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Öğe ASSESSMENT OF HEAVY METAL ACCUMULATION IN SOME EDIBLE PLANTS AND MEDIA SAMPLES IN THE VICINITY OF SEYDISEHIR ALUMINUM PLANT, KONYA(PARLAR SCIENTIFIC PUBLICATIONS (P S P), 2013) Sağlam, Coşkun; Er, Fatih; Çelebi, Muhittin; Gümüşcü, Ahmet; Özcan, Mehmet MusaIn this study, the concentrations of cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), nickel (Ni), manganese (Mn), lead (Pb) and zinc (Zn) in some selected nature and cultivated plants and media samples were determined by inductively-coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) in Seydisehir industrial area. It was found that (p<0.05) mean Fe concentration was higher in the soils, followed by Mn, Ni, Zn, Cr, Cu, Pb and Cd, on dry weight basis. In some soil samples, the concentrations of Cd, Cr and Ni exceeded the permissible limits; however, their accumulation in plants was lower due to the physical and chemical properties of the soils, which prevented their translocation to plants. Although the concentration of Mn was found within the safe limits in fruiting vegetables, it was above the recommended international standards in some leafy plant specimens. Portulaca oleracea has shown its potential as phyto-remediation species for most of the selected heavy metals in the study area.Öğe Assessment of resistance of wheat genotypes (T. aestivum and T. durum) to copper toxicity(WFL PUBL, 2013) Karaman, M. Rustu; Tusat, Ekrem; Er, Fatih; Turan, Metin; Dizman, MuminCopper (Cu) availability to plants depends on a large number of factors and their interactive relationships. Especially, localized excess soil Cu is often a great risk for plant growth on the agricultural lands. Development of resistant varieties to Cu toxicity is a high priority on these regions, where the soils have high levels of Cu. Thus, this study aimed to assess the resistance of wheat genotypes to Cu toxicity using the agronomic and physiologic parameters. For this aim, a pot experiment, based on a completely randomized design with three replications, was conducted using the soil of calcareous usthochrepts. In the study, twenty different wheat genotypes of T. aestivum and T. durum were used. Copper fertilizer at the levels of 0 (-Cu) and 20 mg Cu kg(-1) (+Cu) as CuSO4 center dot 5H(2)O was applied to the pots. After harvest, plant dry matter yield was recorded, and total Cu concentrations in tops of wheat plants were determined. The results indicated the existence of a large genotypic variation among wheat genotypes to their physiologic and agronomic susceptibility to Cu toxicity. Resistance of bread wheat cultivars of T. aestivum to Cu toxicity were higher than that of wheat cultivars of T. durum under the Cu toxicity condition. Thus, evaluation of assessment of new wheat cultivars to Cu toxicity could also be used in breeding programs in order to develop more Cu-tolerant cultivars.Öğe Chemical Composition of the Essential Oil of Salvia Cryptantha(Har Krishan Bhalla & Sons, 2010) Saadia, Zrira; Özcan, Mehmet Musa; Bağcı, Yavuz; Ünver, Ahmet; Arslan, Derya; Durak, Gülşah; Er, Fatih; Sağlam, CoşkunThe essential oil for the present investigation was obtained from the air-dried leave + flowers of Salvia cryptantha as described in the experimental. Composition of water-distilled essential oils of S. cryptantha growing wild in Turkey were analysed by GC and GC-MS. At least 16 compounds were isolated and identified, corresponding to 98.5 % of the oil. The major compounds were camphor (25.6 %), 1,8-cineole (20.3 %), beta-pinene (12.8 %), n-hexane (10.6 %), heptane (8.9 %), borneol (5.1 %) and alpha-pinene (4.1 %). The oils consisted of monoterpenic hydrocarbons and oxygenated monoterpenes.