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Öğe Acute phase proteins, clinical, hematological and biochemical parameters in dairy cows naturally infected with anaplasma marginale(KAFKAS UNIV, VETERINER FAKULTESI DERGISI, 2012) Coskun, Alparslan; Ekici, Ozlem Derinbay; Guzelbektes, Hasan; Aydogdu, Ugur; Sen, IsmailThe aim of the study was to evaluate acute phase response via Haptoglobin and serum amyloid-A concentrations in dairy cows naturally infected with Anaplasma marginale. The second aim of the study was to determine the changes in clinical, hematological and biochemical parameters in dairy cows naturally infected Anaplasma marginale. A total of 40 dairy cattle suffering from bovine anaplasmosis were included to the study from a dairy cattle herd. A total of 10 healthy dairy cattle were selected for control group. Analysis of acute phase proteins, hematologic analysis and biochemical analysis was performed in this study. Serum haptoglobin and serum amyloid-A concentrations significantly increased in cattle infected with Anaplasma marginale compared to healthy cattle. All cattle in infected group demonstrated clinical signs of anaplasmosis. Significantly decreased red blood cell count, packed cell volume, and hemoglobin concentration were observed in infected cattle compared to the control group. Serum aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, creatinine and bilirubin concentrations were significantly increased in infected cattle compared with the control group. In conclusion, the changes of biochemical and hematological parameters may be indicate of anemia and tissue damage in cattle with anaplasmosis. Serum haptoglobin and serum amyloid-A concentrations could be usefull in evaluate of acute phase response in cattle infected with Anaplasma marginale.Öğe Babesia ovis infections: Detailed clinical and laboratory observations in the pre- and post-treatment periods of 97 field cases(ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, 2013) Sevinc, Ferda; Sevinc, Mutlu; Ekici, Ozlem Derinbay; Yildiz, Ramazan; Isik, Nermin; Aydogdu, UgurOvine babesiosis, caused by Babesia ovis, is of major economic importance in Turkey. The changes in the blood profile of infected animals are informative about the course of infection. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the hematological and biochemical changes in the pre- and post-treatment periods of the natural B. ovis infections. The presence of the parasites was confirmed by microscopy and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis. On the basis of the clinical and laboratory findings, the infections were categorized into different groups according to the degree of anemia and the level of parasitemia. All infected sheep were treated with imidocarb dipropionate (IMDP). The blood pictures in the pre- and post-treatment periods were compared. Pancytopenia occurred in animals with severe anemia and very high parasitemia, and bicytopenia in the other groups. The platelet count (PLT), plateletcrit (PCT) and mean platelet volume (MPV) returned to the normal ranges after treatment, except those in the group with severe anemia. In the biochemical profile, B. ovis infection caused an increase in blood urea nitrogen and total bilirubin, and these parameters returned to normal levels after treatment. The indirect fluorescein antibody test (IFAT) results showed that 38.1% of the cases raised specific antibodies during the period of infection, with titers ranging from 1/160 to 1/640. All of 45 animals re-examined after treatment were seropositive, with high titers that rose up to 1/5120. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Öğe CARDIAC BIOMARKERS IN PREMATURE CALVES WITH RESPIRATORY DISTRESS SYNDROME(AKADEMIAI KIADO RT, 2016) Aydogdu, Ugur; Yildiz, Ramazan; Guzelbektes, Hasan; Coskun, Alparslan; Sen, IsmailThe aim of this study was to determine the clinical relevance of cardiac biomarkers [troponin I and T, creatine kinase-MB fraction (CK-MB) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)] in premature calves with respiratory distress syndrome. Seventy premature calves were admitted to the clinic within 24 h after birth. Respiratory distress syndrome was diagnosed in premature calves by clinical examination and venous blood gas analysis. Ten healthy calves, aged 5 days, were used as control. Cardiac troponin I and T were analysed using ELISA and ELFA, respectively. Serum CK-MB and LDH were also analysed in an automatic analyser. The calves had low venous pH, pO(2), O-2 saturation and high pCO(2) values consistent with dyspnoea, hypoxaemia, and inadequate oxygen delivery. Mean serum troponin I, troponin T, CK-MB and LDH levels were increased in the premature calves compared to the control group. In conclusion, the results in this study demonstrated that serum CK-MB, troponin I and troponin T concentrations could be used for evaluating myocardial injury in premature calves with respiratory distress syndrome.