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    Important factors affecting biosolid nitrogen mineralization in soils
    (TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC, 2004) Er, F; Ogut, M; Mikayilov, FD; Mermut, AR
    Biosolid nitrogen (N) ammonification, followed by nitrification in soil, produces nitrate (NO3-), which is not only a plant nutrient, but also a contaminant for ground water. Determining the most relevant factors influencing mineralization will help to manage N in biosolid-treated soils. Biosolid application rate, biosolid carbon (C):N ratio, biosolid organic N content, biosolid type, soil organic N content, soil pH, temperature, and time were compared among 12 published studies. Biosolid application rate, biosolid C:N ratio, and temperature significantly affected the mineralization rate and accounted up to 87% of the final model variability (R-2 = 79.1). Although the partial coefficients for soil pH and a dummy variable for biosolid were significant in the final model, their total contribution to the sum of partial coefficients was low (13%). There is insufficient evidence to conclude that soil organic N content and time contribute to biosolid N mineralization variability.
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    Nodulation and growth of bean plants inoculated with genetically modified rhizobium etli strains and azospirillum brasilense
    (PISA UNIV PRESS, 2004) Er, F; Kilic, M; Brohi, AR; Ogut, M
    Azospirillum co-inoculation with the wild type Rhizobium strains increased the nodulation and growth in bean plants compared to plants inoculated with Rhizobium alone. The two genetically modified bacteria were producing strain, R. etli TFX, with enhanced competitiveness and a sodium azide A trifolitoxin resistant strain, R. etli CFN030, with nitrogen fixation ability. The objective of this study was to test whether the Azospirillum co-inoculation with either genetically modified rhizobial strain affects plant growth. A completely randomized pot experiment with 5 replications was conducted. The plant growth medium was a mixture of soil, sand, and perlite. Five plants were each harvested at 15, 30, and 45 days after inoculation (DAI). There was not a significant difference in nodule number between treatments (p = 0.05). Nodules incited by R. etli CFN030 weighed more nodules incited by than the R. etli TFX. Azospirillum co-inoculation did not significantly change the nodule weights. The plants inoculated with R. etli CFN030 accumulated the highest root, shoot, and total weights at each sampling date except for root mass at 30 DAI There was significant difference in shoot and root N content between some bacterial treatments and control at 15 and 30 DAI, but this was less pronounced at 45 DAI Azospirillum co-inoculation effect on nodulation and plant growth of bean is not as straightforward for the genetically engineered rhizobia as it is for wild type rhizobia.