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    Does the Diabetes of Type 2 Affect the Sexual Functions of Women?
    (ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD, 2015) Bal, Meltem Demirgoz; Yilmaz, Sema Dereli; Celik, Selda Gedik; Dincag, Nevin; Beji, Nezihe Kizilkaya; Yalcin, Onay
    This study aimed to investigate female sexual dysfunction in patients with type 2 diabetes. Using the Index of Female Sexual Function, the authors compared the sexual function of type 2 diabetic women with that of nondiabetic women. Participants were 76 sexually active women with type 2 diabetes (study group) and 100 sexually active nondiabetic women (control group); all women were 24-47years of age and had similar backgrounds. The participants with type 2 diabetes were selected from those women who applied to the Diabetes Polyclinic of the Istanbul University. Results were analyzed using chi-square and Student's t test. The prevalence of sexual dysfunction was significantly higher among the study group than in the control group. The authors found that if HbA1c, body mass index, and duration of diabetes increase, the prevalence of sexual dysfunction also increases. The authors of this article conclude that all diabetic patients should be considered to have sexuality, and patients with sexual dysfunction should be referred to appropriate medical centers.
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    Evaluation of Sexual Function in Patients with Gynecologic Cancer and Evidence-Based Nursing Interventions
    (SPRINGER, 2011) Oskay, Umran Yesiltepe; Beji, Nezihe Kizilkaya; Bal, Meltem Demirgoz; Yilmaz, Sema Dereli
    Sexual health is the integrity of somatic, intellectual, mental, emotional and social aspects of any individual. The cancer causes higher rates of sexuality related problems than other chronic diseases. Both the cancer diagnosis and the methods of treatment such as organ excision, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, the usage of hormones and cytostatic negatively affect the women's sexuality. Some models are used for diagnosing sexual dysfunction. These models are ALARM model, Kaplan model, Triphasic model, PLISSIT model, IMB model and BETTER model. It is important to evaluate the cancer patient's sexual function and utilize evidence-based nursing intervention. The aim of present review is to examine the models which were used to determine the effect of gynaecologic cancers on sexual life. Moreover, it is aimed to evaluate the evidence-based nursing interventions to identify problems.
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    Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms in Women With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
    (LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS, 2016) Yilmaz, Sema Dereli; Bal, Meltem Demirgoz; Celik, Selda; Rathfisch, Gulay; Beji, Nezihe Kizilkaya; Dinccag, Nevin; Yalcin, Onay
    PURPOSE: The aim of the study was to compare lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in women with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). SUBJECTS AND SETTING: The sample was drawn from community-dwelling women in the province of Istanbul who were cared for in the diabetes outpatient clinic of Istanbul Medical School between January and June 2012. Two hundred forty-nine women with DM were compared to 255 women without DM cared for in the obstetrics and gynecology department of the same university hospital. The mean ages of the groups were 55.1 and 53.7 years, respectively. METHODS: Participants completed a questionnaire that queried sociodemographic and clinical characteristics; the Bristol Female Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms-Short Form (BFLUTS-SF) was used to evaluate LUTS. The questionnaire required 10 to 15 minutes to complete; participants completed the questionnaire in a private room of each of the respective outpatient clinics. RESULTS: No statistically significant differences were found when groups (women with and without DM) were compared based on age and cigarette smoking (P > .05). In contrast, BMI scores were significantly higher in the women with DM (P < .001). The cumulative BFLUTS scores and the filling and incontinence symptoms subscale sores (P < .001) were significantly higher in women with DM. No differences were observed in voiding symptoms (P = .347), sexual function (P = .380), and health-related quality of life (P = .142) subscale scores. The prevalence of storage symptoms nocturia, voiding frequency, urge incontinence, stress incontinence, frequency of incontinent episodes were higher among women with DM. In addition, women with DM were more likely to report the need to change clothing because of urinary leakage, effect of incontinence on daily tasks, and overall interference with daily activities of living. CONCLUSIONS: Women with type 2 DM are more likely to experience LUTS as compared to women without DM. Women with type 2 DM should routinely be assessed for LUTS.
