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Öğe Chemical Characterization of Canola and Sunflower Oil Deodorizer Distillates(INST ANIMAL REPRODUCTION & FOOD RESEARCH POLISH ACAD SCIENCES OLSZTYN, 2014) Naz, Saba; Sherazi, Syed Tufail Hussain; Talpur, Farah Naz; Kara, Huseyin; Uddin, Siraj; Khaskheli, Abdul RaufIn the present work deodorizer distillates of canola and sunflower oil were studied for their chemical characterization. Tocopherols, sterols, hydrocarbons and fatty acid composition were determined by Gas chromatography Mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Results indicated that deodorizer distillates of canola oil (DDCLO) studied had higher saponification value in the range of 164.2-175.8 mg/g and all deodorizer distillates of sunflower oil (DDSFO) had high iodine value of 126.2-127.1 g/100 g. Peroxide value and free fatty acids were present in the range between 7.0-8.9 mEq/Kg and 35.7-54.4 g/100 g in DDSFO and DDCLO samples, respectively. Contents of oleic acid (49.3-51.1 g/100 g) and linolenic acid (6.2-7.5 g/100 g) were significantly greater in DDCLO samples. Conversely, DDSFO contained concentrated amount of linoleic acid (52.8-53.3 g/100 g). Tocopherols and hydrocarbons were significantly higher in all DDSFO samples while, sterols were dominant in DDCLO samples. GC MS provided excellent results for simultaneous determination of tocopherols, sterols, hydrocarbons and fatty acid composition of deodorizer distillates of canola and sunflower oil.Öğe A Chemometric Approach to Assess the Frying Stability of Cottonseed Oil Blends During Deep-Frying Process: Fatty Acid Composition and Tocopherol Analyses(TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC, 2015) Arslan, Fatma Nur; Kara, Huseyin; Talpur, M. Younis; Sherazi, Syed Tufail HussainThe aim of the present study was to determine impacts of different additives on fatty acid composition and total tocopherol content of cottonseed oil during deep-frying process using a chemometric approach. A quarter-fractional factorial design with two levels and five factors was used for preparing the frying cottonseed oil blends. In the experimental design, additives were such as ascorbic palmitate, mixed tocopherols, dimethylpolysiloxane, lecithin, and sesame oil were used as factors. The effect of additives on fatty acid composition and tocopherol content were evaluated with normal distribution (ND) graphs during ten hours frying at 170 +/- 5 degrees C. The data were statistically assessed by one-way analysis of variance at a significance level of p < 0.05. The analysis of variance test results were in good agreement with ND graphs and data indicated that the interaction between ascorbic palmitate and dimethylpolysiloxane (A x C factor) showed a significant and protective effect on fatty acids. Meanwhile, the sesame oil (E factor) and A x C factor were showed a significant effect on level of tocopherols. The results of study indicated that present approach could be used to assess and improve the frying stability of any oil with respect to fatty acid composition and tocopherols.Öğe Determination of Ochratoxin A in Poultry Feed by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography with a Monolithic Column(TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC, 2015) Shar, Zahid Hussain; Sumbal, Gul Ameer; Sherazi, Syed Tufail Hussain; Kara, Huseyin; Hussain, Masood; Bhanger, Muhammad IqbalA monolithic column with high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with an ultraviolet detector was investigated for the determination of ochratoxin A in poultry feed. A systematic study was performed using solid phase extraction with a C-18 cartridge for sample pretreatment with three solvent systems. Ethyl acetate:methanol:formic acid (95:5:0.5) was found to be the most suitable. Pretreated samples were injected separately into packed and monolithic columns. The effects of the mobile phases on the chromatographic figures of merits were evaluated. Better peak symmetry, improved separation, and more theoretical plates were observed using an acetonitrile:water:formic acid (99:99:2) mobile phase. The repeatability and accuracy of the method were statistically evaluated and found to be satisfactory with a limit of detection of 40 mu gL(-1). The use of a monolithic column in conjunction with sample pretreatment provided good results for the determination of ochratoxin A in poultry feed.