan; Yumru, Mehmet
    Background and aims: Studies have already pointed out a possible pathophysiological role of oxidative and antioxidative molecules in bipolar disorder. We aimed to evaluate the activity and levels of antioxidant superoxide dismutase (SOD), and oxidant nitric oxide (NO), in bipolar I depressive episode (BD-DE) patients in a prospective design. Method: 30 BD-DE patients, diagnosed according to DSM IV, and 30 healthy volunteer controls were included. The serum levels of NO and SOD have been studied when admitted to hospital (1st) and on the 30th days. Clinical outcome was measured by Hamilton Depression Scale (HAM-D). The patients were allowed to have their treatments. One patient was dropped out due to insufficient sampling. Results: As in the previous studies, NO 1st day levels were significantly higher in patients and SOD 1st day activity was significantly low (p < 0.0 1). NO levels significantly decreased (p < 0.0 1) and normalized, as SOD activity significantly increased but did not reach to the controls' levels (p < 0.01) on the 30th day. Conclusion: Despite normalized NO levels, persistent low SOD activity might point out an oxidative imbalance in BD-DE. Chronic low SOD activity may be associated with incapacity of coping with oxidative stress. This research connotes the probable oxidative imbalance in BD-DE and discusses that phenomenon within the continuum of the disease state. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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    Malondialdehyde levels in adult attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder
    (CMA-CANADIAN MEDICAL ASSOC, 2007) Bulut, Mahmut; Selek, Salih; Gergerlioglu, H. Serdar; Savas, Haluk A.; Yilmaz, H. Ramazan; Yuce, Murat; Ekici, Giyasettin
    Objective: To evaluate the biochemical basis of adult attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (A-ADHD), we compared lipid peroxidation status in the plasma of A-ADHD patients, and that of control subjects without A-ADHD by quantifying the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), an end product of fatty acid oxidation. We aimed to examine the association between MDA and A-ADHD. Method: The study comprised 20 A-ADHD patients from Gaziantep University Sahinbey Research Hospital Psychiatry Clinic, diagnosed by 2 psychiatrists (H.A.S. and S.S.) according to the Turkish version of the adult ADD/ADHD DSM-IV-Based Diagnostic Screening and Rating Scale, and 21 healthy volunteers. Malondialdehyde levels were measured in plasma samples of both study groups, Results: The mean (standard deviation [SD]) MDA levels in patients (2.44 [0.84] nmol/mL) were significantly higher than those of control subjects (0.36 [0.20] nmol/mL) (t = 11.013, of = 39, p < 0.01). MDA levels were correlated with overall number of criteria met (n = 20, p = 0.01, Ro = 0.56) and total hyperactivity/impulsivity score(n = 20, p = 0.02, Ro = 0.51). Conclusion: The fact that MDA levels were increased in A-ADHD could be an indication of increased oxidative stress in this disease. We suggest that such changes may have a pathological role in A-ADHD. This is the first study evaluating the MDA levels in A-ADHD, and our findings may provide a scientific guide for the further clinical enzymologic and biochemical studies on this disorder.
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    Oxidative imbalance in adult attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder
    (ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, 2008) Selek, Salih; Savas, Haluk A.; Gergerlioglu, H. Serdar; Bulut, Mahmut; Yilmaz, H. Ramazan
    Objective: There are few studies evaluating the biochemical basis of adult attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (A-ADHD). In the present study, we evaluated whether nitric oxide (NO), an oxidant, level and superoxide dismutase (SOD), an antioxidant, activity are associated with A-ADHD or not. Methods: Twenty A-ADHD patients from Gaziantep University Sahinbey Research Hospital, Psychiatry Clinic, diagnosed according to The Turkish version of Adult ADD/ADHD DSM IV-Based Diagnostic Screening and Rating Scale by two psychiatrists (H.A.S. and S.S.), and twenty-one healthy volunteer controls were included. Blood samples were collected; NO levels and SOD activities were measured. Results: The mean NO levels in patients were significantly higher than those of controls and SOD activity of patients was significantly lower than controls. Conclusions: Remarkable high levels of oxidant NO, and low SOD activities suggest an oxidative imbalance in A-ADHD. This is the first study evaluating the oxidative metabolism in A-ADHD. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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    Oxidative Imbalance in Adult Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder -- 2
    (ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC, 2009) Selek, Salih; Savas, Haluk A.; Gergerlioglu, Hasan Serdar; Bulut, Mahmut; Yilmaz, H. Ramazan
    [Abstract not Available]
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    The relationship of metabolic syndrome, serum leptin levels and treatment in bipolar disorder
    (KURE ILETISIM GRUBU A S, 2008) Yumru, Mehmet; Savas, Esen; Gergerlioglu, H. Serdar; Basarali, Kemal; Kalenderoglu, Aysun; Savas, Haluk A.; Bueyuekbas, Sadik
    Objective: In this study we aimed to evaluate the relationship between serum leptin. levels, metabolic syndrome and treatment in bipolar patients. Method: Sixty bipolar I disorder (BD) patients were enrolled; 29 patients were on mood stabilizer (MS) (lithium, valproic acid, carbamazepin, and lamotrigine) treatment, 31 patients were on atypical antipsychotics (AA) (risperidone, quetiapine, and olanzapine) for at least 3 months. Metabolic syndrome (MetS) was evaluated according to NCEP ATP III (Adult Treatment Protocol of the National Cholesterol Education Programme) criteria. Results: 36.7% of the patients were recognized as MetS. The AA subgroup had significantly more MetS than MS. Abdominal obesity was significantly correlated with leptin levels in BD. No significant association was found between MetS and leptin levels in BD. Discussion: AA taking bipolar patients had higher MetS rates. However, there was no significant difference among AAs for inducing MetS. Leptin levels were significantly correlated with abdominal obesity in bipolar patients but seem not to be associated with MetS.