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  • Küçük Resim Yok
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    Determination of Cadmium, Copper, Iron, Nickel and Zinc in Turkish Grape Seeds
    (ASIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY, 2011) Tuşat, Ekrem; Özcan, Mehmet Musa; Er, Fatih; Gökmen, Fatma
    The rate of heavy metal pollution in some grape seed samples cultivated in Turkey were determined by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES). Iron, zinc and copper were found high levels in the seed samples. The highest content in the majority was established as iron. On the contrary, cadmium and nickel were established low concentrations. The cadmium contents had markedly lower. The lowest and the highest cadmium concentrations were 0.12 ppm in the Gokuzum from Konya (Taskent) and 0.49 ppm Nazli sample from Meram (Konya), respectively. Iron contents of grape seeds ranged from 21,65 ppm (Akuzum) (Hatip-Konya) to 192.16 ppm (Gokuzum) (Taskent-Konya). In addition, Eksikara seed contained 140.45 ppm iron.
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    The investigation of bioactive compounds of wine, grape juice and boiled grape juice wastes
    (WILEY, 2019) Gülcü, Mehmet; Uslu, Nurhan; Özcan, Mehmet Musa; Gökmen, Fatma; Özcan, Mustafa Mete; Banjanin, Tijana; Gezgin, Sait; Dursun, Nesim; Geçgel, Ümit; Ceylan, Durmuş Ali; Lemiasheuski, Viktar
    In this study, bioactive compounds, oil, sugar, fatty acid, and mineral contents of grape wastes (pomace, skin, and seeds) obtained from wine, grape juice, and boilled grape juice production were investigated. Total phenol and tannin contents of grape by-products varied between 31.2 mgGAE/g (molasses skin) and 98.97 mgGAE/g (wine seed); 96.93 mgTAE/g (grape juice pomace) and 138.67 mgTAE/g (molasses pomace), respectively. The highest (377.57 g/kg) and lowest (20.00 g/kg) total sugars were determined in molasses and wine skin wastes, respectively. Epicatechin contents of samples were found between 439.67 mg/kg (molasses skin) and 3,444.57 mg/kg (molasses seed). The lowest and highest linoleic acids were determined in molasses skin oil (40.00%) and grape juice skin oil (51.10%). alpha-Tocopherol contents of wine by-product oils changed between 3.35 mg/kg (seed) and 6.42 mg/kg (pomace). The lowest and highest P contents were determined in molasses skin (17,563 mg/kg) and wine seed (29,634 mg/kg), respectively. Practical applications The residue may represent from 13.5 to 14.5% at the total volume of grapes, and may reach 20%. The most abundant phenolic compound in wine pomace is anthocyanins concentrated in the skin, and flavonols present mostly in the grape seed (56-65% total flavonol). Grape is a phenol-rich plant, and these phenolics are mainly distributed in the skin, stem, leaf, and seed of grape, rather than their juicy middle sections. Skins and seeds of grapes are produced in large quantities by the winemaking industry. These by-products have become valuable raw materials due to their high content of polyphenols, tocols, and other macro- and micronutrients. Seed and skins of grape produced in large quantities by the wine making industry have become valuable raw materials for extraction of polyphenols.
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    Konya ovası topraklarında bitkiye yarayışlı bor miktarının belirlenmesinde kullanılacak en uygun metodun seçimi
    (Selçuk Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, 2005-06-30) Gökmen, Fatma; Gezgin, Sait
    Konya ovası topraklarını temsilen alman 20 toprak örneğinde 16 farklı ekstraksiyon metodu kullanılarak topraklarda bitkiye yarayışlı bor miktarı belirlenmiştir. Yapılan araştırmada, toprağa artan seviyelerde uygulanan (0, 0.6, 1.2, 2.4 ppm B) borun etkisiyle, ayçiçeği bitkisinin kuru madde miktarı, bor kapsamı ve topraktan kaldırdığı bor miktarının istatistiki bakımdan önemli seviyede arttığı tesbit edilmiştir. Bu artış ve azalmaların topraktan toprağa farklılık gösterdiği belirlenmiştir. Deneme topraklarında bitkiye yarayışlı bor miktarının belirlenmesi için kullanılan ekstraksiyon metodlan ile biyolojik indeksler arasında yüksek derecede ilişki bulunmuştur. Topraklarda bitkiye yarayışlı bor miktarının değerlenmesinde 16 bor ekstraksiyon çözeltilerinin etkisi, biyolojik indeksler ve metodlar arasındaki ilişkinin önemine göre şu şekilde sıralanmıştır: Sıcak 0.01 M CaCİ2 > 0.0 İM Tartarik Asit > 0.05 M Mannitol pH=7.5 > 0.05 M Mannitol+O.OIM CaCl2> 2mM DTPA > Sıcak su > İN NH4OAC pH=7 > 0.05M KH2P04 > %5 Gliserol /0.01M CaCl2 > Soğuk 0.01M CaCl2 > 0.01M Mannitol +0.01M CaCl2 > İN NH4OAC pH=4.8 > DTPA- NH4OAc > 0.02M HNO3 + %30 H202 > Toplam bor > 0.2 M Asidik NH4- okzalat. Bu sıralamadaki ilk 5 metottan birisi topraklarda bitkiye yarayışlı bor miktarının belirlenmesi için en uygun metod olarak tavsiye edilebilir.