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Öğe Activation of pine cone using Fenton oxidation for Cd(II) and Pb(II) removal(ELSEVIER SCI LTD, 2008) Argun, Mehmet Emin; Dursun, Sukru; Karatas, Mustafa; Guru, MetinThis paper describes activation of pine cone with Fenton reagent and determines the removal of Cd(II) and Pb(II) ions from aqueous Solution. Changes of the Surface properties of adsorbent materials were determined by the FT-IR and SEM analysis after activation of pine cone. The effect of Fe2+/H2O2 ratio, ORP, pH and contact time were determined. Different adsorption isotherms were also obtained using concentrations of heavy metal ions ranging from 0.1 to 150 mg L-1. The adsorption process follows pseudo-first-order reaction kinetics and follows the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. The study discusses thermodynamic parameters, including changes in Gibbs free energy, entropy, and enthalpy, for the adsorption of Cd(II) and Pb(II) on activated cone, and revealed that the adsorption process was spontaneous and exothermic under natural conditions. The maximum removal efficiencies were obtained as 91% and 89% at pH 7 with 90 and 105-min contact time for Cd(II) and Pb(II), respectively. (c) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Öğe ASSESSING OF WATER QUALITY INDEX USING GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM IN KONYA CITY CENTER(HEALTH & ENVIRONMENT ASSOC, 2018) Almuslehi, Mushtaq Abdulameer Alwan; Dursun, Sukru; Alqaysi, Nahida Hameed HamzaThe objective of this study is estimating the groundwater quality for Konya city center and mapping their spatial variation in terms of suitability for drinking purposes, about 184 groundwater wells data had been taken from Konya city municipality during 2014 for Konya city center that involving pH, electrical conductivity (EC), Turbidity, calcium (Ca2+), magnesium (Mg2+), chloride (Cl-), sulphate (SO42-), nitrate (NO3-), total alkalinity (TA) and total hardness (TH), and analyzed with reference to the World Health Organization (WHO) limits and (TS266) Turkish Standards, The geographic information system-based spatial distribution maps of different major parameters had been created by testing Geostatistical analyses within ArcGIS version 10.5 environment, the analyzed data was validated by the best-fitted models. The WQI values of the study area were found in the range of 27.28 and 72.99 that classified between good and poor water quality, about 93.413% of the total groundwater samples fall in the suitable limited for drinking water as good water quality, whereas 6.587% of the total groundwater samples get poor water quality.Öğe Biological hydrogen sulphide removal from air by package column(ASIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY, 2008) Dursun, SukruMany industrial processes and sewage treatment facilities produce odours, most of which are of decomposed sulphur compounds. Hydrogen sulphide, which is a toxic and corrosive gas, may be the standard indicator among the obnoxious odours and therefore the amount released into the air is required to be regulated strictly. Hydrogen sulphide was efficiently removed from contaminated air by a pilot-scale biofilter: a column prepared with soil, sawdust and activated sludge materials from the leather industry was used for preparation of a biodegradation unit. The biodegradation unit was used under several working conditions which were designed for 48 h repetition intervals, with different hydrogen sulphide concentrations, loading rate increased from 10 to 100 mg m(-3) and different gas flow rates (25, 50 and 75 m s(-1)). The removal efficiencies of the biodegradation unit were measured mainly from the outflow concentrations and degradation activity. The main by-product obtained in the biodegradation process was sulphate in the drainage water. as it accounted for more than 90% of the total sulphur compound decomposed in the packing material. Sulphate removal from the system was carried out by drainage water during the operation periods. In the recent study, about 100% hydrogen sulphide removal was found at lower gas flow rates by the biologically produced reactor.