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Öğe DETERMINATION OF PHYSICAL FITNESS LEVELS WITH PHYSICAL PERFORMANCE TEST SCORES OF ELDERLY(GUNES KITABEVI LTD STI, 2008) Gunay, Mehmet; Senel, Oemer; Karacan, Selma; Colakoglu, Filiz; Cicioglu, Ibrahim; Guzel, Nevin AtalayIntroduction: The purpose of this study was to determine the physical fitness level of elderly adults aged 60 years and over stay in public home for aged in Ankara according to their Physical Performance Test (PPT) protocol scores. Materials and Method: A total of 107 elderly adults (50 male, 57 female) who did not have any medical problems to prevent or limit applying PPT protocol, participated in this study voluntarily. The subjects were divided into three age groups as 60-69, 70-79 and 80>. Some physical fitness tests and PPT protocol were applied to the subjects. Results: At the end of statistical analysis of variables, especially in females significant decreases of physical fitness values were indicated through aging process, comparison of sexes indicated that there were significant differences (p<0.05) between males and females on all parameters except blood pressure and resting heart rate. Generally males had better scores, but flexibility scores of 70-79 age group females were significantly higher than scores of males (p<0.05). Also PPT score of females over 80 yrs were significantly lower than the other age groups. Conclusion: Consequently physical fitness level decreases through aging and these deficiency were observed in females much more than males.Öğe The effect of different doses of zinc supplementation on serum element and lactate levels in elite volleyball athletes(UNIV SOUTH BOHEMIA, 2017) Eskici, Gunay; Gunay, Mehmet; Baltaci, Abdulkerim Kasim; Mogulkoc, RasimThe present study aims to examine the effect of different doses of zinc administration on serum element metabolism and fatigue. The study registered 20 female elite athletes. The subjects were divided into two groups in equal numbers. Group supplemented with 220 mg/day zinc sulfate. Group supplemented with 440 mg/day zinc sulfate. Athletes who were already engaged in their daily training routines were put to a 20-m shuttle run test to create fatigue before and after supplementation. Blood samples were collected from the subjects for a total of 7 times, before and after zinc supplementation and during rest and after exercise within one-week intervals over the course of the 4-week supplementation. The blood samples collected as such were analyzed to determine serum magnesium, phosphorus and calcium, zinc, iron, copper, and selenium, and plasma lactate. Both exercise and zinc supplementations significantly elevated magnesium, calcium, and iron levels for 4 weeks. Pre-supplementation exercise elevated plasma lactate levels, while zinc supplementation led to a fall in plasma lactate. The results of the present study indicate that zinc-supplementation for 4 weeks may have a positive impact on athletic performance by delaying fatigue. (C) 2016 Published by Elsevier Sp. z o.o. on behalf of Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice.Öğe Effect of Long-Term Intraperitoneal Zinc Administration on Liver Glycogen Levels in Diabetic Rats Subjected to Acute Forced Swimming(HUMANA PRESS INC, 2011) Bicer, Mursel; Gunay, Mehmet; Akil, Mustafa; Avunduk, Mustafa Cihat; Mogulkoc, Rasim; Baltaci, Abdulkerim KasimThis study aims to examine the effect of zinc administration on liver glycogen levels of rats in which diabetes was induced with streptozotocin and which were subjected to acute swimming exercise. The study was conducted on 80 adult Sprague-Dawley male rats, which were equally allocated to eight groups: group 1, general control; group 2, zinc-administrated control; group 3, zinc-administrated diabetic control; group 4, swimming control; group 5, zinc-administrated swimming; group 6, zinc-administrated diabetic swimming; group 7, diabetic swimming; group 8, diabetic control group. In order to induce diabetes, animals were injected with 40 mg/kg intraperitoneal (ip) streptozotocin. The injections were repeated in the same dose after 24 h. Animals which had blood glucose at or above 300 mg/dl 6 days after the last injections were accepted as diabetic. Zinc was administrated ip for 4 weeks as 6 mg/kg/day per rat. Hepatic tissue samples taken from the animals at the end of the study were fixed in 95% ethyl alcohol. Cross sections of 5 A mu m thickness, taken by the help of a microtome from the tissue samples buried in paraffin, were placed on a microscope slide and stained with periodic acid-Schiff and evaluated by light microscope. All microscopic images were transferred to a PC and assessed with the help of Clemex PE3.5 image analysis software. The lowest liver glycogen levels in the study were obtained in groups 3, 4, 6, 7, and 8. Liver glycogen levels in group 5 were higher than groups 3, 4, 6, 7, and 8, but lower than groups 1 and 2 (p < 0.05). Groups 1 and 2 had the highest liver glycogen levels. The results obtained from the study indicate that liver glycogen levels which dropped in acute swimming exercise were restored by zinc administration and that diabetes induced in rats prevented the protective effect of zinc.