Öğe Comparison of Biochemical Parameters and Volatile Compounds of Some Hybrid Tomato Varieties(ANKARA UNIV, FAC AGR, 2017) Kara, Meryem; Sahin, Huseyin; Dinc, Saliha; Yildiz, Oktay; Can, Zehra; Er, FatihEvaluating morphological and quality parameters such as shape, colour, size and yield are all common practices when assessing the quality of fruit and vegetables. In recent times, however, consumer interest in foods with high levels of bioactive components, high mineral content and acceptable flavor has increased considerably. In order to make a contribution to the production of fruit and vegetables with excellent morphological properties and high levels of bioactive compounds, two different hybrid tomato varieties (Ege F1 and Alida F1) cultivated in Turkey were compared in terms of their biochemical parameters (phenolic compounds, ascorbic acid, ss-carotene, lycopene, minerals) and volatiles. While the Alida F1 was rated the highest for lycopene and mineral values, the Ege F1 was outstanding in terms of phenolic compounds and volatiles. Ascorbic acid content of both cultivars ranged from 7.13 to 11.94 mg 100 g(-1) fw. The quantity in the Ege hybrid was remarkable. Chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, p-coumaric acid, rutin and trans ferulic acid were the main phenolic compounds in both cultivars. Potassium (K) (4.09%) was the most predominant mineral in both hybrid tomatoes. Hexenal had the highest concentration value among tested volatiles followed by 2-hexenal, (6-methyl)-trans-5-Hepten-2-one. Comparison of biochemical parameters and volatiles of both varieties will give breeders an opportunity to choose the desired traits of tomatoes to cultivate for both taste and nutritional value.Öğe COMPARISON OF GIS BASED INTERPOLATION METHODS IN ASSESSING OF SITE SPECIFIC PHOSPHORUS VARIABILITY ON THE APPLE ORCHARD(PARLAR SCIENTIFIC PUBLICATIONS (P S P), 2013) Karaman, M. Rustu; Horuz, Ayhan; Susam, Tekin; Er, Fatih; Tusat, EkremEvaluating of geostatistical approaches in monitoring of spatial variability of some chemical contaminants such as agricultural phosphorus (P) will provide valuable data for large agricultural areas. In this study, performance of varied GIS based geostatistical interpolation methods were tested in assessing of site specific P variability on the apple orchard. For this aim, soil samples were systematically collected from the agricultural apple area using the grid sampling system. The samples were taken at two depths (025 cm and 25-50 cm), the distance on the Y direction is 10 m and in the X direction is 20 m. The soil samples were prepared for analysis, and some physical and chemical analyses were made in the samples by routine methods. The data concerning with soil P levels were analyzed comparatively according to GIS based interpolation methods of Ordinary Kriging (OK), Simple Kriging (SK) and Universal Kriging (UK). The interpolation methods were also tested with varied semivariogram models of Spherical, Exponential and Gaussian. As a result of cross validations, the best optimal method was found to be interpolation method of UK (Universal RMSE, +/- 0.472) with semivariogram model of guassian for topsoil, whereas it was found to be interpolation method of SK (Simple RMSE, +/-0.323) with semivariogram model of exponential for topsoil. Predicted P values were significantly (p< 0.01) correlated with measured values for both topsoil (r = 0.993) and subsoil (r = 0.980), respectively. Soil P distribution maps were adequately performed by using selected kriging interpolation methods and suitable sernivariogram models. The results indicated that monitoring of site specific P variability on the apple orchard using these GIS based interpolation methods will help to create the effective schemes for agricultural chemical managements such as P fertilization resulting in optimal yield and quality with reduced environmental pollution.Öğe Composition and Characteristics of Some Seed Oils(ASIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY, 2011) Erol, Ahmet Sami; Özcan, Mehmet Musa; Er, FatihPhysico-chemical characteristics and fatty acid composition of some seed oils (corn, cotton, olive, poppy, pumpkin, rape, safflower, sunflower, tea seed, walnut and wheatgerm) were determined. The oil content of samples ranged from 10.73 % (wheatgerm) to 61.3 % (walnut). Refractive index, relative density, saponification and iodine values were determined in the seed oils. The main fatty acids identified by gas chromatography were palmitic acid, oleic acid and linoleic acid. The linoleic acid content of oils were found high compared with other acids.