Öğe COMPARATIVE BETWEEN GEOSTATISTICAL MODELS WHICH APPLIED TO ANALYSE THE MAJOR ANIONS CONCENTRATION IN GROUNDWATER KARAPINAR, KONYA, TURKEY(HEALTH & ENVIRONMENT ASSOC, 2018) Dursun, Sukru; Almuslehi, Mushtaq Abdulameer AlwanGroundwater is one of the most significant resources in arid and semi-arid areas and is essential for drinking, irrigation and industrialization. Land use classification map used based on 0.5 km MODIS-based Global Land Cover Climatology, GIS application are important tool that had been used for estimating and predicting the quality of groundwater. Samples were collected from 30 wells in summer and 20 wells in winter within the study, in addition to many wells out the study area to obtain best analysis of anions for year 2013, the objective of this study is for predicting the spatial distribution of major anions concentration in groundwater of Karapinar in Konya city such as SO42-, Cl-, NO3-, HCO(3)(-)and PO43- for assessing accuracy of various geostatistical wizard techniques like CoKriging, RFB and IDW, the map of anions concentration in groundwater was prepared for two seasons utilizing geostatistical models (Ordinary Kriging (OK), Simple Kriging (SK), Universal Kriging (UK), Inverse Distance Weighting (IDW) and Radial Basis Functions (RBF) methods) existing in the geographic information system (GIS) and compared between these methods then choosing the best model for observed the spatial distribution of pollutants, the optimum model was used to predict anions concentration in Karapinar. Where the best model of each anion has been chosen based on prediction errors, and on the relation between measured and predicted concentration for each anion. All the anions groundwater parameters were evaluated and compared with WHO 2008 Standards, some of the collected groundwater samples present the investigated parameter levels exceeded the permissible limits of WHO 2008. Therefore, most groundwater samples are considered unsuitable for drinking and irrigation due to its high salt content based on anions concentrations in this study and land use classification map that including Croplands (yellow), Grasslands (green), Barren or Sparsely Vegetated (Grey), Urban and Built-Up (red) and Open Scrublands (Chartreuse).Öğe Copper (II) Removal from Water by Natural Zeolites(SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN, 2011) Dursun, Sukru; Argun, M. Emin; Celik, Nazan; Celebi, FatmaClinoptilolite adsorption capacity as a natural matter of the copper (II) ions from artificial polluted water was investigated in this study. In the experimental studies, zeolite mineral which is 25-140 mesh size was used by activating with 0.1 M HCl, and copper ion removal efficiencies were deteimined. Experiences that were under batch condition were studied at different pH values, temperatures and shaking speeds. In the studies, at different pH's; maximum efficiency was found as about 87% at pH 5. Similarly, experiments were carried out at different temperature values, and the maximum efficiency was obtained at 30 degrees C. The efficiency obtained under these conditions is 89.95%. The highest copper removal efficiency was obtained at 200 rpm, and the removal efficiency was measured as 89.62%.Öğe Decolorization of reactive dyes under batch anaerobic condition by mixed microbial culture(ACADEMIC JOURNALS, 2009) Karatas, Mustafa; Dursun, Sukru; Argun, Mehmet EminDecolorization of reactive dyes, which are used in textile industry, under batch anaerobic conditions by mixed microbial culture was investigated in this study. Decolorization of C.I. Reactive Black 5 (RB 5), C.I. Reactive Red 24 (RR 24) and C.I. Reactive Blue 49 (RB 49) with initial concentrations ranging from 150 to 2400 mg/L was investigated. Decolorization efficiencies obtained were 93.4% for RB 5 and 98.9% for RR 24 both with initial concentration of 2400 mg/L after 24 h incubation period. However, decolorization was lower for the dye of RB 49 than other two dyes in all concentrations despite 72 h incubation period by mixed anaerobic culture. All of the three dyes correlated with 1(st) order reaction kinetic with respect to decolorization kinetics. The results of the study demonstrated that high decolorization was obtained under anaerobic condition depending on chemical structure of the dye.Öğe Determination of heavy metal pollution at Mevlana Park (Konya-Turkey) by analysis of soil, grass and cedar tree needles(ASIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY, 2008) Dursun, Sukru; Onder, SerpilIn this study, soil, grass (mostly Lolium sp.) and cedar tree (Cedrus libani) needles were used for determination of heavy metal pollution level at Mevlana Park in Konya city centre. Heavy metal levels i.e., Pb, Cu, Zn, Co, Cr, V, Cd, Ni and As were investigated in all the samples of soil, grass and tree needles during 2003 and 2004 years. According to the results of this study, there were statistically significant differences for heavy metals contents in the cedar tree needles between the years 2003 and 2004 except, Cd and As. Similarly, measurement for heavy metals contents in the samples of grass and soil collected in 2003-2004 years were also statistically significant different except Cr and Ni. Some of the metals as Pb, Cu, Cr, V and Cd were over the limits values, but Zn, Co, Ni and As were not over the critical levels. Only Cu content was higher in the soil samples, on the other hand, Cu, Cr and Cd content in the grass samples and Pb, V and Cd content in the cedar tree leaves were higher than critical levels for human health.