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    Factors Affecting Germination Performance of Four Endemic Sideritis Species in Turkey
    (ANKARA UNIV, FAC AGR, 2015) Kaya, Mehmet Demir; Kulan, Engin Gokhan; Gumuscu, Gonul; Gumuscu, Ahmet
    The genus Sideritis is an indigenous plant to temperate and subtropical regions of Turkey, especially for Mediterranean and Aegean region, and is extensively used as herbal tea and spice. The seeds of Sideritis species have a difficulty in germination, which limits their cultivation. This study was conducted to evaluate the germination performance of 4 endemic Sideritis species (Sideritis condensata, S. libanotica ssp. linearis, S. leptoclada and S. tmolea) harvested freshly or stored for 1 and 2 years in terms of germination percentage and mean germination time and to determine the suitability of seed treatments (Hydration and gibberellic acid (GA(3)) application, and their combination with pre-chilling) for overcoming germination difficulty in the species. Germination percentages of these species ranged from 28.5% to 77.0%. The lowest germination rate and the highest mean germination time (11.9 day) were determined in S. libanotica ssp. linearis in fresh seeds. Improved germination and shortened mean germination time were achieved using 200 mg L-1 GA(3) application. Seed storage did not influence the germination of the Sideritis species. It was found that pre-chilling did not prerequisite for germination of the species. It was concluded that GA(3) treatment should effectively be used as a method for improving germination of endemic Sideritis species regardless of seed age.
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    Researches on Heterosis on Yield and Yield Components of Some Poppy Hybrid (Papaver somniferum L.) Lines
    (ANKARA UNIV, FAC AGR, 2008) Gumuscu, Ahmet; Arslan, Neset
    The aim of this study is to improve some poppy materials which both the seed yield and capsule yield are higher and its morphine ratio is higher level than the average ratio of the country. The current sown varieties that on the poppy cultivated areas are selected according to the wishes of the producers. The seven lines were crossed reciprocal that were selected in first year of the study which was carried out two years. The parent lines were taken with their hybrids to yield experiments in the second year. Yield components of hybrid and parent lines were compared and investigated for heterosis and heterobeltiosis between these lines. Heterosis and heterobeltiosis values of some important traits of the material have been given below: for seed yield per plant changed between -13.42% to 37.14% and -22.48% to 36.29%; for capsul yield -33.92% to 45.39% and -40.83% to 34.67%; for seed yield -32.05% to 45.89% and -38.34% to 43.22%; for morphine content -24.21% to 44.62% and -32.44% to 32.68%; for morphine yield -37.63% to 100.39% and -54.68% to 95.21%, respectively.