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Öğe Ajuga chamaecistus subsp scoparia (Boiss.) Rech.f.: A new source of phytochemicals for antidiabetic, skin-care, and neuroprotective uses(ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, 2016) Movahhedin, Nasrin; Zengin, Gökhan; Bahadori, Mir Babak; Sarıkürkcü, Cengiz; Bahadori, Shahram; Dinparast, LeilaThe genus Ajuga is used traditionally as food and medicine. The aim of this study was to investigate the antidiabetic, anti-Alzheimer's diseases, skin-protective, and antioxidant activities of essential oil and extracts of Ajuga chamaecistus subsp. scoparia (Boiss.) Rech.f., together with the identification of their chemical composition. The 1,1-dipheny1-2-picrylhydrazyl radical and 2,2-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazloine-6-sulfonic acid) radical cation scavenging activity, metal chelating activity, reducing power, content of total bioactive compounds, general toxicity, and enzyme inhibitory potential of essential oil, ethanol extract, and water decoction of the plant were evaluated. Phenolics profile of the extracts was analyzed using the reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography with diode array detector and the chemical composition of the essential oil was determined using the gas chromatography and gas chromatography mass spectroscopy techniques. The essential oil could significantly inhibit the activity of alpha-glucosidase (4.3 mmol Acarbose equivalents/g), alpha-amylase (2.8 mmol Acarbose equivalents/g), acetylcholinesterase (1.96 mg gallic acid equivalents/g), butyrylcholinesterase (2.2 mg gallic acid equivalents/g), and tyrosinase (36 mg kojic acid equivalents/g) while ethanol and water extracts showed moderate enzyme inhibitory activity. Furthermore, essential oil had the strongest antioxidant capacity in the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl scavenging, 2,2-azino-bis (3ethylbenzothiazloine-6-sulfonic acid) scavenging, cupric reducing antioxidant capacity, ferric reducing antioxidant power, and metal chelating assays. Spathulenol (18.0%), thymol (15.1%), octen-3-ol (14.3%), and linalool oxide (11.2%) were identified as major constituents in the essential oil. Quantitative highperformance liquid chromatography analysis indicated that p-coumaric acid, gallic acid, and ferulic acid are the main phenolic compounds in this plant. The results suggested that Ajuga chamaecistus could be useful for several applications as functional foods, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Öğe Amylase, glucosidase, tyrosinase, and cholinesterases inhibitory, antioxidant effects, and GC-MS analysis of wild mint (Mentha longifolia var. calliantha) essential oil: A natural remedy(ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC, 2018) Asghari, Behvar; Zengin, Gökhan; Bahadori, Mir Babak; Abbas-Mohammadi, Mahdi; Dinparast, LeilaIntroduction: Mint is used as a herbal tea, in food additives, and as a traditional medicine all around the world. They are popular functional foods and natural remedies. A comprehensive bioactivity evaluation was performed on wild mint essential oil to shed light on its health beneficial effects and therapeutic potential as a very popular herb. Methods: The chemical composition of essential oil of wild mint (Mentha longifolia var. calliantha (Stapf) Briq.) was determined together with its antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory potential linked to Alzheimer's disease, diabetes mellitus, and skin disorders. Six different methods were employed to examine antioxidant ability, including; DPPH, ABTS, CUPRAC, FRAP, metal chelating, and Molybdenum total antioxidant assays. Results: Findings showed that 1,8-cineol (33.5%), linalool (15.1%), menthone (12.9%), and trans-piperitone oxide (12.6%) are the main volatile compounds of the plant. The essential oil exhibited promising antiradical activity (5.8 and 9.1 mmol TEs/g oil in DPPH and ABTS assays, respectively) and reducing power (102 and 337 mmol TEs/g oil in FRAP and CUPRAC assays, respectively). Moreover, remarkable antidiabetic, anticholinesterase, and antityrosinase effects were recorded for the mint oil. Conclusion: Wild mint essential oil has valuable bioactive constituents and great potential for uses in food, pharmaceutical, and cosmeceuticals industries.