Öğe Evaluation of Aflatoxin B1 Binding Capacity with Mix Toxin Binder using Central Composite Design(Selçuk Üniversitesi, 2024 Nisan) Yalçın, Nihayet Fadime; Cantekin, Cafer; Uğuz, Halis; Alataş, Mustafa Selçuk; Sherazi, Syed Tufail Hussain; Topkafa, MustafaAflatoxin B1 (afl B1) binding capacity of a mixed toxin binder used in poultry nutrition was determined using the central composite design technique. Experimental conditions such as pH, temperature, and incubation time for the determination of the binding capacity of the mixed binder were optimized for Central Composite Design. The impact of these three independent variables on the percentage binding of aflatoxin B1 was evaluated at different five levels (-1.68, -1, 0, 1, 1.68). The optimum experimental conditions were 5.8 pH, 42°C temperature, and 94.11 minutes incubation time, respectively, using a quadratic model and desirability function. A significant effect of each independent variable was observed on the percentage binding efficiency of aflatoxin B1. Under optimum experimental conditions, aflatoxin B1 binding capacity with mix toxin binder was found to be 97%. The results of the present study indicated that the mixed binder is very suitable for binding aflatoxin B1 and the central composite design can be used effectively in determining the optimized parameters for improving toxin binding capacity of aflatoxin B1.Öğe Evaluation of Fatty Acid Composition, Tocols Profile, and Oxidative Stability of Some Fully Refined Edible Oils(TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC, 2015) Ayyildiz, Hamide Filiz; Topkafa, Mustafa; Kara, Huseyin; Sherazi, Syed Tufail HussainPresent study includes evaluation of fatty acid composition, tocols profile, and oxidative stability of some fully refined edible oils. Fully refined sunflower, soybean, corn, hazelnut, peanut, and canola oils were analyzed for fatty acids by capillary gas liquid chromatography, tocols by normal phase-high performance liquid chromatography and oxidative stability by rancimat. Free fatty acid, peroxide value, and iodine value of investigated oils were determined by titrimetric methods. Saturated, mono-, and polyunsaturated fatty acids were found to be in the ranges between 2.03-18.58, 23.39-77.26, and 14.39-58.52%, respectively. Tocols and oxidative stability of the investigated oils were found to be in the ranges between 488.88-913.51 mg kg(-1) and 3.05-4.99 h, respectively.Öğe Evaluation of the Triglyceride Composition of Pomegranate Seed Oil by RP-HPLC Followed by GC-MS(SPRINGER, 2015) Topkafa, Mustafa; Kara, Huseyin; Sherazi, Syed Tufail HussainTriglyceride composition and fatty acid profiles of pomegranate seed oil were evaluated by newly developed methods in reverse-phase-high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) and gas chromatography (GC), respectively. Different compositions of the mobile phase (acetone and acetonitrile) and flow rates for the HPLC system were used to obtain better separation for accurate quantitative analysis. Triglycerides with conjugated fatty acids (CLnAs) were eluted in order of the polarity of their geometrical isomers (c, t, c < t, t, c < t, t, t). The dominant triglyceride was found to be PuPuPu (32.99 %) in pomegranate seed oil, followed by PuPuCa and PuCaCa containing punicic acid and catalpic acid with total triglyceridelevels of 27.72 and 10.11 %, respectively. For fatty acid composition analysis, triglyceride fractions were derivatized into their respective methylesters which were injected into gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) to identify and gas chromatography-flame ionization detector (GC-FID) to quantify the conjugated fatty acids of each fraction of triglycerides. Punicic acid was found to be dominant (76.57 %) followed by catalpic acid (6.47 %) and beta-eleotearic acid (1.45 %). Pomegranate seed contained greater amounts of conjugated linolenic acids. These results showed that the present study provides more information about the composition of the triglyceride and fatty acid profiles of pomegranate seed oil compared to the reported studies. Therefore, the developed methods in this study can be used for the identification of the triglyceride and fatty acid composition for pomegranate seed oils and some such specials edible oils including CLnA isomers.