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Öğe Antiangiogenic Effect of Itraconazole on Corneal Neovascularization: A pilot Experimental Investigation(KARGER, 2014) Goktas, Sertan; Sakarya, Rabia; Erdogan, Ender; Sakarya, Yasar; Ozcimen, Muammer; Dursunoglu, Duygu; Kocacan, MetinPurpose: To investigate the antiangiogenic effect of itraconazole for the prevention of experimentally induced corneal neovascularization and whether the efficacy depends on the route of administration. Materials and Methods: Thirty-six rats were randomly divided into 6 groups with 6 rats in each group. Chemical cauterization of the cornea was performed using silver nitrate/potassium nitrate sticks, and the rats were subsequently treated daily with topical (10 mg/ml), subconjunctival (10 mg/ml) or intraperitoneal (19 mg/kg) itraconazole for 7 days. Control rats received topical, subconjunctival or intraperitoneal 0.9% saline. On the 8th day of the experiment, the rat corneas were photographed to determine the percentage area of the cornea covered by neovascularization. The maximum density of corneal neovascularization was determined by microscopy. Results:The median percentage of corneal neovascularization for group 1 was 31.5% (95% confidence interval, 27.5-35.5%); in group 3, it was 32% (23.5-39.8%); in group 5, it was 47% (36.3-60.0%). The percentages of corneal neovascularization in groups 2, 4 and 6 (the control groups) were 70% (95% confidence interval, 60.7-77.3%), 69% (63.0-77.7%) and 68% (56.5-78.5%), respectively. The area of neovascularization was smaller after itraconazole treatment as compared to saline treatment. Further, the area of neovascularization was smaller after topical and subconjunctival administration than after intraperitoneal administration. Histological evaluation of the corneas showed the most extensive corneal neovascularization in the control group. No local or systemic adverse effects were seen from either treatment group. Conclusion: ltraconazole reduces corneal neovascularization shortly after chemical burn. However, a larger experimental study is necessary to confirm the data of this investigation. (C) 2014 S. Karger AG, BaselÖğe Consequences of Neurite Transection In Vitro(MARY ANN LIEBERT INC, 2012) Cengiz, Nurettin; Ozturk, Gurkan; Erdogan, Ender; Him, Aydin; Oguz, Elif KavalIn order to quantify degenerative and regenerative changes and analyze the contribution of multiple factors to the outcome after neurite transection, we cultured adult mouse dorsal root ganglion neurons, and with a precise laser beam, we transected the nerve fibers they extended. Cell preparations were continuously visualized for 24 h with time-lapse microscopy. More distal cuts caused a more elongated field of degeneration, while thicker neurites degenerated faster than thinner ones. Transected neurites degenerated more if the uncut neurites of the same neuron simultaneously degenerated. If any of these uncut processes regenerated, the transected neurites underwent less degeneration. Regeneration of neurites was limited to distal cuts. Unipolar neurons had shorter regeneration than multipolar ones. Branching slowed the regenerative process, while simultaneous degeneration of uncut neurites increased it. Proximal lesions, small neuronal size, and extensive and rapid neurite degeneration were predictive of death of an injured neuron, which typically displayed necrotic rather than apoptotic form. In conclusion, this in vitro model proved useful in unmasking many new aspects and correlates of mechanically-induced neurite injury.Öğe Effects of exposure to 2100 MHz GSM-like radiofrequency electromagnetic field on auditory system of rats(ASSOC BRASILEIRA OTORRINOLARINGOLOGIA & CIRURGIA CERVICOFACIAL, 2017) Celiker, Metin; Ozgur, Abdulkadir; Tumkaya, Levent; Terzi, Suat; Yilmaz, Mustafa; Kalkan, Yildiray; Erdogan, EnderIntroduction: The use of mobile phones has become widespread in recent years. Although beneficial from the communication viewpoint, the electromagnetic fields generated by mobile phones may cause unwanted biological changes in the human body. Objective: In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effects of 2100 MHz Global System for Mobile communication (GSM-like) electromagnetic field, generated by an electromagnetic fields generator, on the auditory system of rats by using electrophysiological, histopathologic and immunohistochemical methods. Methods: Fourteen adult Wistar albino rats were included in the study. The rats were divided randomly into two groups of seven rats each. The study group was exposed continuously for 30 days to a 2100 MHz electromagnetic fields with a signal level (power) of 5.4 dBm (3.47 mW) to simulate the talk mode on a mobile phone. The control group was not exposed to the aforementioned electromagnetic fields. After 30 days, the Auditory Brainstem