Öğe Chemical composition and biological activities of extracts from three Salvia species: S. blepharochlaena, S. euphratica var. leiocalycina, and S. verticillata subsp amasiaca(ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, 2018) Zengin, Gökhan; Llorent-Martinez, Eulogio J.; Luisa Fernandez-de Cordova, Maria; Bahadori, Mir Babak; Mocan, Andrei; Locatelli, Marcello; Aktümsek, AbdurrahmanThe genus Salvia has recently attracted great attention due to its notable biological activities. Within this context, in this study, the chemical characterization and biological effects of three extracts (dichloromethane (DCM), methanol (MeOH), and water) from three Salvia species (S. blepharochlaena (SB), S. euphratica var. leiocalycina (SE), and S. verticillata subsp. atnasica (SV)) were assessed. For the chemical characterization, the qualitative and quantitative analysis of phenolic components in the methanol extracts was carried out by high-performance liquid chromatography with electrospray ionization mass spectrometry detection (HPLC-UV-ESI-MS). Total phenolic, flavonoid and phenolic acid contents were also studied. Concerning the biological effects, antioxidant (DPPH and ABTS free radical scavenging; ferric (FRAP) and cupric (CUPRAC) reducing power; phosphomo-lybdenum, and metal chelating assays), enzyme inhibitory (cholinesterase, tyrosinase, amylase, glucosidase, lipase, and elastase) and cytotoxic effects (A-549 and MCF-7 cell lines) were evaluated. After the evaluation of the phytochemical profile by HPLC-UV-ESI-MSn, it was observed that the main compound in the analyzed extracts was rosmarinic acid, which was present at high concentrations, particularly in SV, which presented rosmarinic acid levels higher than the usual levels found in other Salvia species or related plants. Generally, the SV-water extract presented the strongest antioxidant abilities with higher levels of total bioactive compounds. However, the studied DCM extracts had higher enzyme inhibitory potentials compared with MeOH and water extracts. SE-DCM exerted the most potent cytotoxic effects, followed by SB-water and SB-MeOH extracts.Öğe Chemical Composition of Essential Oil, Antioxidant, Antidiabetic, Anti-obesity, and Neuroprotective Properties of Prangos gaubae(NATURAL PRODUCTS INC, 2017) Bahadori, Mir Babak; Zengin, Gökhan; Bahadori, Shahram; Maggi, Filippo; Dinparast, LeilaChemical composition of essential oil and the potential of Prangos gaubae for the management of public health problems such as Alzheimer's disease, obesity, Diabetes mellitus, and skin diseases were evaluated for the first time. In this direction, enzyme inhibitory effects, antioxidant activity, and total bioactive contents of the plant were determined. EO showed high acetylcholinesterase (2.97 mg GEs/g oil), alpha-amylase (1.35 mmol ACEs/g oil), alpha-glucosidase (38.84 mmol ACEs/g oil), and lipase (1.59 mmol OEs/g oil) inhibitory activities. Moreover, strong antioxidant effects were observed in antiradical (DPPH and ABTS), reducing power (CUPRAC and FRAP), total antioxidant, and metal chelating assays. Methanol extract exhibited promising DPPH radical scavenging activity (0.47 mmol TEs/g extract) and also high reducing power in CUPRAC (0.89 mmol TEs/g extract) and FRAP (0.52 mmol TEs/g extract) assays. All extracts showed low total flavonoid but high total phenolics content. Furthermore, they exhibited strong skin-care effect in tyrosinase inhibition assay. EO analysis showed the presence of germacrene D (26.7%), caryophyllene oxide (14.3%), (E)-caryophyllene (13.8%), and spathulenol (11.3%) as the major volatile components. Results indicated that P. gaubae has promising potential for possible uses in food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical industries due to its valuable phytoconstituents and biological activities.