Öğe Constituents of the Essential oil of Origanum vulgare subsp hirtum Growing Wild in Turkey(TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD, 2012) Özcan, Mehmet Musa; Pedro, Luis Gaspar; Al Juhaimi, Fahad Y.; Endeş, Züleyha; Erol, Ahmet Sami; Duman, Erman; Er, FatihThe essential oil obtained from leaves of Origanum vulgare subsp. hirtum was analysed by GC-MS. Twenty-eight components were identified accounting for 99.4 % and 99.5 %, the oils of two region (Buyukcccli and Dclikkaya), respectively. The major components were carvacrol (51.4 % and 63.3 %), linalool (28.3 % and 2.3 %),gamma- terpinene (6.0 % and 9.9 %) and p-cymene (4.8 % and 8.7 %). The oils contained mainly oxygenated monoterpenoids and monoterpenoid hydrocarbons.Öğe Determination of Cadmium, Copper, Iron, Nickel and Zinc in Turkish Grape Seeds(ASIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY, 2011) Tuşat, Ekrem; Özcan, Mehmet Musa; Er, Fatih; Gökmen, FatmaThe rate of heavy metal pollution in some grape seed samples cultivated in Turkey were determined by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES). Iron, zinc and copper were found high levels in the seed samples. The highest content in the majority was established as iron. On the contrary, cadmium and nickel were established low concentrations. The cadmium contents had markedly lower. The lowest and the highest cadmium concentrations were 0.12 ppm in the Gokuzum from Konya (Taskent) and 0.49 ppm Nazli sample from Meram (Konya), respectively. Iron contents of grape seeds ranged from 21,65 ppm (Akuzum) (Hatip-Konya) to 192.16 ppm (Gokuzum) (Taskent-Konya). In addition, Eksikara seed contained 140.45 ppm iron.Öğe Determination of Chemical, Physical and Biological Characteristics of Some Pekmez (Molasses) From Turkey(2009) Aliyazıcıoğlu, Rezzan; Kolaylı, Sevgi; Kara, Meryem; Yıldız, Oktay; Sarıkaya, Ali Osman; Cengiz, Sevil; Er, FatihAntioxidant capacity, chemical and physical properties of 6 certificated and 1 uncertificated pekmez (molasses) samples of Turkish varieties were analyzed. All pekmez samples had similar chemical compositions. Total phenolic contents varied from 138 to 243 mg of gallic acid equivalents/100 g samples. The apricot pekmez had the highest phenolic content (243 ± 16), while the carob pekmez exhibited the highest DPPH (0.08 ± 0.01 mg g-1) radical scavenging activity. DPPH radical scavenging activity was also found to be related to concentrations of the samples. Especially, selenium and other minerals content were found slightly higher in grape pekmez than the others. Present results showed that all the certificated and uncertificated pekmez samples had no any risk in public health and besides their high content of sugar. Each pekmez had antioxidant and high amount of polyphenols and minerals.Öğe Evaluation of Geostatistical Mapping Strategies in Monitoring of Spatial Distributions of Iron and Zinc on a Calcareous Barley Field(Wfl Publ, 2010) Susam, Tekin; Karaman, M. Rüştü; Er, Fatih; İşeri, İsmailGeostatistical information on spatial distributions of chemical properties of agricultural soils is important for refining farm managements and precision farming. Site specific monitoring of field soils, that is one of the main steps of precision agriculture, provides more accurate information especially for balancing iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn) levels on the varied soil and plant conditions. In this study, spatial variability of Fe and Zn levels on a calcareous barley field under the barley plants were monitored by performing geostatistical mapping strategies. For this aim, soil samples were systematically taken from the study area at two depths (0-20 and 20-40 cm), on a grid system 10 m x 10 m intervals in the E-W and N-S directions. Descriptive statistics indicated that the coefficient of variation for Fe was low as compared for Zn in both subsoil layer samples. The CV values for Fe and Zn levels