Öğe A green approach for the production of biodiesel from fatty acids of corn deodorizer distillate(ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY, 2014) Naz, Saba; Kara, Huseyin; Sherazi, Syed Tufail Hussain; Aljabour, Abdalaziz; Talpur, Farah NazA novel alginic acid derived tin catalyst, tin alginate (Sn-Alg), was successfully synthesized, characterized and applied for methyl esterification. Initially, the amount of catalyst, methanol to fatty acid ratio and reaction time were optimized using an oleic acid standard for esterification. The optimal reaction conditions were found to be 4% catalyst, 1 : 12 oleic acid to methanol mole ratio and 2 h reaction time with 98.7% fatty acid methyl ester recovery. The capability of Sn-Alg beads to esterify the fatty acids of corn deodorizer distillate was evaluated. High recovery (97.6%) of esters was obtained after 8 cycles using reprocessed catalyst under the optimized parameters. The results of the present study indicated that based on the environmental pollution, reusability, avoiding the use of potassium or sodium hydroxides or sulphuric or phosphoric acids, and ease of catalyst separation, the solid Sn-Alg catalyst has a great potential for biodiesel production from highly free fatty acid deodorizer distillates.Öğe Impact of Frying on Key Fatty Acid Ratios of Canola Oil(Wıley, 2012) Talpur, Muhammad Younis; Sherazi, Syed Tufail Hussain; Mahesar, Sarfaraz Ahmed; Naz, Saba; Kara, HüseyinThe study was carried out to investigate the changes in saturated (SFA), monoene (MUFA), trans (TFA), and polyunsaturated (PUFA) fatty acids and the key fatty acid ratios (SFA/UFA, cis PUFA/SFA, C18:2/C16:0 and C18:3/C16:0) during potato chips frying in canola oil using single bounce attenuated total reflectance FTIR (SB-ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy. The data obtained from GC-FID were used as reference. The calibration of main fat groups and their key fatty acid ratios were developed by partial least square (PLS) regression coefficients using 4000 to 650?cm-1 spectral range. FTIR PLS regression for the predicted SFA, MUFA, TFA, and PUFA were found 0.999, 0.998, 0.998, and 0.999, respectively, whereas for SFA/UFA, cis PUFA/SFA, C18:2/C16:0 and C18:3/C16:0 the regression coefficients were 0.991, 0.997, 0.996, and 0.994, respectively. We conclude that FTIR-PLS could be used for rapid and accurate assessment of changes in the main fat groups and their key fatty acid ratios ratio during the frying process.Öğe Removal of toxic metals from canola oil by newly synthesized calixarene-based resin(SCIENTIFIC TECHNICAL RESEARCH COUNCIL TURKEY-TUBITAK, 2018) Kamboh, Muhammad Afzal; Memon, Shahabuddin; Zardari, Liaquat Ali; Nodeh, Hamid Rashidi; Sherazi, Syed Tufail Hussain; Yılmaz, MustafaThis study describes the synthesis, characterization, and application of a new p- sulfonatocalix[4]arene-based silica resin (calix-resin 5) for the extraction of selected metals, namely Pb, Cd, Co, Ni, Cu and Fe, from canola oil. Synthesis, morphology, purity, and elemental composition of calix-resin 5 were analyzed by FT-IR spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and energy-dispersive spectroscopy. The metal extraction efficiency of calix-resin 5 was evaluated through the batch-wise method with a flame and graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometer following the wet acid digestion procedure. The results obtained showed that the newly fabricated adsorbent material calix-resin 5 is an efficient adsorbent and exhibits great potential as an alternative adsorbent for the extraction of selected Pb, Cd, Co, Ni, Cu, and Fe in canola oil metal extraction as compared to conventional clay or pure silica.