Öğe Effect of Vitamin C Supplementation on Lipid Peroxidation and Lactate Levels in Individuals Performing Exhaustion Exercise(ANNALS APPLIED SPORT SCIENCE, 2017) Patlar, Suleyman; Baltaci, Abdulkerim Kasim; Mogulkoc, Rasim; Gunay, MehmetBackground. Exercise has significant affects on free radical production. Objective. The objective of the present study was to explore the effect of vitamin C supplementation on lipid peroxidation and lactate levels in sedentary individuals who performed exhaustion exercised. Methods. 10 healthy sedentary male athletes participated to study. They were supplemented with 300 mg oral vitamin C (L-ascorbic acid, Ester-C Plus 500 mg, Solgar-USA) and subjected to acute exhaustion exercise by fatigue developed one time a week for 4 weeks. Exhaustion exercises were carried out until exhaustion developed according to Bruce protocol once a week for 4 weeks. Blood samples were collected from the subjects four times, at the beginning and at the end of the supplementation and before and after exercise, over the 4-weeks study period. The samples were used to analyze MDA, GSH, GSH-Px, CAT, SOD and NO levels by using ELISA colorimetric method and plasma lactate levels by an autoanalyzer device. Results. Exhaustion MDA, GSH, GSH-Px, CAT, SOD and NO levels measured both before and after supplementation were higher than resting levels (p<0.05). MDA, NO and lactate levels that were elevated in exhaustion before supplementation decreased significantly after vitamin C supplementation (p<0.05). Conclusion. The results of our study indicate that the increase in free radical production and lactate levels due to by 4-week exhaustion exercise were offset by vitamin C supplementation. It can be argued in conclusion that supplementation of physiologic doses of vitamin C may be useful for athlete health and performance.Öğe The effect of zinc supplementation on Max Vo(2) and lactate levels in sedentary people(BIOINTERFACE RESEARCH APPLIED CHEMISTRY, 2018) Kilic, Mehmet; Baltaci, Abdulkerim Kasim; Gunay, Mehmet; Okudan, Nilsel; Mogulkoc, RasimResults of previous studies have shown that exercise influences zinc metabolism. The importance of zinc intake by diet in athletes has been emphasized and it has been argued that zinc deficiency in the diet can have unfavorable effects on performance. The present study aims to investigate how zinc supplementation affects Max VO2 and lactate levels in sedentary people. The study included 10 male students who were not actively involved in sports. All subjects were supplemented with oral zinc sulfate (3mg/kg/day) for 4 weeks. Max VO2 and lactate levels of all subjects were determined before and after zinc supplementation. Max VO2 values of the subjects as measured after 4 weeks of zinc supplementation were numerically higher than the values measured before the supplementation, but the two values were not statistically different. Lactate levels, on the other hand, were found significantly lower after the supplementation, when compared to the levels before supplementation (p<0,05). Results of our study demonstrate that 4-week zinc supplementation leads to a significant decrease in lactate levels and delays exhaustion. Zinc supplementation can improve muscle strength and metabolism in physical activity. Consequently, physiological doses of zinc supplementation can be useful for performance.