Öğe Chemical composition profile of the essential oil from hymenocrater bituminous and its health functionality(TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC, 2017) Bahadori, Shahram; Bahadori, Mir Babak; Zengin, Gökhan; Maggi, Filippo; Dinparast, Leila; Aktümsek, AbdurrahmanHymenocrater species are important medicinal and food plants. The aim of this work was to evaluate the potential of Hymenocrater bituminous Fisch. & C. A. Mey. for the management of public health problems such as Alzheimer's disease, obesity, diabetes mellitus, and skin diseases through inhibition of targeted enzymes. Essential oil composition, antioxidant activity, and the total bioactive contents of the plant were also determined. EO showed high alpha-glucosidase (40 mmol ACEs/g oil), alpha-amylase (9 mmol ACEs/g oil), acetylcholinesterase (3.8 mg GEs/g oil), butyrylcholinesterase (4.7 mg GEs/g oil), tyrosinase (45 mg KAEs/g oil), and lipase (1.5 mmol OEs/g oil) inhibitory activities. Methanolic extract exhibited strong antiradical (DPPH and ABTS) and reducing power (CUPRAC and FRAP) activities and high total phenolics content (120 mg GAEs/g extract). Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry analysis of EO showed the presence of alpha-pinene (18.2%), beta-pinene (11.3%), trans-phytol (11.0%), and spathulenol (8.5%) as the major components. The results indicated that H. bituminous has promising potential for possible uses in food and pharmaceutical industries due to its valuable phytoconstituents and biological activities.Öğe Chemical profile, antioxidant, and enzyme inhibitory properties of two Scutellaria species: S-orientalis L. and S-salviifolia Benth(WILEY, 2019) Zengin, Gökhan; Llorent-Martinez, Eulogio J.; Molina-Garcia, Lucia; Fernandez-de Cordova, Maria Luisa; Aktümsek, Abdurrahman; Uysal, Şengül; Rengasamy, Kannan R. R.; Aumeeruddy, Muhammad Zakariyyah; Bahadori, Mir Babak; Mahomoodally, Mohamad FawziObjectives This study investigates into the biological effects of solvent extracts (ethyl acetate, methanol, and water) of Scutellaria orientalis L. and Scutellaria salviifolia Benth. based on its enzyme inhibitory activity and antioxidant ability together with the screening of bioactive compounds. Methods Total and individual bioactive components were determined using spectrophotometric and HPLC-ESI-MS methods. Six antioxidant assays were conducted and enzyme inhibition was tested against key enzymes linked to the pathology of common chronic disorders. Key findings Results revealed that the aqueous extracts of both plants exerted better 2,2 '-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline)-6-sulfonic acid scavenging, reducing power, metal chelating, and alpha-glucosidase inhibitory activities. The methanol extracts showed highest tyrosinase inhibition and antioxidant activity in phosphomolybdenum assay while the less polar ethyl acetate extracts showed better acetylcholinesterase, butyrylcholinesterase, and alpha-amylase inhibition. Phytochemical evaluation by HPLC-ESI-MS revealed the presence of high amounts of flavones. Conclusions Scutellaria orientalis and S. salviifolia are important sources of bioactive agents that warrants further studies.Öğe An efficient, catalyst-free, one-pot synthesis of 4H-chromene derivatives and investigating their biological activities and mode of interactions using molecular docking studies(ELSEVIER, 2020) Dinparast, Leila; Hemmati, Salar; Alizadeh, Ali Akbar; Zengin, Gökhan; Kafil, Hossein Samadi; Bahadori, Mir Babak; Dastmalchi, SiavoushIn the present study, the design and development of an efficient and green method for the synthesis of dialkyl 4-hydroxy-4H-chromene-2,3-dicarboxylate derivatives together with their biological evaluation are reported. A series of 4H-chromenes were synthesized in the presence of 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide ([HMIM]Br) as an environmentally friendly media, without using any organic and toxic solvent and catalyst. The reaction was rapid and was conducted at room temperature with high-to-excellent yields. The antiproliferative potential of the synthesized compounds was evaluated against human lung (A549), breast (MCF-7), and colon (HT-29) cancerous cell lines by adopting MTT method. The tested chromenes showed cytotoxicity in the range of 8.8-82.3% against A549 cells at 200 mu g/mL. Also, chromene