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    Genito-urinary genomics and emerging biomarkers for immunomodulatory cancer treatment
    (ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD, 2018) Gevaert, Thomas; Montironi, Rodolfo; Lopez-Beltran, Antonio; Van Leenders, Geert; Allory, Yves; De Ridder, Dirk; Claessens, Frank
    Immunotherapy is gradually becoming a key factor in the therapeutic algorithm for patients with genito-urinary (GU) cancers at different stages of disease. Robust and reliable biomarkers are crucial for an appropriate inclusion of patients in clinical trials and for a reliable patient selection for treatments with immunomodulatory drugs. The increasing knowledge on the genomic landscape of GU cancers supports stratification of patients for targeted therapies. This review focusses on emerging biomarkers and the role of genomics in predicting clinical benefit to immunomodulatory agents in GU cancers. Based on cancer incidences and available data we restricted this overview to bladder, prostate and renal cancer.
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    The N-shaped orthotopic ileal neobladder: functional outcomes and complication rates in 119 patients
    (SPRINGER INTERNATIONAL PUBLISHING AG, 2016) De Sutter, Thomas; Akand, Murat; Albersen, Maarten; Everaerts, Wouter; Van Cleynenbreugel, Ben; De Ridder, Dirk; Goethuys, Hans
    Background: We report our long-term experience with 119 cases of N-shaped orthotopic ileal neobladder. Methods: Between March 1996 and July 2013, a total of 119 patients (102 men, 17 women) underwent cystectomy with creation of an N-shaped orthotopic ileal neobladder. The Clavien-Dindo classification score was used for grading early (<3 months postoperative), late, and pouch-related and non-pouch-related complications. Daytime and nighttime continence were evaluated for male and female patients separately, with patients subdivided in three groups: completely continent, use of <= 1 pad, and use of >1 pad. Results: Median follow-up was 75 months (range 3-204). Early complications (15 major, 54 minor) occurred in 39.5 % of 119 patients whereas 53.1 % presented with late complications (56 major, 39 minor; 111 patients evaluated). Urinary infection and outlet obstruction were both the most frequent early and late pouch-related complications; early non-pouch-related complications were mainly infectious and gastrointestinal, and the most common late non-pouch-related problem was wound herniation. At 12 months, 96 and 60 % of the men and 84.6 and 66.7 % of the women respectively achieved daytime and nighttime continence. Conclusion: Complication rates of the N-shaped orthotopic ileal neobladder were relatively high, probably because of meticulous recording and follow-up. Daytime continence rates were better than nighttime rates. N-shaped orthotopic ileal neobladder can be a good option for urinary diversion in selected patients who undergo radical cystectomy.