were 25% and 33% in topsoil and 23% and 29% in subsoil, respectively. Geostatistical analysis techniques were used in predicting the spatial structure of Fe and Zn levels of soil and plant. The spatial distribution maps were obtained by using Simple Kriging Method (SKM) with spherical semivariogram model for topsoil Fe, SKM with Gaussian semivariogram model for topsoil Zn. The Fe levels of topsoil and Zn levels of subsoil had moderate positional dependence, whereas Zn levels of topsoil and Fe levels of subsoil had weak dependence on the experimental field. The obtained range values were close to each other except for subsoil Fe and changed between 21 m and 15 m. The Fe and Zn levels of barley plants had moderate positional dependence. The results showed that site specific Fe and Zn levels of the field soil could be spatially varied within the small sampling points. The results have revealed that the data values of non-sampled points could be estimated by using SK method and suitable semivariogram model. Evaluation of geostatistical mapping strategies in monitoring of spatial distributions of Fe and Zn levels on a field will improve the decision support for field management practices in a more healthy and moderate way. It will also help to eliminate unequal micronutrient sources of the field soil, which is valuable for balanced crop nutrient consumption.Öğe Hadin Aladağ yöresi üzüm bağlarının beslenme problemlerinin belirlenmesi üzerine bir araştırma(Selçuk Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, 1998-04-24) Er, Fatih; Bayraklı, FethiBu çalışma Hadim Aladağ Bölgesindeki üzüm bağlarının beslenme problemlerini belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Farklı üzüm çeşitlerinin yetiştirildiği 52 bağdan farklı derinliklerden toprak örnekleri, meyve tutumu ve Ben Düşme döneminde bitki örnekleri ve hasat şurasında ise üzüm örnekleri alınmıştır. Toprakta bazı fiziksel ve kimyasal özellikler belirlenmiştir. Bitki örneklerinde ise yaprak sapı ve yaprak ayasında besin element kapsamları tespit edilmiştir; ve sınır değerleri ile karşılaştırılmıştır. Üzüm örneklerinde ise kalite özellik lerinden şırada pH, titre edilebilir asitlik ( g / lt ) ve suda çözünebilir kuru madde ( % ) ayrıca omca başına kg cinsinden verim değerleri elde edilmiştir. Analiz sonuçlarına göre kumlu tın, kumlu killi tın, bünyeye, hafif alkali, organik maddece fakir, % 74' ü orta ve fazla kirece sahip olan bağ topraklarının % 63.5 fosfor, % 69.2 çinko, % 12.5 demir, % 62.5 inde bor eksikliği tespit edilmiştir. Bitki örneklerinde ise % 62 fosfor, % 65.4 çinko, % 65.4 bor ve % 27 demir eksikliği ;diğer elementlerin ise yeterli düzeyde olduğu elde edilmiştir. Meyve tutumu döneminden Ben Düşme dönemine doğru N, P ve K içeriği azalan bir değişim gösterirken ; Ca ve Mğ içeriğinde ise bir artış saptanmıştır. Ayrıca Fe ve Mn kapsa mında artış,B içeriğinde bir azalma ;Zn ve Cu içeriğinde ise yaprak aya ve sapma göre farklılıklar görülmüştür. Üzüm örneklerinin kalite değerlerinde ise ; titre edilebilir asitlik ( g / lt ) düşük, suda çözünebilir kuru madde ( % ) orta ve yüksek seviyede tespit edilmiştir. Omca başına değerleri 6-40 kg arasında değişim göstermiştir. Meyve tutumu dönemindeki yaprak sapı Zn ve Ben Düşme dönemindeki yaprak ayası Ca kapsamı ile verim değerleri arasında istatistiki yönden önemli pozitif ilişkiler tespit edilmiştir.Öğe Increased proton extrusion of wheat roots by inoculation with phosphorus solubilising microorganims(SPRINGER, 2011) Ogut, Mehmet; Er, Fatih; Neumann, GuenterThere is not much information on the mechanism(s) by which phosphate solubilizing microorganisms (PSM) increase plant phosphorus (P) uptake. Studies with PSM inoculated wheat plants grown in both microcosms and rhizoboxes were conducted to determine whether inoculations with PSMs acidify rhizosphere. Significant (P < 0.05) increases by bacterial inoculation were obtained in rate of proton efflux by roots (by the strains # 67, 189, and 73), plant P uptake (by # 169 and 189), K uptake (by # 67, 189, 73, 169, and 145), and uptake of P against the uptake of Ca and Mg (by # 