derivatives were assessed for tyrosinase and alpha-glucosidase inhibitory activities. Based on IC50 values (2.99-4.39 mM), all chromenes exhibited significant alpha-glucosidase inhibition compared with acarbose (IC50 = 7.90 mM). Furthermore, the ability of the studied compounds to inhibit tyrosinase was evaluated and found to be moderate (IC50 = 3.50-12.20 mM). In silico studies were performed to explore the binding modes of the chromenes at the binding site of alpha-glucosidase and tyrosinase. Molecular docking results revealed the importance of hydrogen bonding, hydrophobic, pi-pi stacking, pi-cation, and metal interactions between the target enzymes and the synthesized compounds. Collectively, the results obtained in the current work indicated that the studied chromenes may be regarded as lead compounds for designing new chemicals potentially effective in conditions such as skin disorders and diabetes mellitus. (C) 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Öğe Functional components, antidiabetic, anti-Alzheimer's disease, and antioxidant activities of Salvia syriaca L.(TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC, 2017) Bahadori, Mir Babak; Dinparast, Leila; Zengin, Gökhan; Sarikurkcu, Cengiz; Bahadori, Shahram; Asghari, Behvar; Movahhedin, NasrinAntidiabetic, anti-Alzheimer, general toxicity, and antioxidant activities of Salvia syriaca were evaluated. Phytochemical composition of the essential oil and methanolic extract of the plant were identified using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detector techniques, respectively. Essential oil of S. syriaca exhibited strong cytotoxicity, antioxidant, a-amylase, and a-glucosidase inhibitory activities. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis showed that spathulenol (87.4%), isospathulenol (7.6%), and bornyl acetate (2.7%) are the major compounds in essential oil. High-performance liquid chromatography analysis indicated that rutin, quercetin, apigenin, rosmarinic acid, and ferulic acid are the most abundant phenolic components. S. syriaca could be considered as a valuable source of bioactive natural compounds for functional foods, medical, and pharmaceutical applications.Öğe The Genus Heracleum: A Comprehensive Review on Its Phytochemistry, Pharmacology, and Ethnobotanical Values as a Useful Herb(WILEY, 2016) Bahadori, Mir Babak; Dinparast, Leila; Zengin, GökhanHeracleum species, also known as hogweed, are traditionally used as food additives, spices, and flavoring agents. Moreover, these plants are widely used in folklore medicine for the treatment of many disorders such as inflammation, flatulence, stomachache, epilepsy, psoriasis, and as carminative, wound healing, antiseptic, antidiarrheal, tonic, digestive, pain killer, analgesic, and anticonvulsant agents. The genus Heracleum has broad pharmacological activities: anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, anticholinesterase, anti-oxidant, antiviral, cytotoxic, and anticarcinogenic. A total of 94 compounds have been isolated from plants of the Heracleum genus, all indicating vital biological activities. Also, about 50 compounds have been identified as major components in their essential oils. The genus is rich in several types of bioactive coumarin compounds, with huge potential for the discovery of new coumarins. Various parts of these plants produce essential oils (mainly aliphatic esters and monoterpenes) with a wide spectrum of biological activities. Heracleum species have great potential for applications in the food, cosmetics, perfumery, and pharmaceutical industries due to their broad ethnobotanical uses and pharmacological properties. Accordingly, this review aims to categorize updated and comprehensive information on ethnobotanical uses, phytochemistry, and pharmacology of Heracleum species in order to open new perspectives for future studies, including possible uses as functional ingredients in food products.