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    Effects of dietary yeast autolysate (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) and black cumin seed (Nigella sativa L.) on performance, egg traits, some blood characteristics and antibody production of laying hens
    (ELSEVIER, 2012) Yalcin, S.; Yalcin, S.; Uzunoglu, K.; Duyum, H. M.; Eltan, O.
    This study was designed to determine the effects of using yeast autolysate and black cumin seed in laying hen diets on laying performance, egg traits, some blood characteristics and antibody production to sheep red blood cells (SRBC). A total of 112 Brown Nick laying hens, 23 wks of age, were allocated to one of 4 diet groups in 2 levels of yeast autolysate (0 and 2 g/kg, Saccharomyces cerevisiae. InteWall) and 2 levels of black cumin seed (0 and 15 g/kg, Nigella sativa L) for 18 wks according to a 2 x 2 factorial arrangement. Each group was divided into 7 replicates of 4 hens each. The diets were formulated to be isocaloric and isonitrogenous. Dietary treatments did not affect body weight, feed intake, egg production, mortality, excreta moisture, interior and exterior egg quality characteristics, egg yolk triglyceride or yolk malondialdehyde concentration. Yeast autolysate supplementation improved (P<0.05) egg weight and feed efficiency but the usage of black cumin seed in the diets decreased (P<0.05) egg weight. Dietary yeast autolysate or black cumin seed decreased egg yolk cholesterol level, blood serum levels of cholesterol, triglyceride and aspartate amino transferase (AST) and increased blood serum levels of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and antibody titers to SRBC. The ratio of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) to saturated fatty acids (SFA) increased with black cumin seed. It is concluded that 2 g/kg yeast autolysate (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) or 15 g/kg black cumin seed (Nigella sativa L) had beneficial effects on egg cholesterol content and humoral immune response. The usage of yeast autolysate also improved egg weight and feed efficiency. The significant interactions were found in egg yolk cholesterol and anti SRBC titer between the usage of yeast autolysate and black cumin seed. (C) 2012 Elsevier BM. All rights reserved.
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    Effects of dietary yeast autolysate (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) on performance, carcass and gut characteristics, blood profile, and antibody production to sheep red blood cells in broilers
    (OXFORD UNIV PRESS, 2013) Yalcin, S.; Eser, H.; Yalcin, S.; Cengiz, S.; Eltan, O.
    This study was conducted to determine the effects of dietary yeast autolysate on performance, carcass and gut traits, blood parameters, and humoral immune response of broilers. A total of 175 day-old Ross 308 male broiler chicks were allocated into one control group and 4 treatment groups each containing 5 replicate groups of 7 chicks. A basal diet was supplemented with 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4 g/kg of yeast autolysate (Saccharomyces cerevisiae, InteWall) to generate dietary treatments. The experimental period lasted 42 d. Supplemental yeast autolysate improved live weight gain (P < 0.01) and feed conversion (P < 0.001) during the starter period (1 to 21 d). Cumulative FCR was decreased (P < 0.05) during the overall period (1 to 42 d) with 2 and 3 g/kg of yeast autolysate supplementation when compared with the control diet. There were no dietary effects on final live weight, feed intake, excreta pH, excreta moisture, carcass yield, and the relative weight of gizzard, liver, heart, spleen, bursa of Fabricius, and the intestinal weights. Yeast autolysate supplementation decreased relative weight of abdominal fat (P < 0.001) and Escherichia coli count of the digesta (P < 0.01) and increased antibody titers to SRBC (P < 0.001). The pH of jejunal and ileal digesta was decreased at the 2, 3, and 4 g/kg of yeast autolysate supplementation compared with that of birds fed the control diet (P < 0.001). Dietary treatments did not significantly affect blood serum levels of cholesterol, triglyceride, protein, uric acid, aspartate amino transferase, and alanine amino transferase. It was concluded that the dietary supplementation at the level of 2 and 3 g/kg of yeast autolysate was an effective feed additive in broiler feeding because of the increased growth performance, increased immunocompetence, and the reduction of E. coli colonization in the intestine.