67, 189, 73, 169, and 145) in a calcerous soil without fertilization. Only Bacillus sp. # 189 significantly (P < 0.05) raised available P in the rhizosphere. Plant available P by Olsen extraction in the control and the # 189 inoculation were 6.3 and 8.0 mg kg(-1), respectively. The root induced acidification in nutrient solution with ammonium (NH (4) (+) -N) supply by inoculation of Bacillus sp. # 189 was confirmed in a rhizobox experiment when nitrogen source was NH (4) (+) -N. Enhanced proton extrusion by plant roots accompanied probably by the release of extra organic acid anions may contribute to mobilization and uptake of P in Bacillus sp. # 189 inoculated wheat plants in this study. The changes in total uptake and balance of nutrients in the PSM inoculations imply a modification of plant cell metabolism.Öğe Micronutrient composition of field-grown dry bean and wheat inoculated with Azospirillum and Trichoderma(WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH, 2006) Ogut, Mehmet; Er, FatihMicronutrient deficiency and malnutrition in humans are severe problems in many developing countries, particularly in areas with calcareous soils. There is almost no information on whether inoculation with plant growth-promoting Azospilillum and/or Trichoderma can help to reduce this problem by increasing the mineral concentration of the seeds. Field experiments were conducted in Tokat (Turkey) in 2001-2002 to determine whether inoculation with Azospirillum brasilense, Trichoderma harzianum, sole or in combination, and/or the application of P fertilizers can enhance micronutrient concentrations of field-grown bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) and wheat (Triticum aestivum). In beans, Azospirillum inoculation combined with P fertilization significantly (p < 0.05) increased seed concentrations of Mn, Zn, and Cu, from 8.8, 22.6, and 7.0 mg kg(-1) in the control to 10.3, 28.3, and 11.0 mg kg(-1), respectively. Trichoderma inoculation alone significantly (p < 0.05) reduced the concentrations of Fe, Mn, Zn, and Cu and the cumulative plant uptake of Fe and Zn in 45-day-old bean plants. However, it significantly (p < 0.05) increased bean-seed Cu content and accumulation. The double inoculation resulted in significantly (p < 0.05) higher micronutrient concentrations than Trichoderma inoculation alone in 45-day-old plants. In contrast to beans, the effects of microbial inoculations were less in wheat. However, dual inoculation significantly (p < 0.05) increased Zn content by 45% and Zn accumulation by 40% above the uninoculated control. Inoculation with plant growth-promoting microorganisms appears to be a promising strategy to combat micronutrient deficiencies.Öğe Mineral composition of field grown winter wheat inoculated with phosphorus solubilizing bacteria at different plant growth stages(TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC, 2016) Ogut, Mehmet; Er, FatihA two year field experiment was conducted in field conditions using wheat (Triticum aestivum ssp. vulgare L. cv. Bezostaja) as the test plant for the evaluation of phosphate solubilizing (+PS) microorganisms. Bacterial strains significantly (P < 0.05) increased plant biomass (by 13 to 36%) without plant P enrichment. Only Bacillus sp. #189 significantly (P < 0.05) raised plant P-content, biomass and rhizosphere soil Olsen P at Zadoks Scale 62 simultaneously. Inoculations variably increased plant potassium (K-), magnesium (Mg-), zinc (Zn-), and managenese (Mn-) contents at harvest (Zadoks 92) but not earlier (Zadoks 31 and 61). The enrichment of the inoculated plants with nutrients other than P indicates the presence of alternative plant growth promoting mechanisms. This study showed that promising phosphate solubilizing microorganisms could increase not only the P content of the plants, but also the soil available P in rhizosphere transiently.Öğe Mineral Contents of Different Parts of Capers (Capparis Ovata Desf.)