Öğe Parentucellia latifolia subsp. latifolia: A potential source for loganin iridoids by HPLC-ESI-MSn technique(ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, 2019) Llorent-Martinez, Eulogio J.; Fernandez-de Cordova, Maria Luisa; Zengin, Gökhan; Bahadori, Mir Babak; Aumeeruddy, Muhammad Zakariyyah; Rengasamy, Kannan R. R.; Mahomoodally, Mohamad FawziThis study attempts to compare the pharmaceutical potential (antioxidant and key enzyme inhibition of clinical relevance) of organic and aqueous extracts of Parentucellia latifolia (L) Caruel subsp. latifolia (L) Caruel as well as phytochemical composition. The phytochemical compounds were evaluated by spectrophotometric methods (for total amounts) and HPLC-ESI-DAD-MSn (for individual compounds). The extracts were screened for antioxidant abilities by in vitro assays. Inhibition effects were also investigated against a set of enzymes linked to major health problems. Generally, the methanol (MeOH) and aqueous extracts displayed higher scavenging abilities on radicals and reductive effects when compared with the ethyl acetate (EtOAc) extract. On the other hand, the EtOAc extract was the most active inhibitor on cholinesterases (1.81-1.88 mg GALAE/g), amylase (0.70 mmol ACAE/g), glucosidase (2.85 mmol ACAE/g) and lipase (33.24 mg OE/g). The highest TPC was observed in the aqueous extract (25.07 mg GAE/g) while MeOH extract possessed the highest level of TFC (44.15 mg RE/g) and TPAC (3.46 mg CE/g). LCMSn metabolite profiling indicated that loganin and its isomers, rutin, and luteolin-O-hexoside were the most abundant compounds. Our results suggest that P. latifolia may be valuable source of phyto-agents for the management of noncommunicable diseases. (C) 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Öğe Phenolic composition and functional properties of wild mint (Mentha longifolia var. calliantha (Stapf) Briq.)(TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC, 2018) Bahadori, Mir Babak; Zengin, Gökhan; Bahadori, Shahram; Dinparast, Leila; Movahhedin, NasrinMints (Mentha species) are widely used as food, medicine, spice, and flavoring agents. At the present work, phenolics profile of infusion and ethanol extract of Mentha longifolia was determined using an RP-HPLC-DAD system. Total bioactive contents, radical scavenging, reducing power, metal chelating, and enzyme inhibitory activities relevant to Alzheimer's disease, diabetes mellitus, and skin disorders were evaluated. Sixteen phenolic compounds (ten phenolic acids and six flavonoids) were identified in the extracts in which sinapic acid (7132 mu g/g extract) and rosmarinic acid (6260 mu g/g extract) were the most abundant compounds. Strong antioxidant effects were observed in 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical, 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid), cupric ion reducing activity, ferric reducing antioxidant power, phosphomolybdenum, and metal chelating assays. Results indicated selective acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity and high -amylase and -glucosidase inhibitory potential. Findings showed that M. longifolia has promising health benefits due to its high concentration of useful phenolic compounds and has great potential for possible applications in the preparation of functional ingredients.Öğe Phenolic profiling and in vitro biological properties of two Lamiaceae species (Salvia modesta and Thymus argaeus): A comprehensive evaluation(ELSEVIER, 2019) Zengin, Gökhan; Atasagun, Bayram; Aumeeruddy, Muhammad Zakariyyah; Saleem, Hammad; Mollica, Adriano; Bahadori, Mir Babak; Mahomoodally, Mohamad FawziThe genus Salvia and Thymus have gained much popularity as an alternative therapy in Turkish folk medicine for abdominal pain, cold, nausea, among others. Nonetheless, some species are yet to be further explored for their bioactivities. We investigated the biological activities of 3 extracts (dichloromethane, methanol, and water (decoction)) of Salvia modesta Boiss. and Thymus argaeus (Fisch. & C.A.Mey.) Boiss. & Balansa. based on antioxidant and enzyme inhibition along with the determination of polyphenolic content. Antioxidant potential was assessed using six assays namely: 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid), cupric ion reducing antioxidant capacity, ferric reducing antioxidant power, phosphomolybdenum, and metal chelating. Moreover, enzyme inhibition