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    ADHD symptoms, breast-feeding and obesity in children and adolescents
    (WILEY, 2015) Türkoğlu, Serhat; Bilgiç, Ayhan; Akça, Ömer Faruk
    BackgroundAttention-deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has been found to be related to overweight/obesity in children and adolescents, but it is a heterogeneous disorder, and the relationships between the dimensions of ADHD and overweight/obesity are not clear. The aim of this study was to explore which dimensions of the disorder are specifically associated with overweight/obesity. MethodsThe study sample consisted of 300 treatment-naive children with ADHD and 75 healthy controls aged 7-17 years. The ADHD module of the Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia-Present and Lifetime Version was used to diagnose ADHD. The severity of ADHD symptoms was assessed via Conners' Parent Rating Scale (CPRS). The weight, height, and breast-feeding duration of the study samples and controls were recorded. Body mass index (BMI) was categorized according to the national age/sex-specific reference values. ResultsThe rate of overweight/obese children was higher in the ADHD group. The association between ADHD symptoms and BMI percentile scores was evaluated using structural equation modeling. In that model, it was observed that the Cognitive Problems/Inattentive and Oppositional subscores of the CPRS had a positive predictive effect on the BMI percentile scores, but breast-feeding duration had a negative predictive effect on the BMI percentile scores. ConclusionInattention, oppositionality and breast-feeding duration were associated with overweight/obesity in children and adolescents with ADHD. Longitudinal studies are needed to more fully understand this relationship and the mechanisms underlying the association between ADHD and overweight/obesity.
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    Association between endocrinological, immunological and psychosocial variables in psoriasis patients
    (EDIZIONI MINERVA MEDICA, 2016) Bilgiç, Özlem; Bilgiç, Ayhan; Sivrikaya, Abdullah; Selvi, Yavuz; Ünlü, Ali; Altınyazar, Hilmi Cevdet
    BACKGROUND: There is limited data concerning the relationship between psychosocial problems of psoriasis patients and the function of their hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (IPA) axis and immunologic markers. This study aimed to determine serum levels of basal cortisol and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and circulating levels of various cytokines and chemokines and their association with psychological measures in psoriasis patients. METHODS: Serum concentrations of endocrinological and immunological variables were quantified, and psychiatric questionnaires were completed. RESULTS: In psoriasis patients, serum levels of ACTH, TNF-a, IL-6, IL-23, CCL-17, CCL-27, CCL-20 and CXCL-9, current psychiatric symptoms and childhood neglect scores were all higher than in controls. In addition, in psoriasis patients, physical neglect scores were related to lower basal cortisol, whereas recent stressful life events were related to higher IL-6, IL-23 and CCL-20 levels. CONCLUSIONS: The exposure to stressful life events in childhood and just before a flare-up of psoriasis may be related to altered function of the HPA axis and an immune dysregulation in psoriasis.
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    Autistic trait, empathy, and attention-deficit/hyperactivity symptoms in women with idiopathic hirsutism
    (Medknow Publications, 2015) Bilgiç, Ayhan; Bilgiç, Ö.; Hergüner, Sabri; Altınyazar, Hilmi Cevdet
    Aim: Many psychiatric disorders, including attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), disruptive behavioral disorders, autism spectrum disorders, and some psychiatric characteristics, such as poor empathizing, are regarded to be related to elevated levels of androgens or androgen sensitivity. Thus, numerous studies have investigated the potential association between androgen-related physical diseases and these psychiatric conditions. Idiopathic hirsutism (IH) is a disease characterized by an increased sensitivity of the pilosebaceous unit to circulating androgens in women. The purpose of this study was to examine whether IH has a relationship with androgen-related psychiatric conditions. Materials and Methods: Totally 37 females with IH and 33 healthy female controls were included in this study. Childhood and present ADHD symptoms of the participants were assessed using the Wender Utah Rating Scale (WURS) and the Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale, respectively. The Autism-spectrum quotient and the interpersonal reactivity index were used to assess autistic traits and different aspects of empathy. Hirsutism severity was measured using the Ferriman-Gallwey scoring system. Results: No significant difference was found between the patients and controls on psychiatric questionnaire scores, except for a trend for subjects with IH to show higher levels of the school-associated problems than controls according to WURS. The severity of hirsutism was strongly correlated with the WURS irritability and behavioral problems/impulsivity subscores and WURS total score, and moderately correlated with the WURS attentional deficit subscore. Conclusions: This study provides preliminary evidence that common etiological factors may be involved in both the severity of IH, ADHD, and coexisting disruptive behavioral problems.