(WFL PUBL, 2010) Öğüt, Mehmet; Er, FatihThe purpose of this study was to establish the mineral contents of young shoot, bud and fruit of Capparis ovata plants growing wild in Turkey. The mineral contents of bud, fruit and young shoots of C. ovata growing wild in Turkey were established by Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry (ICP-AES). All seeds contained high amounts of Ca, K, Mg, Na and P, and very high contents of Ca, K, Mg, Na and P were found in all the caper parts. In addition, Cd, Cr and Pb contents of samples were very low. Potassium contents of samples were high in most cases and ranged from 4057.1 to 37368.1 ppm. Magnesium content ranged from 19.4 ppm (middle bud) to 1559.6 ppm (large bud). As a result, caper parts were found to be important sources of nutrients and essential elements. Also, it is apparent that caper parts are good sources of the macro and micro minerals and can be consumed as a food ingredient to provide nutrition.Öğe Mineralizable carbon in biosolids/fly ash/sugar beet lime treated soil under field conditions(ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, 2015) Ogut, Mehmet; Er, FatihFly ash (FA) from coal burning power plants is generally used for biosolids stabilization to reduce numbers of pathogens and availabilities of heavy metals contained in biosolids. The objective of this study was to determine the suitability of sugar beet lime (SBL) from sugar beet processing factories as fly ash substitute. Post-harvest soil samples were employed in a 180 d incubation study for each of two year field experiments. A first order logistic model was used to estimate sizes of labile and delayed logistic C pools. All treatments with one exception significantly (P < 0.05) reduced plant biomass compared to the mineral fertilization treatment in the first year under maximum water stress conditions. However, biosolids (7.5 Mg ha (1)), biosolids + FA (7.5 Mg ha (1)), and biosolids + SBL (7.5 Mg ha (1)) significantly (P < 0.05) raised plant biomass compared to the mineral fertilization in the second year under minimum water stress. Applications of biosolids together with either FA (7.5 and 15 Mg ha (1)) or SBL (7.5 and 15 Mg ha (1)) significantly (P < 0.05) increased sizes of labile and delayed logistic pools in the first year, but they did not in the second year. The sizes of potentially mineralizable carbon pools were bigger in the second year probably due to increased accumulation of wheat root biomass originating from enhanced soil water regime. Carbon mineralization in soils treated with biosolid/fly ash/sugar beet lime at agronomic application rates depends also on plant biomass accumulation, which affects total root biomass and rhizodeposition. Sugar beet lime containing 70% CaO and 5% organic carbon seems to be a good biosolids stabilizing agent compared to fly ash in terms of plant biomass accumulation and mineralizable carbon. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Öğe Monitoring of Site Specific Fe and Zn Variability on the Apple Area Using the Gis Based Spatial Pattern Maps(AGRONOMSKI FAKULTET SVEUCILISTA U ZAGREBU, 2010) Susam, Tekin; Karaman, M. Ruestue; Er, Fatih; İşeri, İsmailGeostatistical approaches is the key issues of the modeling implementation in recent years, and it allows to figure out the spatially distribution of soil parameters. These methods will help to agricultural managements in a more healthy and moderate way, especially in precision farmings. In tilts study, spatial variability of soil chemical properties such as iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn) were examined on the agricultural apple area. Site specific variations of Fe and Zn on this area were predicted by performing GIS based spatial pattern maps. For this aim, the soil samples were systematically taken from the study area at two depths (0-25 and 25-50 cm). The grid system was used for locating the sample position. As a result of descriptive statistics, the coefficient of variation was lower for Fe levels when compared with Zn levels in both top and subsoil layers. The coefficient of variations for Fe and Zn levels were 24.7%, 42.5% for topsoil and 20.6%, 2.9.6% for subsoil, respectively. There was also a significant correlation (R-2=0.30, p<0.05) between topsoil Zn and subsoil Zn. Geostatistical analysis techniques were used for predicting the spatial structure of soil Fe and Zn levels. The spatial distribution maps were constructed by using Simple Kriging Method (SKM) with spherical semivariogram model for topsoil Fe, SKM with guassian semivariogram model for topsoil Zn. Based on the selected kriging method and semivariogram models, soil Fe and Zn levels were spatially varied within the study area. The maximum range was reached at 29 m for Fe level at the topsoil layer. The ranges were varied between 27 m and 23 m for top and subsoil Zn levels, respectively. The results have also revealed that soil chemical properties measured could he spatially varied within the small sampling points. For more accurate results, these geostatistical methods should be tested for varied conditions and spatial databases.Öğe Oil Content, Saturated and Unsaturated Fatty Acids of Some Linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) Genotypes(ASIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY, 2013) Endeş, Züleyha; Er, Fatih; Özcan, Mehmet Musa; Al Juhaimi, Fahad Y.The main fatty acid components of genotypes identified by gas chromatography were linolenic acid (48.3 %), linoleic acid (11.5 %), oleic acid (30 %), palmitic acid (5.8 %), stearic acid (6.7 %), palmitoleic acid (0.41 %). According to the results, oil rates of genotypes were in the range of 24.5-28.8 and 12.5 % of these ratio was saturated, 90 % was unsaturated fatty acids. It was determined that microbial fertilizer had importance on stearic (p < 0.01) and linolenic (p < 0.05) fatty acids statistically.Öğe Phosphate Solubilization Potentials of Soil Acinetobacter Strains(Springer, 2010) Öğüt, Mehmet; Er, Fatih; Kandemir, NejdetMany phosphate solubilizing microorganisms (PSM) require external pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ) for strong phosphorus (P) solubilization in vitro. The objective of this study was to isolate efficient and PQQ-independent PSM. A total of 21 PSM were isolated from the rhizosphere soil of wheat and maize grown in the pots. Acinetobacter strains were the only PQQ-independent and most effective solubilizers of tricalcium phosphate containing agar. The mean P dissolved in liquid cultures of Acinetobacter strains in a 5-day incubation ranged from 167 to 888 mu g/ml P. The pH dropped to below 4.7 from 7.8 in six isolates, which produced gluconic acid in concentrations ranging between 27.5 and 37.5 mM. There was a linear regression between soluble P and gluconic acid concentrations in the bacterial cultures (P < 0.05; R (2) = 0.59). Inoculation with Acinetobacter sp. WR922 significantly (P < 0.05) increased wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) P content by 27% at 15 days after emergence (DAE) and dry matter by 15% at 30 DAE compared to the control. The plant P content in inoculated plants at 30 DAE was linearly correlated with soluble P of the bacterial cultures (P < 0.05; R (2) = 0.69). Gluconic acid production directly affected phosphate solubilization in vitro, which in turn influenced plant P content of inoculated plants in PQQ-independent P-solubilizing Acinetobacter strains.Öğe Physical and Chemical Properties of Some Seed and Kernel Oils(Asian Journal of Chemistry, 2010) Özcan, Mehmet Musa; Endes, Züleyha; Er, FatihNine varieties of the seed and oils (flax, soybean, rice bran, peanut, grape, sesame, almond, sorghum, pistachio) were carried out for a comparative results on their physico-chemical and nutrition value. The oil content of oils ranged from 13.7% (rice bran) to 53.7 % (almond). The protein contents varied between 9.7 % (sorghum) to 22.3 % (peanut). Seeds were evaluated for oil, protein, crude ash and crude fibre. Refraxtive index, relative density, unsaponifiable matter, peroxide value, saponification value and pH values were determined in the seed oils. The main fatty acids identified by gas chromatography were palmitic acid. oleic acid and linoleic acid. The oleic acid content of oils were found high compared with other acids.