activities of the extracts were studied against acetylcholinesterase, butyrylcholinesterase, tyrosinase, a-amylase, and a-glucosidase. Results revealed that the decoction of both plants was the strongest antioxidants. The methanol extracts displayed the highest tyrosinase inhibition while the dichloromethane extracts of both plants were the most effective butyrylcholinesterase and a-glucosidase inhibitors. In addition, the total phenolic and total flavonoid content was highest in the decoction and methanolic extract of Thymus argaeus, respectively. The most abundant phenolic compound was rosmarinic acid (6574 mu g/g and 5390 mu g/g in T. argaeus and S. modesta methanolic extracts, respectively). PASS prediction analysis revealed that chlorogenic acid showed the highest Pa value for antioxidant activity (0.809) including the mechanism of free radical scavenging (0.856), while rosmarinic acid showed the highest Pa value (0.798) for antidiabetic activity. To conclude, both Salvia modesta and Thymus argaeus can be regarded as new sources of antioxidants and enzyme inhibitors to manage oxidative stress and their complications.Öğe Rapid, efficient, and green synthesis of coumarin derivatives via Knoevenagel condensation and investigating their biological effects(WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH, 2019) Dinparast, Leila; Hemmati, Salar; Zengin, Gökhan; Alizadeh, Ali Akbar; Bahadori, Mir Babak; Kafil, Hossein Samadi; Dastmalchi, SiavoushCoumarins as naturally occurring heterocycles are chemically and biologically attractive compounds due to their diverse pharmacological properties. This study aimed to design a green method for the synthesis of coumarin derivatives followed by their biological investigations. To do so, coumarins were synthesized with excellent yields using a one-pot procedure under solvent-free conditions at room temperature with very short reaction times. 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide was used as a reaction medium and an alternative for common toxic solvents. The structure of coumarins was confirmed using spectroscopic techniques as well as elemental analysis. The cytotoxicity of coumarins was evaluated against A549 cancerous cells and was found to be non-cytotoxic in nature. Also, their abilities for inhibition of acetylcholinesterase, tyrosinase, and alpha-glucosidase were assessed. The results showed that some derivatives have mild to moderate inhibitory activity (IC50=3.64-5.96 mm) against acetylcholinesterase. The tested coumarins have also moderately inhibited tyrosinase (IC50=3.95-13.96 mm). The results of this study could be useful for the design and development of green and effective methods for the synthesis of new drugs with the core structure of coumarin.Öğe Salvia nemorosa L.: A novel source of bioactive agents with functional connections(ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, 2017) Bahadori, Mir Babak; Asghari, Behvar; Dinparast, Leila; Zengin, Gökhan; Sarıkürkcü, Cengiz; Abbas-Mohammadi, Mahdi; Bahadori, ShahramSalvia species are used as food and medicinal plants all around the world. In this study, chemical composition and antimicrobial, toxicity, antioxidant, and enzyme inhibitory activity of Salvia nemorosa were evaluated. Phenolic components were characterized by the HPLC-DAD and 11 components were identified, in which rosmarinic acid was detected as the major compound (7584 mu g/g extract). Sixteen volatile components were determined in both leaves and flowers essential oils. Oxygenated sesquiterpenes were the major components. Methanolic extract showed the highest total phenolic and flavonoid contents (294 mg GAE/g and 117 mg QE/g extract, respectively) and the strongest DPPH radical scavenging activity (IC50: 82 mu g/mL). Plant samples showed moderate to high aldehyde oxidase, xanthine oxidase, acetylcholinesterase, and alpha-glucosidase inhibitory activity and moderate cytotoxicity. Also, EOs exhibited great antimicrobial potential (IZ: 8.8-33.7 mm). Our findings indicated that S. nemorosa may be useful for novel applications in functional food and pharmaceutical industries. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