Öğe EFFECT OF DIFFERENT LEAD (PB (NO3)(2)) DOSE APPLIED ON ATRIPLEX NITENS SCHKUHR. SEEDLING GROWTH(HEALTH & ENVIRONMENT ASSOC, 2015) Dursun, Sukru; Acar, RamazanLead phytotoxicity investigation was carried out at Selcuk University, Environmental Engineering laboratory in during 2012 education period. Atriplex nitens Schkuhr. plant seeds were used in this study that obtained in the same year from around Konya city. In this study, different doses applications (0.016 g, 0.16 g, 1.6 g, 3.2 g and 6.4 g) of lead (Pb (NO3)(2)) were used and the effect on seedling germination and growth of Atriplex nitens were investigated. For this purpose, number of leaves, stem and root length, stem, leaves, plant fresh and dry weight were investigated. Lowest handle length was 6.91 cm (0.16 g), and Root length 3.44 cm (6.4 g) and Total number of leaves/ plant 5.60 (6.4 g) were identified.Öğe EFFECTS OF OUTDOOR ORNAMENTAL PLANTS ON THE ENVIRONMENT IN ACCORDANCE WITH THEIR INTENDED USE: THE CASE OF TOKAT CITY CENTER(STEF92 TECHNOLOGY LTD, 2015) Gulgun, Bahriye; Yazici, Kubra; Dursun, SukruOrnamental plants are important design materials in landcape architecture work. Their use is of importance not only for their aesthetic effects but also for their functional properties. In an environment where green spaces have largely been destroyed and concrete structures have increased in number, the functional use of plants comes to the fore. The plant texture in urban spaces has a function that stabilizes the building and people. Therefore, plants provide the necessary balance of mass-gap in the urban fabric. It is necessary that design principles be followed while choosing the plants used in open-green spaces. Plants perform their visual and functional effects in spaces where plantation work is done in accordance with the principles concerned, thus making urban spaces liveable for people. This study discusses the functional and aesthetic effects of ornamental plants with samples of plants in green spaces in the center in the sample of Tokat.Öğe ESTIMATING AIR POLLUTION QUALITY IN ISTANBUL CITY CENTRE BY GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM(HEALTH & ENVIRONMENT ASSOC, 2016) Dursun, Sukru; Alqaysi, Nahida Hameed HamzaAir pollution in urban areas comes from a wide variety of sources, including industries, motor vehicles, and in winter due to use of poor quality coal for heating. Istanbul, which is the largest and most populated urban area, and the centre of industry, economics, finance and culture in Turkey, these causing increasing the atmospheric pollution in Istanbul, coal dominated energy structure is also one of the major causes of air pollution in this city. A study involving 28 stations in Istanbul city, monthly average of PM10, SO2, NO2, NO, NOx, CO and O-3 for 2015 was collected from the Government air quality measurement network, the data were interpolated using a geographic information system by IDW technique for each pollutant according to capability of GIS among air pollution modelling, where built model for average of pollutants for winter and summer seasons. The spatial and temporal results showed that PM10, NO and NOx concentrations increased in the winter because of heating coal, and in an industrial, and non-green areas such as Esenyurt, Yenibosna, Selimiye, Aksaray, Umraniye, atladikapi and Kagithane, and not within the Air Quality Index (AQI) of Turkey, while NO2 increased in summer (These gases form when fuel is burned at high temperatures, and come principally from motor vehicle exhaust and stationary sources such as electric utilities and industrial boilers). While concentrations of ozone, CO and SO2 did not reveal any significant change throughout the whole studied period.Öğe Fluoride Concentration Modelling in Konya City Drinking Water Wells via Geographical Information System(ASIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY, 2009) Dursun, Sukru; Durduran, S. Savas; Kunt, FatmaFluoride is one of the important elements in drinking water. This element is needed in small quantities; because it has an important role for health. Even small quantities of some trace elements have significant effect on human health. In this study, bearing in mind that especially excessive or low fluoride content of drinking waters is important for human health, water samples were collected from 50 different water wells in Konya city centre for determination of their fluoride concentrations. Water fluoride data analyses for modelling were carried out using Geographical Information System (GIS) then, fluoride level maps were presented to aid the identification of areas where high-fluoride waters and fluorosis may be a problem. It was observed that fluoride levels of all collected samples were below the limit given in T.S.