Konya ve çevresindeki müzelerde bulunan Osmanlı Dönemi tütün kültürüne ait etnografik objeler
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Dosyalar
Tarih
2015-03-17
Yazarlar
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Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Selçuk Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
17. yüzyıl başlarında Avrupalı tâcirler tarafından yurdumuza getirilen tütün, diğer milletlerde olduğu gibi kısa sürede kullanımı hızla yaygınlaşmış ve halkın günlük yaşantısında önemli bir yere sahip olmuştur. İlk başlarda lülelerde kullanım bulan tütünün daha sonraki zamanlarda toplumsal gelişim ve değişime göre yurdumuzda farklı aletlerde içim bulduğu ve muhafaza edildiğini görmekteyiz. Osmanlı Devleti'nin son dönemlerde gerek batılılaşma modasına kapılması gerekse teknolojik ürünlerle baş edilemez bir hal almasıyla birlikte tütünde lüle içiminin yerini, daha pratik ve ucuz olan sigaraya bırakmasına neden olmuştur. Modernleşen hayatın getirmiş olduğu yenilikler sonucunda ise çoğu el sanatlarımızda olduğu gibi tütün kültürüne ait lüle, çubuk, enfiye kutuları, kese gibi bazı eserlerin tarih sayfalarında yer almasına neden olmuştur. Geleneksel el sanatlarımız içerisinde önemli bir yere sahip olan bu eserlerimizden ağızlık, tabaka, nargile gibi bazılarının her ne kadar eski örnekler kadar zengin süslemeli ve kaliteli işçilikte olmasalar bile Eskişehir, Van, Kayseri, Ankara, Mardin, Bursa gibi önemli şehirlerde yapımlarına devam ettiğini görmekteyiz. Osmanlı dönemi tütün kültürüne ait etnografik eserlerin ilk kez bütüncül ve ayrıntılı bir şekilde ele alındığı bu çalışmada, Konya Etnografya Müzesi, Karatay Medresesi Çini Eserler Müzesi ve A.R. İzzet Koyunoğlu Müzesi ile ilçelerdeki Akşehir Nasrettin Hoca ve Etnografya Müzesi ve Ereğli Müzesi'nde yer alan etütlük ve envanterlik durumdaki; lüle, nargile, çubuk, ağızlık, tütün-sigara tabakaları, enfiye kutuları, ateşlik-mangal, tütün-ağızlık keseleri gibi tütün kültürümüze ait etnografik eserler incelenmiştir. Çalışma sınırlarımız dâhilinde incelenen müzelerde toplam 192 adet tütün kültürümüze ait eser tespit edilmiştir. İncelen bu eserlerden sadece tip, malzeme ve süsleme bakımından farklı nitelikler sergileyen 148 adet örneğe katalog bölümünde yer verilerek tasnifi ve ayrıntılı bir şekilde anlatımı yapılmış olup bunların tütün kültürümüzdeki yeri ve önemi belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır.
Brought into our country by the European merchants in the early 17th century, tobacco, as well as in other nations, has become widespread to be used after a short while and gained a significant place in daily life of the masses. We observe that tobacco, which was initially used in pipes, has been smoked and preserved in various instruments in our country in later years based on the social development and alterations. In the latest periods of the Ottoman Empire, as the country was carried away by the fashion of westernization and the technological products had come to a state that could not be coped with, smoking pipe with tobacco gave way to cigarette which is more practical and cheaper. As a result of the innovations produced by the modernized life, some artifacts such as pipe, rod, snuffboxes, and pouches regarding the tobacco culture as well as our other handicrafts had to find their places in the pages of history. Among these artifacts which have a significant place in our traditional handicrafts, we see that some of them such as mouthpiece, tobacco case, waterpipe still continue to be produced in important cities such as Eskişehir, Van, Kayseri, Ankara, Mardin, Bursa though they are not as rich, ornamental and of good quality in craftsmanship as the old samples. In this paper in which the ethnographic artifacts belonging to the Ottoman-period tobacco culture are discussed for the first time collectively and thoroughly, the ethnographic artifacts regarding the tobacco culture such as pipes, waterpipes, rods, mouthpieces, tobacco-cigarette cases, snuffboxes, firepan-barbecue, tobacco-mouthpiece pouches in the situation of study and inventory in Konya Ethnography Museum, Karatay Madrasa Tile Works Museum and A.R. İzzet Koyunoğlu Museum, and Akşehir Nasrettin Hoca and Ethnography Museum and Ereğli Museum in the districts were examined. In the museums examined within the limits of our study, 192 artifacts regarding our tobacco cultures have been detected in total. Out of the analyzed works, 148 samples displaying different qualifications in terms of type, material and ornaments have been given place in the catalogue chapter their classification and details have been specified, and their place and significance among our tobacco culture has been attempted to be determined.
Brought into our country by the European merchants in the early 17th century, tobacco, as well as in other nations, has become widespread to be used after a short while and gained a significant place in daily life of the masses. We observe that tobacco, which was initially used in pipes, has been smoked and preserved in various instruments in our country in later years based on the social development and alterations. In the latest periods of the Ottoman Empire, as the country was carried away by the fashion of westernization and the technological products had come to a state that could not be coped with, smoking pipe with tobacco gave way to cigarette which is more practical and cheaper. As a result of the innovations produced by the modernized life, some artifacts such as pipe, rod, snuffboxes, and pouches regarding the tobacco culture as well as our other handicrafts had to find their places in the pages of history. Among these artifacts which have a significant place in our traditional handicrafts, we see that some of them such as mouthpiece, tobacco case, waterpipe still continue to be produced in important cities such as Eskişehir, Van, Kayseri, Ankara, Mardin, Bursa though they are not as rich, ornamental and of good quality in craftsmanship as the old samples. In this paper in which the ethnographic artifacts belonging to the Ottoman-period tobacco culture are discussed for the first time collectively and thoroughly, the ethnographic artifacts regarding the tobacco culture such as pipes, waterpipes, rods, mouthpieces, tobacco-cigarette cases, snuffboxes, firepan-barbecue, tobacco-mouthpiece pouches in the situation of study and inventory in Konya Ethnography Museum, Karatay Madrasa Tile Works Museum and A.R. İzzet Koyunoğlu Museum, and Akşehir Nasrettin Hoca and Ethnography Museum and Ereğli Museum in the districts were examined. In the museums examined within the limits of our study, 192 artifacts regarding our tobacco cultures have been detected in total. Out of the analyzed works, 148 samples displaying different qualifications in terms of type, material and ornaments have been given place in the catalogue chapter their classification and details have been specified, and their place and significance among our tobacco culture has been attempted to be determined.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Tütün kültürü, Tobacco culture, Lüle, Pipe, Nargile, Waterpipe, Ağızlık, Mouthpiece
Kaynak
WoS Q Değeri
Scopus Q Değeri
Cilt
Sayı
Künye
Tanrıveren, F. M. (2015). Konya ve çevresindeki müzelerde bulunan Osmanlı Dönemi tütün kültürüne ait etnografik objeler. Selçuk Üniversitesi, Yayımlanmış yüksek lisans tezi, Konya.
