Ozcan, Koray2020-03-262020-03-2620081300-3984https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12395/22746The aim of this paper is to determine the settlement typologies organization and estimate on the demographical-economical size of Black-castles which were organized as the spatial element of the Seljuk defensive system based on the balance of the military and political between Byzantine and Seljuk in Anatolia and also, Seljuk defensive system were organized on the inheritance of the defensive system in Roman and Byzantine period. In this paper, it is considered that Black-castles in Anatolia during Seljuk period were organized as the synthesis of the Turkish-Islamic States traditions which were transferred from Central Asia and Iran to Anatolia on Byzantine defensive system. The methodology of this paper is based on examination of historical sources such as waqfiyyes or chronicles with archaeological-architectural findings and also getting data transferred on to the plans and maps.trinfo:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccessanatoliaSeljuk perioddefensive systemsettlement typologiesBlack-castlesArticle7789101WOS:000255860900011N/A