-266 and WHO standards. The highest fluoride concentration was detected in water wells at Sakarya area with 0.42 mg L-1. The lowest fluoride level was obtained from Ali Tasoluk well water with 0.092 mg L-1. Fluoride level in the tap water has a great importance for tooth and bone health. In the systems where water is supplied from wells with low fluoride content, it is necessary addition of fluoride using appropriate methods. In addition, if it is not possible for fluoride addition, it is necessary to inform the people who using this water about application fluoride tablets.Öğe FOREST PLANTATION AND ALTERNATIVE UTILIZATION OF SOME CULTIVATED PLANTS IN TURKEY(STEF92 TECHNOLOGY LTD, 2015) Gulgun, Bahriye; Yazici, Kubra; Dursun, Sukru; Balik, GokhanDespite the fact that the size of the "industrial forest plantation", which is also known as "tree agriculture", is merely 5% of the world's forests, 35% of wood raw material production is from these areas. This, in turn, increases the importance of tree agriculture. In Turkey, around 35 10(6) m(3) of wood raw material is consumed annually. Yet, the production power of our natural forests is around 18 10(6) m(3) today. Consequently, Turkey imports the raw material she cannot meet by her own means. For this reason, the quest of Turkey for raw material brought the use of new plant species appropriate for this purpose to the agenda. In this research, the physiological structures and utilization characteristics in landscaping and industrial sectors of some natural plant species used in Turkey's forest plantation are assessed. As well as this point, the utilizations of some cultivated plants that may alternatively will be used in forest plantation are also assessed.Öğe FROM TRADITIONAL ZOOS TO SAFARI PARKS(STEF92 TECHNOLOGY LTD, 2015) Gulgun, Bahriye; Ozkan, Cigdem; Yazici, Kubra; Dursun, SukruIn today's conditions, with the phenomenon of urbanization, natural habitats, which people and animals need, are disappearing at an increasing rate. As a result of the rapid consumption of natural habitats, many species and human life are adversely affected. Open public spaces which people can spend their leisure time and get away from urban life, albeit for a short-term, and reach recreation, remain inadequate in terms of quality and quantity. Zoos, one of the places where people spend time with animals, are planned and designed with the concept of insufficient space. However, in order to be efficient for people and animals, exhibit areas of animals should have a wide and unlimited effect. In this study, the concept of zoo and purposes, types and planning-design principles of zoos will be discussed. Subsequently, the concept of wildlife park (safari park) will be examined. In summary, the fact that safari parks are in fact typologies of zoos and how they differ in our country will be explained.Öğe Heavy metal accumulation in wheat plants irrigated by waste water(EDITURA ACAD ROMANE, 2006) Karatas, Mustafa; Dursun, Sukru; Guler, Ersin; Ozdemir, Celaletttn; Argun, M. EminHeavy metals, known as a highly pollutant group with toxic and carcinogen effects, tend to accumulate in living organisms. As the farmers of Konya began to use the wastewate of the dischare, channels for agricultural irrigation, the productive soils have been polluted for a long time period, and the plants growing in the vicinity of the discharge channel were negatively affected. The study investigates heavy metals accumulation in 60 wheat samples collected from wastewater-irrigated fields around discharge channels, during the growth period of plants. Results of this study showed that sewage channel water application for field watering increased the heavy metals (Cu, Cr, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn) content in the root, body and seed parts of wheat plant, the increases recorded being higher for Mn and Zn.