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    Evaluation of intestinal damage biomarkers in calves with atresia coli
    (WALTER DE GRUYTER GMBH, 2018) Yildiz, Ramazan.; Ok, Mahmut.; Ider, Merve.; Aydogdu, Ugur.; Naseri, Amir.; Parlak, Kurtulus.; Gulersoy, Erdem.
    Introduction: Intestinal obstruction such as atresia coli causes pathophysiological changes in gastrointestinal tissue due to the rise of intra-abdominal pressure. The aim of this study is to determine the intestinal damage with intestinal biomarkers in calves with atresia coli. Material and Methods: The study was conducted on 40 Holstein calves diagnosed with atresia coli with mild to moderate abdominal distention and 10 healthy Holstein calves which served as the control. Blood samples were collected from all calves, and then serum concentrations of intestinal biomarkers were estimated, namely intestinal fatty acid binding protein (IFABP), liver fatty acid binding protein (LFABP), trefoil factor 3 (TFF3), and intestinal alkaline phosphatase (IAP), using commercially available specific bovine ELISA kits. An automatic blood gas analyser was employed for determining the lactate concentration. Results: The concentrations of serum LFABP (P < 0.01), IFABP, TFF3, IAP, and blood lactate (P < 0.001) were significantly higher in calves with atresia coli than in healthy calves. Conclusion: The calves affected with atresia coli exhibited severe intestinal damage, and IFABP, LFABP, and TFF3 have significant diagnostic importance and play a useful role in determining the intestinal damage due to intestinal obstruction. High levels of IAP and lactate may serve as a signal for the development of intestinal injury.
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    Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-based metabolome profile evaluation in dairy cows with and without displaced abomasum
    (TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD, 2020) Basoglu, Abdullah.; Baspinar, Nuri.; Tenori, Leonardo.; Licari, Cristina.; Gulersoy, Erdem.
    Background: Displaced abomasum (DA) is a condition of dairy cows that severely impacts animal welfare and causes huge economic losses. Objective: To assess the metabolic status of the disease using metabolomics in serum, urine and liver samples aimed at both water soluble and lipid soluble fractions. Methods: Fifty Holstein multiparous cows with DA (42 left, 8 right) and 20 clinically healthy Holstein multiparous cows were used. Left DA was associated with concomitant ketosis in 19 animals and right in two. NMR-based metabolomics approach and hematological and biochemical analyses were performed. Statistical analysis was carried out on H-1-NMR data after they have been normalized using PQN method. Results: Contrary to generated PCA score plots the OPLS-supervised method revealed differences between healthy animals and diseased ones based on serum water-soluble samples. While water and lipid soluble metabolites decreased in serum samples, fatty acid fractions and cholesterol were increased in liver samples in DA affected cows. The metabolomic and chemical profiles clearly revealed that cows with DA (especially with LDA) were at risk of ketosis and fatty liver. Serum hippuric acid concentration was significantly higher in healthy cows in comparison with LDA, whereas serum glycine concentration was reported higher for healthy when compared to RDA affected animals. Conclusion: A biochemical network and pathway mapping revealed 'valine, leucine and isoleucine biosynthesis' and 'phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis' as the most probable altered metabolic pathway in DA condition. Serum was advocated as the optimal biological matrix for the H-1-NMR analysis.