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    Social support and symptoms of postpartum depression among new mothers in Eastern Turkey
    (WILEY, 2008) Ege, Emel; Timur, Sermin; Zincir, Handan; Geckil, Emine; Sunar-Reeder, Bulbin
    Aim: The aim of the present study was to examine the relationship between symptoms of postpartum depression and social support in new mothers in a semi-rural province (Malatya) of Eastern Turkey. Methods: This is a descriptive, cross-sectional study. The study was conducted with a 12-item Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS) questionnaire, a 10-item Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) questionnaire, and a 16-item demographic/obstetric questionnaire designed by the authors. 364 women who were between 6 to 48 weeks postpartum were included in the study. Results: Symptoms of postpartum depression were negatively correlated with social support (-0.39, P = 0.000). The frequency of the prevalence of symptoms of postpartum depression was 33.2%. The study showed that EPDS mean score was related to several factors, including age, woman's education, woman's occupation, socioeconomic status of family, spouse's education, number of years married, parity, planned pregnancy, method of delivery, knowledge of infant care, sharing of problems with a close person, past psychiatric history and family support during the postnatal period in an Eastern province of Turkey. Conclusion: Symptoms of postpartum depression were negatively correlated among Turkish women living in the Malatya province of Eastern Turkey and were associated with the level of social support. The prevalence of postpartum depression was higher than in the published reports regarding most regions of Turkey, with the exception of Northeastern Turkey.
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    Traditional postpartum practices of women and infants and the factors influencing such practices in South Eastern Turkey
    (ELSEVIER SCI LTD, 2009) Geckil, Emine; Sahin, Tuerkan; Ege, Emel
    Objective: to gain an understanding of traditional postpartum practices for women and babies, and to investigate the factors influencing such practices. Design: descriptive study. Setting: Maternity and Children's Hospital in Adiyaman city, Turkey. Participants: 273 women who gave birth at the Maternity and Children's Hospital in Adiyaman city from March to June 2004. Findings: more than half of the 273 women (55.7%) were aged between 25 and 32 years (mean 27.85, standard deviation [SD] 5.45). A total of 22.3% of women were illiterate, and most were unemployed. The most popular practices among new mothers were eating a kind of dessert, called 'Bulamac' (82.8%). A number of women (69.6%) drank a mixture of grape molasses and butter, 64.5% had their abdomen tightly wrapped, 62.6% were not left atone at home, and more than half of the women (57.9%) avoided sexual intercourse for 40 days after giving birth. Nearly, half of the women (45.4%) fed their babies with water containing sugar just after the birth, and 77.1% of women kept their babies' umbilical cord in a special place. Afterwards, the mothers threw the cords into a river or they buried them in the grounds of a mosque or a school. Most of the mothers (89%) reported that they covered their babies with a yellow cloth in order to protect them from jaundice. A relationship between traditional postpartum practices and demographic characteristics of women was observed. The women's mothers and mothers-in-law (66.7%) usually encouraged such practices. Key conclusions: postpartum care of women and their babies are important cultural practices. Some of these practices may have harmful effects on women and their babies. Implications for practice: it is important to gain an understanding of cultural beliefs and traditional practices relating to the postpartum care of women and their babies. Midwives and nurses should discuss these findings and their implications when they educate new mothers and their families about contemporary methods of postnatal maternal and infant care. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.