Responses of both groups were recorded and the rats were sacrificed. The cochlear nuclei were evaluated by histopathologic and immunohistochemical methods. Results: The Auditory Brainstem Responses records of the two groups did not differ significantly. The histopathologic analysis showed increased degeneration signs in the study group (p = 0.007). In addition, immunohistochemical analysis revealed increased apoptotic index in the study group compared to that in the control group (p = 0.002). Conclusion: The results support that long-term exposure to a GSM-like 2100 MHz electromagnetic fields causes an increase in neuronal degeneration and apoptosis in the auditory system. (C) 2016 Associacao Brasileira de Otorrinolaringologia e Cirurgia Cervico-Facial. Published by Elsevier Editora Ltda.Öğe Expression of Aquaporin 4 Channels in Rat Ependymal Cells of the 3rd Ventricle and Examination of the Effects on the Glymphatic System(WILEY, 2017) Tas, Fatih; Unlukal, Nejat; Atay, Seda; Erdogan, Ender[Abstract not Available]Öğe Inhibition of Corneal Neovascularization by Topical and Subconjunctival Tigecycline(HINDAWI LTD, 2014) Goktas, Sertan; Erdogan, Ender; Sakarya, Rabia; Sakarya, Yasar; Yilmaz, Mustafa; Ozcimen, Muammer; Unlukal, NejatObjective. To investigate the effects of topical and subconjunctival tigecycline on the prevention of corneal neovascularization. Materials and Methods. Following chemical burn, thirty-two rats were treated daily with topical instillation of 1 mg/mL tigecycline (group 1) or subconjunctival instillation of 1 mg/mL tigecycline (group 3) for 7 days. Control rats received topical (group 2) or subconjunctival (group 4) 0.9% saline. Digital photographs of the cornea were taken on the eighth day after treatment and analyzed to determine the percentage area of the cornea covered by neovascularization. Corneal sections were analyzed histopathologically. Results. The median percentages of corneal neovascularization in groups 1 and 3 were 48% (95% confidence interval (CI), 44.2-55.8%) and 33.5% (95% CI, 26.6-39.2%), respectively. The median percentages of corneal neovascularization of groups 1 and 3 were significantly lower than that of the control group (P = 0.03 and P < 0.001, resp.). Histologic examination of samples from groups 1 and 3 showed lower vascularity than that of control groups. Conclusion. Topical and subconjunctival administration of tigecycline seems to be showing promising therapeutic effects on the prevention of corneal neovascularization. Furthermore, subconjunctival administration of tigecycline is more potent than topical administration in the inhibition of corneal neovascularization.Öğe Investigation of the Hepatoprotective Effects of Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) in Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Liver Toxicity(SPRINGER, 2013) Cengiz, Nureddin; Kavak, Servet; Guzel, Ali; Ozbek, Hanefi; Bektas, Hava; Him, Aydin; Erdogan, EnderMore than 600 chemicals can cause damage in liver, one of which is carbon tetrachloride (CCl4). Hepatoprotective agents could prevent tissue damage and reduce morbidity and mortality rates; such agents may include alternative or folkloric treatments. We investigated sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) for its hepatoprotective effect in CCl4-induced experimental liver damage. To this end, 0.8 mg/kg of sesame fixed oil was provided intraperitoneally to rats whose livers were damaged by CCl4. Tissue and blood samples were taken at the end of the experiments and evaluated histologically and biochemically. Ballooning degenerations and an increase in lipid droplets in liver parenchyma and increases in serum alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase, and bilirubin were found in the CCl4 group. Biochemical and histopathological findings in the sesame fixed oil treated group were not significantly different from the CCl4 group. Sesame did not show a hepatoprotective effect in CCl4-induced liver toxicity.Öğe A New Device for Describing Physical Properties of Skin Under Tensile Stress(IEEE, 2018) Ugurlutan, Rifat; Erogul, Osman; Erdogan, EnderBurns, trauma, cancer, etc., which deteriorate the integrity of the skin. Skin expansion surgeries that are used for therapeutic purposes with natural inspiration in cases are usually inflated with a saline infusion of a silicone balloon placed under the skin. Although imitating nature is the most challenging part of this treatment, knowing whether there is a physiological limit or not is the answer that will produce physical activity on the ground. In other words, when the physical force is above a certain value, the balloon is inflated excessively, resulting in complications such as necrosis due to impaired perfusion when the pressure effect applied to the ball by the pulling forces and balloon is over, or balloon exposition