Öğe The effect of zinc supplementation on the urinary excretion of elements in female athletes(UNIV KARACHI, 2016) Eskici, Gunay; Gunay, Mehmet; Baltaci, Abdulkerim Kasim; Mogulkoc, RasimThis study was carried out to find out how oral zinc supplementation to elite athletes affects the element changes in the urine. The study registered 10 female athletes who were on the women's volleyball team of Gazi University Sports Club and whose mean age, weight, and height were 14.2 +/- 0.42 years, 59.8 +/- 7.79kg and 173.6 +/- 6.15 cm. The study protocol was approved by the local ethics committee. The athletes who continued their daily routine training sessions (6 days/week) were supplemented with 220mg/day oral zinc sulfate for 4 weeks. In order to induce exhaustion, the subjects were put to a 20-meter shuttle run test before and after supplementation. A total, 7 times urine samples were collected follows as pre and post exercise before the start of the experiment and at the end (4 times), at the end of first, second and third week (3 times). Urinary levels of magnesium, phosphorus, and calcium (mg/dl), as well as zinc, copper, and selenium ( mu g/dl) were analyzed in the atomic emission device (ICP-MS). Arithmetic means and standard errors of the data were calculated. Kruskal Wallis test was used to determine differences between weeks. Values for which p<0,05 were considered significant. When compared to resting values, urinary excretion of copper and selenium decreased in exercise (p<0,05), but increased with zinc supplementation (p<0,05). Pre- and post-supplementation exercise resulted in reduced urinary zinc excretion (p<0,05). Zinc supplementation increased urinary zinc excretion in one-week intervals over the course of 4 weeks (p<0,05), and reduced selenium levels (p<0,05). When zinc is supplemented to athletes, the relation between the duration and dose of supplementation is important. The results of the study indicated that zinc does not have any negative effect on the urinary excretion of the concerned elements. It can thus be concluded that athletes may benefit from zinc support.Öğe Effects of Exercise and Zinc Supplementation on Cytokine Release in Young Wrestlers(HUMANA PRESS INC, 2011) Kara, Ersan; Ozal, Mehmet; Gunay, Mehmet; Kilic, Mehmet; Baltaci, Abdulkerim Kasim; Mogulkoc, RasimThe present study aims to examine the effect of zinc supplementation on the release of some cytokines in young wrestlers actively involved in wrestling. A total of 40 male subjects of the same age group were included in the study: half were wrestlers and the other half were not involved in sports. The subjects were equally divided into four groups and treated during an 8-week period as follows: group 1, zinc-supplemented athletes; group 2, non-supplemented athletes; group 3, zinc-supplemented sedentary subjects, and group 4, non-supplemented sedentary group. Blood samples were taken from each subject at the beginning and at the end of the study period. The serum tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-2 (IL-2), and interpheron-gamma levels (IFN-gamma) were determined using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method. At the beginning of the study, there were no significant differences of the measured parameters between the four study groups. At the end of the study, the levels of TNF-alpha, IL-2, and IFN-gamma were significantly higher in the two zinc-supplemented groups compared to those that did not receive supplementation, regardless of the activity status (p < 0.01).Öğe Elements in Sera of Elite Taekwondo Athletes: Effects of Vitamin E Supplementation(HUMANA PRESS INC, 2011) Patlar, Suleyman; Boyali, Ekrem; Baltaci, Abdulkerim Kasim; Mogulkoc, Rasim; Gunay, MehmetMany researchers have emphasized the relation between nutrition and development and sustaining performance. Two methods are commonly employed to identify the interaction between physical activity and nutrition. The first consists of administering food with a variety of contents to people engaged in physical activity and observing their performance responses, and the other is concerned with determining the effects of physical activity on nutrition. Therefore, it can be said that there has been a growing interest in the explorations into the relation between exercise and vitamins, minerals, and elements. The present study reports the effects of 6 weeks administration of 300 mg/day vitamin E on the distribution of serum elements in elite taekwondo athletes. Seven male athletes, mean ages 22.1 +/- 0.5 years weighing on average 66.4 +/- 2.4 kg were included in the study. The athletes had been practicing taekwondo for 10-12 years. Resting blood samples were collected in duplicate before and after supplementation for determination of serum levels of cobalt, boron, cadmium, chromium, nickel, manganese, sulfur, copper, iron, zinc, phosphorus, sodium, potassium, and calcium. Supplementation resulted in significant increases of all elements relative to values before supplementation (p < 0.001), with the exception of boron and sulfur, which remained without change. The results of the present study demonstrate that vitamin E supplementation crucially influences the element and mineral metabolism in elite athletes.
