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Öğe Detennination of the stages of the sexual cycle of the bitch by direct examination(2011) Aydin I.; Sur E.; Ozaydin T.; Dine D.A.The aim of this study was to determine the stages of the sexual cycle of the bitch by direct examination and also to assess the reliability of this new technique by comparing it with the classical staining techniques used in bitches. Forty mixed-breed bitches, of different ages and sexually mature were used in this study. A total of 120 vaginal smear samples were collected using a cotton swab, three from each bitch. The collected samples were air dried and coded. One of the prepared samples from each bitch was stained with May-Gnmwald Giemsa and the second sample was stained with Papanicolaou. The third sample was left unstained for direct examination. The stages of the sexual cycle were determined using all of the samples. The researcher who evaluated the samples did not have information about the coding system. The evaluation was made blindly and the results were compared after determination of the stages of the sexual cycle from all of the samples. The sexual cycle stages determined with the May-Gnmwald Giemsa and Papanicolaou techniques were completely consistent with each other. However, when the direct examination technique was compared with the classical staining techniques, there was a significant difference in the proestrus, diestrus and anestrus stages of the cycle (p<0.05) while there was no significant difference (p>0.05) in the estrus stage of the cycle. In conclusion, it was found that when determining the stages of the sexual cycle of the bitch by vaginal cytology, the direct examination technique was reliable only in detecting the estrus stage of the cycle. © Medwell Journals, 2011.Öğe Effect of ?-carotene on ovarium functions and ovsynch success in repeat breeder cows(KAFKAS UNIVERSITY, 2009) Çelik H.A.; Avci G.; Aydin I.; Bülbül A.; Bülbül T.This study was carried out to determine the effect of ?-carotene on ovarian function and pregnancy rates in repeat breeder cows. Twenty-six repeat breeder Holstein cows were randomly assigned into control (n=11) and carotene (n=15) groups. Cows were fed with diet in the form of total mixed ration (39.80% neutral detergent fiber and 16.20% crude protein of dry matter). Treatment cows received an intramuscular injection of ?-carotene (1 mg/kg) simultaneously with the first GnRH injection. Largest follicle (P<0.05) and corpus luteum diameters (P<0.01) together with serum progesterone (P<0.01), ?-carotene (P<0.05) and vitamin A (P<0.01) levels were all significantly higher in the carotene group on the day of PGF2? injection. At the second GnRH injection, largest follicle diameter (P<0.01), serum estradiol (P<0.01), ?-carotene (P<0.01), and vitamin A (P<0.01) levels were again higher in the carotene group. Serum estradiol (P<0.01) and ?-carotene (P<0.05) levels were still significantly higher in the carotene group at the time of AI. Ovulation response did not differ between groups after both first and second GnRH injection. The pregnancy rate was 27.2% in the control group, and 33.3% in the carotene group but this difference was not statistically significant. In conclusion, it was suggested that ?-carotene did not have any significant effects on ovulation or pregnancy rates in ovsynch-treated repeat breeder cows; however it increased serum estradiol and progesterone levels due to increased follicle size and corpus luteum functionality, respectively.Öğe Treatment and prognosis of mammary tumors in bitches(Mehria Publishers, 2017) Kivrak M.B.; Aydin I.A life-threatening disorder of bitches' mammary tumor is developed in half of the bitches that are over 8 years old and 50% of these are malign. Therefore, mammary tumors dramatically reduce survival and quality of life. Mammary tumors are usually realized by animal owner or diagnosed incidentally in animals that are brought to the clinic for a different purpose. After the tumors diagnosed are examined both clinically and histopathologically, the best treatment choice must be made by evaluating the examination results. In the treatment of mammary tumors, surgery has been frequently benefited and surgical intervention still remains as the best treatment option when the treatment options are evaluated comparatively. Apart from surgery chemotherapeutics, hormones and NSAIDs participate in treatment protocols. Despite the reduced incidence of mammary tumors due to/owing to widespread sterilization of pet animals in some countries, pet owners in many countries are not lean-to ovariohysterectomy for various reasons. In relation to this case incidence of mammary tumors is on the rise in bitches. In addition, mammary tumors in dogs are used as a model for human breast cancer. With these properties, mammary tumors in the dogs are still drawing attention and they are still subject to new treatment studies. For this reason, mammary tumor in bitches and especially treatment options are discussed in the present review. © 2017 IJVS.