Öğe Comparison of the Effectiveness of Halofuginone Lactate and Paromomycin in the Treatment of Calves Naturally Infected with Cryptosporidium parvum(UNIV FED RIO GRANDE DO SUL, 2018) Aydogdu, Ugur; Isik, Nermin; Ekici, Ozlem Derinbay; Yildiz, Ramazan; Sen, Ismail; Coskun, AlparslanBackground: Cryptosporidiosis is one of the most important problems among neonatal ruminants. Cryptosporidium parvum is the agent causing the disease. Cryptosporidium infection, responsible for diarrhea, dehydration, weight loss and death in neonatal ruminants, leads to significant economic losses for producers. In calves naturally or experimentally infected with cryptosporidiosis, many agents have been reported to have therapeutic and protective effects. The objective of this study was to compare the effectiveness of halofuginone lactate and paromomycin in the treatment of calves naturally infected with Cryptosporidium parvum. Materials, Methods & Results: Twenty calves between 7 and 20 days of age and naturally infected were included in the study. There were two different treatment groups in the study. The first group of calves were administered 100 mu g/kg/day halofuginone lactate for 7 days and the second group of calves were administered 100 mg/kg/day paromomycin for 7 days. In addition, antibiotic and vitamin C were applied to all calves. Jugular venous blood samples were obtained pre-treatment and on the 7th day after the treatment. Routine clinical examinations of the calves were performed on days 0, 1, 3, 5 and 7 and rectal stool samples were collected for the detection of Cryptosporidium oocysts. Severe diarrhea, dehydration, depression and weight loss were observed in calves in both treatment groups. A significant decrease (P < 0.05) was observed for both groups in oocyst count on days 3, 5 and 7 compared to days 0 and 1. Improvements in blood parameters, stool characters and clinical scoring of both groups were observed in post-treatment. Discussion: Many pharmaceuticals or compounds have been tested for animal with cryptosporidiosis and only very few of them have shown a partial protective activity in ruminants when used prophylactically. Halofuginone lactate and paromomycin are commonly recommended as both therapeutic and protective agents. However, the effectiveness of the two therapeutic agents in natural infections has not been compared and, in the meantime, recommendations for a rational use are also not sufficiently documented in calves with cryptosporidiosis. Paromomycin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic used to control C. parvum infection in animals. Paromomycin reduces oocyst shedding and the number of days with diarrhea in experimentally infected calves when used prophylactically. Halofuginone lactate is a synthetic quinazolinone with cryptosporidial activity in the merozoite and sporozoite stages of C. parvum. It is recommended for both therapeutic and prophylactic use in cryptosporidiosis. In this study, although paromomycin (100 mg/kg/day for 7 days) and halofuginone lactate (100 mu g/kg/day for 7 days) led to a decrease in oocyst shedding from day 1, a statistically significant decrease (P < 0.05) was observed from day 3. The results of this study show that the decrease in oocyst shedding in both treatment groups, improvements in clinical findings and recoveries in hematologic, blood gas and serum biochemistry values are similar. Even though these drugs do not eliminate the infection, they decrease both the severity of diarrhea and contribute to recovery. In conclusion, the results of this study indicated that halofuginone lactate and paromomycin were effective in the treatment of calves naturally infected with cryptosporidiosis. Therefore, we recommend that both drugs should be used in the treatment of calves naturally infected with Cryptosporidium parvum.Öğe Evaluation of acute phase proteins, some cytokines and hemostatic parameters in dogs with sepsis(KAFKAS UNIV, VETERINER FAKULTESI DERGISI, 2015) Ok, Mahmut; Er, Cenk; Yildiz, Ramazan; Col, Ramazan; Aydogdu, Ugur; Sen, Ismail; Guzelbektes, HasanThe aim of this study was to evaluate the alterations in acute phase proteins, cytokines and hemostatic parameters in dogs with sepsis and to determine the importance of these parameters in diagnosis of the sepsis. Thirty dogs with sepsis and 9 healthy dogs were used in this study. Anorexia, depression, lethargy, hyperthermia, tachycardia, tachypnea, congestion in the mucosal membranes, prolonged capillary refill time, and leukocytosis or leucopenia were identified in the dogs with sepsis. The serum interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), interferon gamma (INF-gamma), C-reactive protein (CRP), serum amyloid A (SAA), prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), antithrombin III (AT III), fibrinogen, protein C (PC), and D-dimer levels were measured in all dogs. We found that the serum IL-1 beta, TNF-alpha, INF-gamma, CRP and SAA concentrations were significantly elevated in dogs with sepsis as compared with healthy controls. In addition, the plasma PT and APTT levels were notably prolonged, the plasma fibrinogen, D-dimers and protein C concentrations were significantly increased. However, the antithrombin III activity was significantly decreased in the dogs with sepsis. In conclusion, the results of this study indicate that the SAA, IL-1 beta and TNF-alpha parameters play important roles in the inflammatory process in dogs with sepsis. The hemostatic abnormalities observed in dogs with sepsis may be due to the development of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC).Öğe Hematologic, Blood Gas, Cardiac Biomarkers and Serum Biochemical Parameters in Calves with Atresia Coli and Theirs Relationship with Prognosis(UNIV FED RIO GRANDE DO SUL, 2017) Coskun, Alparslan; Aydogdu, Ugur; Altan, Semih; Erol, Muharrem; Erol, Hanifi; Guzelbektes, Hasan; Sen, IsmailBackground: Atresia coli is an intestinal anomaly. Generally, absence of defecation in calves less than 10 days old, diminishing appetite, progressing abdominal distention and time-developing depression are reported in atresia coli. Although a calf consumes its milk normally in first days, loss of appetite develops over time. Occasional minor pain indications are observed. The objective of this study was to evaluate of hematologic, blood gases, cardiac biomarkers and serum biochemical parameters before operation in calves with atresia coli, and to investigate relationship with prognosis of these parameters. Materials, Methods & Results: Thirty calves with atresia coli and 6 healthy calves for control were used as material. Poor suction reflex, anorexia, dehydration, abdomen-kicking, frequent leg movement, abdominal distension and depression were observed in calves brought to the clinic. Some calves presented swashing sound depending on content of intestines when abdomen was shaken. Intestine atresia was diagnosed by history and clinical examination. After clinical examination, operation was performed. All calves were observed during 10 days after operation. Fifteen of 30 calves died during 10 days after operation. The blood lactate, WBC, LDH and CK-MB levels in non-surviving calves with atresia coli were significantly higher compared to control calves. The venous blood pH level was significantly lower in non-surviving calves compared to surviving calves. In addition, when compared to the control group, the blood pCO(2) level was significantly higher in non-surviving and surviving calves with atresia coli while the pO(2) and O-2 saturation levels were significantly lower. Discussion: In calves with intestinal atresia, hematologic parameters are normal in first 48 h of disease. However, leukocytosis and shift to the left have been reported over time. However, leukocytosis due to peritonitis, bacterial overgrowth, etc. have been reported over time. It was seen that leukocyte numbers of non-surviving calves with atresia coli in this study were significantly higher, but leucocyte increase in surviving calves was seen to be statistically insignificant. Leukocyte increased in non-surviving calves with atresia may be associated with excessive bacterial reproduction and peritonitis. Blood lactate level is a commonly used marker for severity of disease in humans and lactate has a prognostic value in adult horses with colic and foals with critical disease. In this study, lactate level in non-surviving calves with atresia coli was significantly higher with respect to surviving calves and control calves. In this result, lactate can be evaluated as a prognostic indicator in calves with atresia coli. Creatine kinase-MB fraction and troponins are used in determination of cardiac damage in veterinary medicine. The fact that serum blood cTnI and CK-MB levels of non-surviving calves with intestinal atresia in this study were higher than surviving calves with atresia coli and control calves suggested that endotoxemia related cardiac damage may have developed. Surgical operation is necessary in the treatment of intestinal atresia. It was determined that the importance of calves age and colon integrity during time of surgical operation in survival of calves with atresia coli. The studies showed that survival rate in surgical operation conducted on calves under 3 days old was higher than calves over 5 day-old. Average of age of non-surviving calves with atresia coli in this study (4.67 +/- 1.23 days) was higher than average of age of surviving calves with atresia coli (3.27 +/- 0.51 days). It was also observed in our study that elapsed time affected prognosis of calves negatively. Thus, performing surgical operations as soon as possible may raise survival rate of calves with intestinal atresia as stated in previous studies.Öğe The importance of concentrations of sorbitol dehydrogenase and glutamate dehydrogenase and b-mode ultrasonographic examination in the diagnosis of hepatic lipidosis in dairy cows(KAFKAS UNIV, VETERINER FAKULTESI DERGISI, 2013) Ok, Mahmut; Sen, Ismail; Guzelbektes, Hasan; Boydak, Murat; Er, Cenk; Aydogdu, Ugur; Yildiz, RamazanThe aim of this study is to determine the importance of B-mode ultrasonography in the diagnosis of hepatic lipidosis in dairy cows and compare this mode of diagnosis with both the histologic examination of liver biopsy samples and investigation of some biochemical parameters associated with hepatic lipidosis. 15 Holstein cows with moderate hepatic lipidosis and 15 cows with severe hepatic lipidosis and 6 healtyh cows were used as a metarilas. Blood samples were obtained from all cows and analyzed. Liver samples were obtained by biopsy in cattle. The ultrasonographic examination of liver was performed on animal. Serum glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) and aspartate amino transferase (AST) concentrations were increased in cows with moderate hepatic lipidosis. Serum sorbitol dehydrogenase (SDH), GDH, and AST concentrations were increased in cows with severe hepatic lipidosis. Ultrasonographic examination revealed an increase in diffuse echogenicity of the liver in cows with moderate and severe hepatic lipidosis cows, but the increase was little in moderate hepatic lipidosis. Both serum GDH and SDH levels were found to be increased in severe hepatic lipidosis. However, only the serum GDH level was elevated in moderate hepatic lipidosis. Therefore, both ultrasonographic examination and measurement of specific liver enzymes seem to be beneficial in the diagnosis of hepatic lipidosis.Öğe Terminal atrial standstill with ventricular escape rhythm in a neonatal calf with acute diarrhea(SCIENTIFIC TECHNICAL RESEARCH COUNCIL TURKEY-TUBITAK, 2013) Basoglu, Abdullah; Aydogdu, UgurHere we present a case of terminal atrial standstill with ventricular escape rhythm associated with hyperkalemia and metabolic acidosis contributed to by diarrhea and lactate in a neonatal calf. This life-threatening arrhythmia disappeared and sinus rhythm was obtained by fluid therapy consisting of isotonic saline with NaHCO3 and epinephrine.