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    Relationship between acne vulgaris and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms in a clinical sample of women
    (SOC BRASILEIRA DERMATOLOGIA, 2016) Bilgiç, Ayhan; Bilgiç, Özlem; Çolak, Rukiye Sivri; Altınyazar, Hilmi Cevdet
    Acne vulgaris has recently been reported to be associated with elevated rates of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder in epidemiological studies. This report examines childhood and current attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms in a clinical sample of female adults. Ninety-one women with acne vulgaris and 53 controls were included in this study. The aforementioned symptoms were measured in participants. No significant differences were found between patients and controls in any of the measurements. Contrary to the findings of epidemiological studies, this study did not uncover a link between acne vulgaris and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.
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    The Relationship Between Parental Affective Temperament Traits and Disruptive Behavior Disorders Symptoms in Children With ADHD
    (SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC, 2018) Bilgiç, Ayhan; Yılmaz, Savaş; Özcan, Özlem; Tufan, Ali Evren; Özmen, Sevgi; Öztop, Didem; Akça, Ömer Faruk
    Objective: This study investigated the relationship between parental affective temperaments and the oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) and conduct disorder (CD) symptoms of children with ADHD. Method: The sample consisted of 542 treatment-naive children with ADHD and their biological parents. Children were assessed via both parent- and teacher-rated behavioral disorder scales. Parental affective temperament and ADHD symptoms were measured by self-report inventories. The relationships between psychiatric variables were evaluated using structural equation modeling. Results: According to parent-rated behavioral disorder scales, paternal cyclothymic and maternal irritable temperaments were associated with ODD scores, and maternal depressive temperament was associated with CD scores. In terms of teacher-rated behavioral disorder scales, maternal anxious temperament was associated with ODD scores, and paternal cyclothymic and maternal depressive temperaments were associated with CD scores. Conclusion: These results suggest that certain parental affective temperaments are related to an increase in symptoms of disruptive behavioral disorders in children with ADHD.
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    Relationship between sleep quality and facial sebum levels in women with acne vulgaris
    (MEDKNOW PUBLICATIONS & MEDIA PVT LTD, 2016) Bilgiç, Özlem; Bilgiç, Ayhan; Altınyazar, Hilmi Cevdet
    [Abstract not Available]
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    Relationships among depression, anxiety, anxiety sensitivity, and perceived social support in adolescents with conversion disorder
    (TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD, 2016) Yılmaz, Savaş; Bilgiç, Ayhan; Akça, Ömer Faruk; Turkoğlu, Serhat; Hergüner, Sabri
    Objective: This study aimed to assess the relationships of depression, anxiety, anxiety sensitivity, and perceived social support with conversion symptoms in adolescents with conversion disorder (CD). Methods: Fifty outpatients, aged 8-18 years, who had been diagnosed with CD and members of a control group were assessed using the psychological questionnaires. Results: Compared with controls, adolescents with CD scored higher on the Child Depression Inventory (CDI), Screen for Child Anxiety-related Emotional Disorders (SCARED), Childhood Anxiety Sensitivity Index (CASI) total, CASI physical and cognitive subscales, and Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support family subscale. Multiple regression analysis showed that CDI, CASI total, and CASI cognitive scores predicted the Somatoform Dissociation Questionnaire (SDQ) scores and that CDI and CASI total scores predicted the Children's Somatization Inventory (CSI) scores of subjects. Conclusions: This study suggest that adolescents with CD had poor psychosocial well-being, and depression, global anxiety sensitivity and anxiety sensitivity cognitive concerns are related to conversion symptoms.