Öğe Heavy metal adsorption by modified oak sawdust: Thermodynamics and kinetics(ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, 2007) Argun, Mehmet Emin; Dursun, Sukru; Ozdemir, Celalettin; Karatas, MustafaThis paper describes the adsorption of heavy metal ions from aqueous solutions by oak (Quercus coccifera) sawdust modified by means of HCl treatment. Our study tested the removal of three heavy metals: Cu, Ni, and Cr. The optimum shaking speed, adsorbent mass, contact time, and pH were determined, and adsorption isotherms were obtained using concentrations of the metal ions ranging from 0.1 to 100 mg L-1. The adsorption process follows pseudo-second-order reaction kinetics, as well as Langmuir and D-R adsorption isotherms. The paper discusses the thermodynamic parameters of the adsorption (the Gibbs free energy, entropy, and enthalpy). Our results demonstrate that the adsorption process was spontaneous and endothermic under natural conditions. The maximum removal efficiencies were 93% for Cu(II) at pH 4, 82% for Ni(II) at pH 8, and 84% for Cr(VI) at pH 3. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Öğe HOSPITAL MEDICAL WASTE MANAGEMENT(HEALTH & ENVIRONMENT ASSOC, 2015) Dursun, SukruAny unwanted residual material which cannot be discharged directly, or after suitable treatment can be discharged in the atmosphere or to a receiving water source, or used for landfill is waste. In recent century, the generation and processing of solid waste material has become an increasing environmental problem in most of the countries. Solid waste treatment prior to lanfilling reduces or even avoids environmental damage and recycling prior to waste treatment very important issue. Policy makers have recognized the benefits of recycling and are increasingly willing to foster it through new waste legislation and directives. Some of the waste types must be separated before contaminated with hazardous materials. Medical wastes are also good organised to reduce the amount of contaminated waste and save the recyclable waste. A modern hospitals are complex multidisciplinary system which consumes thousands of items for delivery of medical care and is part of physical environment. All products consumed in hospitals have some unusable left over. This wastes are great threat to ecological balance by polluting environment. Infectious waste are all those substances which cannot be re- sterilized or reused within or brought into patient care The dynamic environment has made solid waste planning more difficult and has highlighted the fact that the state solid waste management plan must also be a dynamic document. It is anticipated that the plan will need to be updated prior to the minimum mandate of every five years. The type and composition of the solid waste generated by individual states can vary greatly. This variation is a function of several factors including climatic conditions, population characteristics, type of industries and businesses located within the state, landownership, culture, and others. This research will describe the types and quantities of solid waste generated within hospital. Reliable estimates of the this waste being generated is a crucial component of any solid waste plan. These projections determine the expected life of facilities, future operation costs and revenues, and ultimately the selection of the integrated solid waste management system to be used.Öğe THE IMPORTANCE OF APPROPRIATE AREA PLANNING AND GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEMS IN GROWING ORNAMENTAL PLANTS IN TURKEY(HEALTH & ENVIRONMENT ASSOC, 2016) Yazici, Kubra; Gulgun, Bahriye; Dursun, SukruInformation technology is a fast growing sector gaining a large commercial share in today's developing world. The ornamental plants sector benefits from technology to a great extent. Geographical Information Systems (GIS), used mainly in the management of location based information, is also an important tool in terms of determining appropriate production areas for outdoor ornamental plants, bulbous plants, and cut flower sector. Today, the growing demand for ornamental plants has increased the need for new facilities. The selection of greenhouse area and nursery facilities has an important part among the planned facilities. The organizations today lacking technology based foundations do not look promising in terms of continuity and sustainability. Therefore, it is an important consequence that the ornamental plants facilities structured without a plan will adversely affect both plant growing process and meeting the demand in the region. This study investigated the importance of GIS (Geographical Information Systems) in ornamental plants sector and the criteria that can be used in GIS, and it intended to guide future research.