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    Sexual Health in Patients with Gynecological Cancer: A Qualitative Study
    (SPRINGER, 2013) Bal, Meltem Demirgoz; Yilmaz, Sema Dereli; Beji, Nezihe Kizilkaya
    The sexual problems of patients with gynecological cancer were investigated. This qualitative study was conducted among eleven Turkish women who were treated in the gynecologic oncology clinic and aged between 30 and 55 years old. Data was collected using a semi-structured questionnaire. Of the cases, 55 % had been diagnosed with ovarian cancer, 27 % with cervical cancer and 18 % with endometrial cancer. The participants had been affected in terms of body image, sexual functioning, wifehood and motherhood and reproductive ability. Most of the participants reported severe decreases in such features as sexual desire, arousal, the frequency of intercourse and orgasm. In addition, all participants reported that they wanted information from health care professionals (preferably female) and to be able to share problems with them. Sexuality remains a problem that is ignored by healthcare professionals in Turkey. As a vital component in terms of quality of life, healthcare professionals should utilize a more sensitive and personalized approach to sexuality with patients.
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    Ways of Coping With Stress and Perceived Social Support in Gynecologic Cancer Patients
    (LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS, 2015) Yilmaz, Sema Dereli; Bal, Meltem Demirgoz; Beji, Nezihe Kizilkaya; Arvas, Macit
    Background: Stress is commonly encountered among cancer patients and may be a challenge affecting immune system resistance. Social support may contribute positively to the health of cancer patients, playing a role in coping with stress. Objective: The aim of this study was to determine whether ways of coping are related to social support given to women with gynecologic cancer. Methods: The study was performed as a cross-sectional design in a university hospital in Istanbul, Turkey, with 221 women with gynecologic cancer; the data were collected via 3 questionnaires, the first with sociodemographic and clinical features, the second with multidimensional scale of perceived social support, and the third with the scale of ways of coping with stress. Results: Women with gynecologic cancer who were employed and declared their incomes as balanced and reported more years of education were more likely to perceive higher social support and to use the ineffective coping ways with stress at a lower rate (P < .05) than other participants. Based on correlational analysis, effective coping ways with stress increase as perceived social support from family, friends, significant other, and total increases (P < .05). Conclusions: Social support from family members is the mainstay of coping with stress by women with gynecologic cancer. Implications for Practice: Nurses are indispensable in increasing social support required by women with gynecologic cancer. Well-trained clinical nurses via in-service programs should be experienced and aware of women diagnosed with gynecologic cancer in need of social support during hospital visits and provide necessary guidance.
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    Women's Preferences of Method of Delivery and Influencing Factors
    (KOWSAR PUBL, 2013) Yilmaz, Sema Dereli; Bal, Meltem Demirgoz; Beji, Nezihe Kizilkaya; Uludag, Seyfettin
    Background: Currently, the rate of caesarean section has been substantially increased in developing and developed countries. To determine the factors causing such an increase, it is important to determine reasons for women to refuse vaginal delivery and preferring caesarean section. Objectives: To determine Turkish women's attitudes and basal knowledge regarding vaginal delivery and caesarean section, as well as factors causing women to prefer caesarean section even when a medical indication does not exist. Patients and Methods: This descriptive study consisted of 840 women, completing the questionnaire developed by the researchers. Results: Mean age rate of participants was 39.8 +/- 11.8 years. The most significant reasons of vaginal delivery preferred by participants (n = 685) were determined to be healthy and swift recovery period after delivery, whereas those preferred by participants (n = 155) for caesarean section were being safer for babies, easier than vaginal delivery and a less painful method. Higher educational status, pregnancy after infertility treatment and undergoing caesarean section for the last delivery were determined to be among important factors affecting to choose caesarean section. Conclusions: Information gained misleadingly and fears related to vaginal delivery were seen as factors affecting women's preferences for delivery. Thus, midwives are required to train both pregnant women during antenatal care and all women in society about methods of delivery and to give effective counseling.