İstanbul'da Ermeni cemaatleri arasındaki dini ve idari ihtilaflar ve tartışmalar
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Dosyalar
Tarih
2011-04-29
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Selçuk Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
İstanbul'daki Ermeniler arasında meydana gelen dini ve idari ihtilafların başlangıcı Katolik misyonerlerin çalışmalarıyla gerçekleşmiştir. Katolikleşen Ermeniler, Ermeni Patrikhanesi ile aynı çatı altında yaşamak istememişler ve bunun sonucunda birçok tartışmalar meydana gelmiştir. Ermeni Patrikhanesi ile problem yaşayan Katolik Ermenilerin kendi aralarında da birçok ihtilafları olmuştur. Katolik Ermenilerden bir grup kadim adetlerini sürdürmek isteyerek patrik ve piskoposlarını kendi cemaat meclislerinde seçmek istemişlerdir. Diğer Katolik Ermeni grup ise bu seçim hakkını papalığın himayesine vermek istemiştir. Hatta kilise, hastane, mektep gibi cemaate ait olan malların papalığın otoritesi altına almaya çalışmışlardır. Bu noktada Osmanlı hükümeti birinci grubu desteklemiştir. Çünkü Osmanlı hükümetine göre Katolik Ermeniler üzerinde papanın ruhani bir gücü olmasına karşın sivil bir yetkisi yoktu. Patrik ve piskoposların atanması gibi idari işler Osmanlı Devleti'nin elinde olan yetkilerdendi. Hastane, mektep ve kilise gibi cemaate ait olan mallar üzerinde papalığın hiçbir tasarruf hakkı bulunmamaktaydı. Papalık makamı ise Osmanlı Devleti'nin elinde bulunan bu yetkiyi görmezden gelerek doğudaki Katolikler üzerindeki hâkimiyetini genişleterek merkezi gücünü kuvvetlendirmek istemiştir. İşte Papanın doğudaki Katolik kiliselerini kendi çatısı altında toplama siyaseti ve bunu en başta Katolik Ermeniler içerisinde uygulamaya çalışması İstanbul'daki Katolik Ermeniler içerisinde büyük tartışmaların yaşanmasına neden olmuştur. Ermeni Patrikhanesi ile tartışmalar yaşayan diğer bir grup ise Protestan Ermenilerdir. Yabancı devletlerin öncülüğünde İstanbul'daki Ermeniler arasında Protestanlığın yayılmaya başlaması patrikhaneyi endişelendirmiştir. Bunun için patrikhane kimi zaman Osmanlı hükümetinin de desteğini alarak Protestanlığın yayılmasını engellemek için bir takım tedbirler almıştır. Ancak bu tedbirler Protestan Ermenilerin ayrı bir millet haline gelmesini engelleyememiştir.
The beginning of religious and administrative conflicts and debates among Armenians who live in Istanbul relies on the efforts of Catholic missioners. Armenians who became Catholic did not accept the sovereignty of Armenian Patriarch and this fact gave rise to lots of debates. These debates had gone on intensively until the first decades of the XIX. 19th century. Having problems with Armenian Patriarch, Catholic Armenians also had some conflicts in themselves. Although being Catholic a group of Armenians wanted to carry on their ancient tradition by trying to choose their own patriarch and bishops at their councils whereas another Catholic Armenian group wanted to give this right to Papacy. This letter even tried to give the possession of goods of community such as churches, hospitals and schools to Papacy. In that respect, the Ottoman administration supported the former since according to the Ottoman administration Papa had clerical authority over Catholic Armenians not civil one. The right to conduct administrative issues such as appointing the patriarch and bishops belonged to the Ottomans. Papacy had no right of possession on goods such as hospital, school and church which belong to the community. However, Papacy tried to widen its authority on eastern Catholics. For Ottomans this clearly meant a challenge against its authority. This fact, that is, Papa's policy to gather all the Catholic churches in his hand (and one of this churches was the Catholic Armenian one) resulted in great debates among Armenians in Istanbul. Another group which had problems with Armenian Patriarch were Protestant Armenians. Patriarch was annoyed by the fact that among the Armenians living in Istanbul Protestantism began to widen under the leadership of foreign states. Therefore, with the support of Ottoman administration Patriarch took some measures in order to stop this threat. However these measures could not impede Protestant Armenians becoming a separate nation as Catholic Armenians did.
The beginning of religious and administrative conflicts and debates among Armenians who live in Istanbul relies on the efforts of Catholic missioners. Armenians who became Catholic did not accept the sovereignty of Armenian Patriarch and this fact gave rise to lots of debates. These debates had gone on intensively until the first decades of the XIX. 19th century. Having problems with Armenian Patriarch, Catholic Armenians also had some conflicts in themselves. Although being Catholic a group of Armenians wanted to carry on their ancient tradition by trying to choose their own patriarch and bishops at their councils whereas another Catholic Armenian group wanted to give this right to Papacy. This letter even tried to give the possession of goods of community such as churches, hospitals and schools to Papacy. In that respect, the Ottoman administration supported the former since according to the Ottoman administration Papa had clerical authority over Catholic Armenians not civil one. The right to conduct administrative issues such as appointing the patriarch and bishops belonged to the Ottomans. Papacy had no right of possession on goods such as hospital, school and church which belong to the community. However, Papacy tried to widen its authority on eastern Catholics. For Ottomans this clearly meant a challenge against its authority. This fact, that is, Papa's policy to gather all the Catholic churches in his hand (and one of this churches was the Catholic Armenian one) resulted in great debates among Armenians in Istanbul. Another group which had problems with Armenian Patriarch were Protestant Armenians. Patriarch was annoyed by the fact that among the Armenians living in Istanbul Protestantism began to widen under the leadership of foreign states. Therefore, with the support of Ottoman administration Patriarch took some measures in order to stop this threat. However these measures could not impede Protestant Armenians becoming a separate nation as Catholic Armenians did.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
İstanbul, Ermeniler, Katolik, Protestan, Papa, Mihitarist, Propaganda, Armenians, Catholic, Protestant, Pope, Mechitarist
Kaynak
WoS Q Değeri
Scopus Q Değeri
Cilt
Sayı
Künye
Türkan, A. (2011). İstanbul'da Ermeni cemaatleri arasındaki dini ve idari ihtilaflar ve tartışmalar. Selçuk Üniversitesi, Yayımlanmış doktora tezi, Konya.