Öğe Influence of lycopene and cysteamine on sperm and oxidative stress parameters during liquid storage of ram semen at 5 degrees C(ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, 2016) Peker Akalin, Pinar; Bucak, Mustafa Numan; Gungor, Sukru; Baspinar, Nuri; Coyan, Kenan; Dursun, Sukru; Ili, PinarEjaculates were collected from six Merino rams with the aid of an artificial vagina twice a week. The ejaculates containing spermatozoa with >80% forward progressive motility and concentrations higher than 2 x 10(6) spermatozoa/ml were pooled. The present study included two experiments. In experiment 1, each pooled ejaculate was divided into four equal aliquots and diluted (37 degrees C) with the Tris based extender, containing 0 (control), 0.5, 1 and 2 mM lycopene, at a final concentration of approximately 400 x 10(6) sperms/ml (single step dilution), In experiment 2, cysteamine at concentrations of 0 (control), 0.5,1 and 2 mM, was used as an additive in the extender, and the procedure explained above was applied for the division of aliquots and the dilution of semen. Diluted semen samples were kept in glass tubes and cooled from 37 degrees to 5 degrees C in a cold cabinet, and maintained at 5 degrees C. Sperm and oxidative stress parameters were evaluated after 0, 24, 48 and 72 h of storage at 5 degrees C. The extender supplemented with 0.5 mM lycopene resulted in higher mitochondrial activity rate (p<0.05) in comparison to the control group at 72 h of storage. Lycopene at 0.5 mM dose led to higher sperm motility rate (p<0.05) when compared to 2 mM lycopene group at 72 h of liquid storage. As regards oxidative stress parameters, only 2 mM lycopene increased total glutathione levels (p<0.05) at 0 h of storage. The extender supplemented with 1 mM cysteamine gave higher motility (p<0.05) at 48 h compared to control. As regards oxidative stress parameters, 1 and 2 mM cysteamine at 48 h and 1 mM cysteamine at 72 h increased total glutathione levels (p<0.05) compared to control groups. Cysteamine at 1 and 2 mM doses decreased lipid peroxidation (p<0.05) at 0 h of liquid storage compared to control. Our data suggest that lycopene at 0.5 and 2 mM and cysteamine at 1 and 2 mM doses can be added to Tris based extender for improving the ram sperm motility, viability, mitochondrial activity and oxidative stress parameters during the liquid storage. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Öğe KONYA CITY URBAN SPRAWL AND ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION RELATION(HEALTH & ENVIRONMENT ASSOC, 2016) Ayturan, Zeynep Cansu; Cay, Tayfun; Dursun, SukruKonya is the biggest city of Turkey with respect to surface area which covers 5% of total surface area of Turkey. Moreover, population of the city is increasing day by day with immigrations and births. This extreme growth of population causes some problems in city planning and urban development. Urban sprawl is one of the most significant consequences of wrong urban planning in order to provide demand of settlement. It is defined as insatiable and inefficient use of land with continuous monotonous development and discontinues rapid development. Urban sprawl has seen mostly at the centre districts of Konya (Meram, Karatay, Selcuklu) and around Seydisehir ring road. This sprawl problem of Konya city has many effects on humans and also environment. These effects include both social and economic aspects. For example, increasing air pollutants because of the urban sprawl and unplanned settlement may create health problems on people and spoil air quality of the city. Destruction of ecological life and natural environment, pollution in rivers and streams are some of the other environmental problems caused by urban sprawl. In this study, environmental pollution originating from urban sprawl problem in Konya city was investigated and possible recommendations to solve urban sprawl problem was explained.Öğe Methane production from anaerobic treatment of volatile organic compounds(MULTI SCIENCE PUBL CO LTD, 2006) Ozdemir, Celalettin; Dursun, Sukru; Sen, NejdetWorldwide increasing energy problems prompts researchers to find new and renewable energy sources. There are many new studies on energy investigation using different materials and technology. These studies were quite important for continuing development, comfortable life and industrial improvement. This investigation considers the removal of volatile organic compounds frequently found in many wastewaters and methane production following the wastewater treatment. The study was performed on the up flow anaerobic condition sludge blanket reactors. Used volatile organic compounds are trichloroethylene, chloroform, dichloromethane, and TCE. Removal ratio of these compounds were 87.8% trichloroethylene, 96.5% chloroform, 67.1% dichloromethane, and 97.3% tetrachlorethylene. Methane ratios in the gas production were 67.1% for TCE, 72.4% for chloroform, 69.6% dichloromethane and 69.8% tetrachlorethylene.