due to deep tearing at higher levels. For this reason, its deep physical properties and knowledge of the changes during application will give a very valuable insight into whether a pathological effect will occur. Optical, electrical and tensile responses will emerge in response to the physical changes that can occur in the bubble as the balloon is inflated. While many versions of these three responses are the subject of many studies separately in the literature, the biggest obstacle to the simultaneous execution of the researches is undoubtedly the low cost and high cost of synchronous devices. The topic of this article is the design of an effective system that can be used for research in this sense and the validity of the tests made.Öğe A new method in CNS (Central nervous system) in vitro cultures in the mouse: Study of effectiveness(KAFKAS UNIV, VETERINER FAKULTESI DERGISI, 2010) Erdogan, Ender; Ozturk, Gurkan; Ragbetli, Murat CetinIn this study: to evaluate the effectiveness of collagen coating method, using in the peripheral nervous system cultures. and its involving factors caused from manipulations in central nervous system (CNS) cultures was aimed. Via frontal approach, brains, transected from young Swiss albino mice, were taken into artificial cerebro-spinal fluid immediately and made blocks in agarose gel. With a vibration microtome, 200 pm thickness horizontally live slices were taken in to the dishes filled with culture medium. Tissue sections were analyzed as two groups. In the group 1 (control): fresh slices were evaluated directly. In the group 2: sections were covered with collagen gel (Type I) and left in the incubator (5% CO(2)) for 3 days. These sections were dyed with calcein and propidium iodide for viability and non-viability and then observed with confocal laser scanning microscope. Images were captured digitally and examined. Since negative effects of high melting temperature of standard agar on the livability, using low melting agar to tissue blocking and high frequency - low speed vibrotome setting to cut were more preferably. In the 3 days cultures, viability/nonviability rates were indicated better values. It is concluded that, in the CNS slicing cultures, collagen coating method was an easier, effective, useful and alternative method to present techniques.Öğe Ozone Prevents Cochlear Damage From Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Guinea Pigs(WILEY, 2017) Onal, Merih; Elsurer, Cagdas; Selimoglu, Nebil; Yilmaz, Mustafa; Erdogan, Ender; Celik, Jale Bengi; Kal, OznurThe cochlea is an end organ, which is metabolically dependent on a nutrient and oxygen supply to maintain its normal physiological function. Cochlear ischemia and reperfusion (IR) injury is considered one of the most important causes of human idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss. The aim of the present study was to study the efficacy of ozone therapy against cochlear damage caused by IR injury and to investigate the potential clinical use of this treatment for sudden deafness. Twenty-eight guinea pigs were randomized into four groups. The sham group (S) (n=7) was administered physiological saline intraperitoneally (i.p.) for 7 days. The ozone group (O) (n=7) was administered 1mg/kg of ozone i.p. for 7 days. In the IR + O group (n=7), 1 mg/kg of ozone was administered i.p. for 7 days before IR injury. On the eighth day, the IR + O group was subjected to cochlear ischemia for 15min by occluding the bilateral vertebral artery and vein with a nontraumatic clamp and then reperfusion for 2h. The IR group was subjected to cochlear IR injury. After the IR procedure, the guinea pigs were sacrificed on the same day. In a general histological evaluation, cochlear and spiral ganglionic tissues were examined with a light microscope, and apoptotic cells were counted by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) staining. The apoptotic index (AI) was then calculated. Blood samples were sent for analyses of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), catalase, malondialdehyde (MDA), the total oxidant score (TOS), and total antioxidant capacity (TAC). Data were evaluated statistically using the Kruskal-Wallis test. The AI was highest in the IR group. The AI of the IR + O group was lower than that of the IR group. The biochemical antioxidant parameters SOD and GSH-Px and the TAC values were highest in the O group and lowest in the IR group. The MDA level and TOS were highest in the IR group and lowest in the O group. Controlled ozone administration stimulated endogenous antioxidant defense systems, thereby helping the body to combat IR injury. Although this study revealed a statistically significant decrease in cochlear IR damage following ozone therapy, further studies will be necessary to explain the protective mechanisms of ozone therapy in cochlear IR injury.
