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    Biodiesel production from animal fat-palm oil blend and performance analysis of its effects on a single cylinder diesel engine
    (SILA SCIENCE, 2011) Sugozu, Ilker; Eryilmaz, Tanzer; Ors, Ilker; Solmaz, Ozgur
    Nowadays, the decrease in fossil based energy reserves and their negative impact on the environment have increased the interest in alternative energy sources. Vegetable oils and animal fats are used as alternatives of fuels that are used in diesel engines. High viscosity of vegetable oils and animal fats cause several problems in diesel engines. Methods such as dilution, pyrolysis, and transesterification are utilized to eliminate these problems. In this study, using transesterification method, biodiesel is produced from 30% animal fat 70% palm oil blend which has a substantial potential for being an alternative fuel for diesel engines. The impact of biodiesel on engine performance and exhaust emissions are investigated on a single cylinder, air cooled, pre-combustion chamber diesel engine. Engine performance values of biodiesel are obtained close to those values of diesel fuel. A decrease in CO emission and a slight increase in NO emission are observed. Following the experimental results, it is concluded that biodiesel produced from 30% animal fat and 70% palm oil could be used as an alternative fuel for diesel engine. Moreover, the positive impacts of biodiesel on environment in terms of exhaust emissions also increase its potential of being an alternative fuel.
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    Comparison of some fuel properties of biodiesels produced from vegetable oils
    (SILA SCIENCE, 2012) Eryilmaz, Tanzer; Bacak, Seda; Ozrahat, Evrim
    In recent years, interest of the studies on biodiesel production is increasing rapidly as the biodiesel is an eco-friendly product and also a good alternative to the gasoline due to the rapid increases in gasoline prices and as the gasoline will run out soon. Also, as the oil reserves are in certain areas and the countries not having these reserves wanting to reduce dependence on foreign countries for energy, revealed the inevitability of alternative energy sources. Biodiesel vegetable oils can be produced from waste vegetable oils, animal fats and algaes. Vegetable oils evaluated on the basis of countries can vary in type and amount according to the climate change and soil type. In this study, the density, kinematic viscosity, flash point, water content, copper strip corrosion, CFPP, cloud point, pour point and heating value fuel properties of biodiesels produced by transesterification method from eight kinds of oils such as peanut oil, sunflower oil, olive oil, grape seed oil, canola oil, safflower oil, soy bean oil, cottonseed oil are determined, compared to each other and their compliance to the standard IS EN 14214 is investigated.
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    The effect of the different Mustard oil biodiesel blending ratios on diesel engines performance
    (SILA SCIENCE, 2011) Eryilmaz, Tanzer; Ogut, Huseyin
    In this study, wild mustard oil methyl esters were produced from wild mustard oil by transesterification. B20 and B2 type fuels were formed by mixing B100 type biodiesel with diesel fuel in 20% and 2% rates in volume. Fuel properties of fuels (B100, B20 and B2) were determined. The fuels obtained were tested in a four-stroke, 3-cylinder, 60 HP, direct injection diesel engine and were compared with diesel fuel in terms of the torque, power, fuel consumption and fume density. When B100, B20 and B2 fuels were used, the maximum torque was realized at 1200 1/min for all fuel types, B100 showed 2.39% and B20 showed 0.81% increase compared to diesel fuel, while B2 showed the same values. All of the fuels showed maximum power at 2500 1/mm, B100 and B20 showed 5.64% and 2.64% increase, respectively, while B2 didn't show any difference. When B100 used at maximum power, there was 2.86% increase in specific fuel consumption and B20 and B2 fuels showed 1.80% and 2.84% decrease, respectively. In the studies with diesel fuel, B100, B20 and B2 fuels, the highest total efficiency were determined as 34.348% at 1300 1/min, 36.103% at 2000 1/min, 36.911% at 1200 1/min and 34.565% at 1200 1/min, respectively. With increasing mixing rates, exhaust smokiness values at all engine speeds showed higher levels of decreases than diesel fuel.
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    Prediction of Kinematic Viscosities of Biodiesels Derived from Edible and Non-edible Vegetable Oils by Using Artificial Neural Networks
    (SPRINGER HEIDELBERG, 2015) Eryilmaz, Tanzer; Yesilyurt, Murat Kadir; Taner, Alper; Celik, Sadiye Ayse
    In the present study, the seeds named as wild mustard (Sinapis arvensis L.) and safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) were used as feedstocks for production of biodiesels. In order to obtain wild mustard seed oil (WMO) and safflower seed oil (SO), screw press apparatus was used. wild mustard seed oil biodiesel (WMOB) and safflower seed oil biodiesel (SOB) were produced using methanol and NaOH by transesterification process. Various properties of these biodiesels such as density (883.62-886.35 ), specific gravity (0.88442-0.88709), kinematic viscosity (5.75-4.11 ), calorific value (40.63-38.97 ), flash point (171-), water content (328.19-412.15 ), color (2.0-1.8), cloud point [5.8-, pour point [(-3.1)-(-13.1), cold filter plugging point [(-2.0)-], copper strip corrosion (1a-1a) and pH (7.831-7.037) were determined. Furthermore, kinematic viscosities of biodiesels and euro-diesel (ED) were measured at 298.15-373.15 K intervals with 1 K increments. Four different equations were used to predict the viscosities of fuels. Regression analyses were done in MATLAB program, and , correlation constants and root-mean-square error were determined. 1-7-7-3 artificial neural network (ANN) model with a back propagation learning algorithm was developed to predict the viscosities of fuels. The performance of neural network-based model was compared with the performance of viscosity prediction models using same observed data. It was found that ANN model consistently gave better predictions (0.9999 values for all fuels) compared to these models. ANN model was showed 0.34 % maximum errors. Based on the results of this study, ANNs appear to be a promising technique for predicting viscosities of biodiesels.
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    PROCESS OPTIMIZATION FOR BIODIESEL PRODUCTION FROM NEUTRALIZED WASTE COOKING OIL AND THE EFFECT OF THIS BIODIESEL ON ENGINE PERFORMANCE
    (ECOPETROL SA, 2018) Eryilmaz, Tanzer; Aksoy, Fatih; Aksoy, Lacine; Bayrakceken, Huseyin; Aysal, Faruk-Emre; Sahin, Seda; Yesilyurt, Murat-Kadir
    In this study, the methyl ester production process from neutralized waste cooking oils is optimized by using alkali-catalyzed (KOH) single-phase reaction. The optimization process is performed depending on the parameters, such as catalyst concentration, methanol/oil ratio, reaction temperature and reaction time. The optimum methyl ester conversion efficiency was 90.1% at the optimum conditions of 0.7 wt% of potassium hydroxide, 25 wt% methanol/oil ratio, 90 min reaction time and 60 degrees C reaction temperature. After the fuel characteristics of the methyl ester obtained under optimum conditions were determined, the effect on engine performance, CO and NO,, emissions of methyl ester was investigated in a diesel engine with a single cylinder and direct injection. When compared to diesel fuel, engine power and torque decreased when using methyl ester, and specific fuel consumption increased. NOx emission increases at a rate of 18.4% on average through use of methyl ester.