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    Comparison of local and systemic alendronate on distraction osteogenesis
    (CHURCHILL LIVINGSTONE, 2011) Kucuk, Dervishan; Ay, Sinan; Kara, M. Isa; Avunduk, M. Cihat; Gumus, Cesur
    This study compared the effect of systemic and local administration of alendronate on distraction osteogenesis in rabbit mandibles. Thirty New Zealand white rabbits were allocated to 3 groups: 10 rabbits for systemic alendronate; 9 for local alendronate; and 11 as controls. After a 5 day latency period, distraction was performed at a rate of 0.8 mm/day for 9 days via a custom-made distractor. Animals were killed at the end of the consolidation period of 28 days. The distracted mandibles were harvested and evaluated by plain radiography, computed tomography (CT), dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA), and histomorphometry. Histologically, comparing the systemic and local alendronate groups, there were no statistically significant differences in the bone healing parameters, but each group showed a statistically superior effect over the control group (p < 0.05). Quantitative CT evaluation showed a significant difference mean in the density of the regeneration between experimental and control groups. There was a significant increase in mean bone mineral density in the experimental groups compared with the control group. Histologic, CT, and DEXA analysis demonstrated that using systemic and local alendronate may be effective in accelerating new bone formation in the distraction gap in rabbit mandibles.
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    Effect of Erythropoietin on Microvascular Anastomosis in Rat
    (PHARMACOTHERAPY GROUP, 2015) Senturk, Sadik; Karacor, Zeynep; Tosun, Zekeriya; Ozkan, Adem; Avunduk, M. Cihat; Zumrut, Murat
    Purpose: To investigate the re-endothelialization potential of erythropoietin (EPO) following microvascular anastomosis in rat femoral artery. Methods: Ninety-six male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing between 300 g and 320 g were allocated randomly into two groups (control and EPO, n = 48). Left femoral artery microvascular anastomosis was performed in the rats. The control group was given 0.5 mL of 0.09 % NaCl subcutaneously 48 h post-operatively while the EPO group was given 150 U/kg recombinant human erythropoietin subcutaneously 48 h post-operatively. Tissue was harvested from each group after 1, 3, 5, and 7 days. All of the rats were sacrificed for morphometric analysis. Each arterial segment was analyzed morphometrically using Clemex Image Analysis software by a single examiner. The cross-sectional area of the media and neointima was measured and the intima/media ratio was calculated. Hematocrit measurement was carried out for all the rats. Results: The I/M ratio differed significantly (p < 0.05) between the control and erythropoietin groups, at all time-points. The hematocrit was significantly (p < 0.05) lower in the control group than in the erythropoietin groups on day 7, but not on the other days. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that erythropoietin markedly inhibits neointima formation with accelerated re-endothelialization in rat femoral arteries following microvascular anastomosis.
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    Evaluation of the Effects of Different Surface Configurations on Stability of Miniscrews
    (HINDAWI PUBLISHING CORPORATION, 2013) Topcuoglu, Tolga; Bicakci, A. Altug; Avunduk, M. Cihat; Inan, Z. Deniz Sahin
    Introduction. The aim of this study was to analyze the effects of screw design and force application on the stability of miniscrews, using RTT, SEM, and histomorphometric analyses. Materials and Methods. Eighty cylindrical, self-drilling, and Ti6Al4V alloy miniscrews (1,6 x 6 mm) were used. Four mini-screws were inserted in fibulas of each rabbit, and 115G of force was immediately applied. Four miniscrews were inserted in the other fibula, on which no force was applied. Eight weeks after insertion, osseointegration between miniscrew and the surrounding bone was evaluated by the histomorphometric analyses, SEM, and RTT. Kruskal-Wallis and the paired t-tests were used for statistical analysis. Results. Values obtained from Group I were significantly higher than those of the other loaded groups (P < .05). There were no differences in RTT scores among Groups II, III, and IV. Similar findings were also observed for unloaded mini-screws. There was no significant difference between Groups I and I-C, while the differences between loaded and unloaded controls for each miniscrew were statistically significant. Conclusions. Immediate loading of miniscrews does not impair screw stability. Also, the diameter of miniscrew and more frequent thread pitches have a positive effect on stability; however, length of miniscrews does not have a significant effect on the stability.
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    Histomorphometric evaluation of the effects of zoledronic acid on mandibular distraction osteogenesis in rabbits
    (W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC, 2008) Pampu, A. Alper; Dolanmaz, Dogan; Tuez, Hakan H.; Avunduk, M. Cihat; Kisnisci, Reha S.
    Purpose: To assess the effect of systemic administration of zoledronic acid (ZA) on mineralization of newly formed bone and to determine strain-related osteoporosis on surrounding bone during lengthening of immature rabbit mandible. Materials and Methods: Eighteen New Zealand white rabbits were divided randomly into 2 groups, and bone lengthening was carried out in the left portion of the mandible through distraction osteogenesis with a rate of 0.5 mm every 12 hours for 5 days. The experimental group was administered 0.1 mg/kg ZA intravenously. The control group was given saline infusion only during operation. All animals were sacrificed at the end of the 28-day consolidation period. The mandibles of all animals were removed and regenerate was evaluated. Osteoblasts, osteoclasts, collagen fibers, and fibroblasts were marked within 0.1-mm(2) area and newly formed bone area was measured within 0.5-mm(2) area. All data were analyzed using Mann-VAiitney U test. Results: Although irregular bone destruction spots were seen in the control group, the experimental group showed regular ossification areas and significant difference between osteoblast and osteoclast numbers (P < .05). In the regenerate zone, there was considerable difference between the 2 groups in terms of osteoblast, osteoclast, and collagen amounts (P < .05). Additionally, newly formed bone areas and fibroblast count were higher in experimental group. Conclusions: The results of this study showed that ZA had positive effects on the new bone formation, which may potentially shorten the consolidation period. (c) 2008 American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons.