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    Antimicrobial susceptibility and coagulase gene typing of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from bovine clinical mastitis cases in Turkey
    (AMER DAIRY SCIENCE ASSOC, 2005) Guler, L; Ok, U; Gunduz, K; Gulcu, Y; Hadimli, HH
    The objectives of this study were to determine antimicrobial resistance patterns of Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from bovine clinical mastitis cases and to subtype the strains by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique based on coagulase gene polymorphism. Two hundred sixty-five S. aureus isolates collected from individual animals in different herds (n = 235) from 1995 to 2004 were tested for susceptibility to penicillin, ampicillin, amoxicillin-clavulanate, oxacillin, oxytetracycline, enrofloxacin, kanamycin-cephalexin, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole using the agar disc diffusion test. Strains were also tested for beta-lactamase production. A total of 29.8% of the strains were susceptible to all antimicrobial agents tested. The highest resistance was observed in 63.3% of the strains against beta-lactam antibiotics, penicillin and ampicillin. Oxytetracycline resistance was observed in 27.9% of the strains, either alone or in combination with beta-lactams. No resistance was detected for amoxicillin-clavulanate, oxacillin, enrofloxacin and kanamycin-cephalexin. beta-Lactamase production and resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics were usually correlated. Resistance against beta-lactams increased from 43.5% in 1995 to 58 to 77% from 1999 to 2004. One hundred twenty-five strains were examined for coagulase gene polymorphism. The isolates were subtyped into 4 types by coagulase gene-based PCR. A predominant 1000-bp PCR product was observed in 60.8% of the isolates typed. The results indicate that a few coagulase gene types of S. aureus are responsible for the majority of bovine clinical mastitis cases in one province of Central Anatolia region, Turkey.
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    Comparison of rose bengal plate test antigens prepared from Brucella abortus, Brucella melitensis and Brucella suis
    (NATL VETERINARY RESEARCH INST, 2005) Erganis, O; Hadimli, HH; Solmaz, H; Corlu, M
    Rose bengal plate test (RBPT) antigens from Brucella melitensis and Brucella suis S 2 were prepared and compared with RBPT antigen prepared from classical Brucella abortus S 99. A total of 54 sera samples, of which 7 were collected from humans with brucellosis and 47 from infected sheep, were studied by using RBPT and serum agglutination test (SAT). RBPT and SAT results showed that RBPT antigens prepared from Br. melitensis and Br. suis S 2 were compatible with RBPT antigen prepared from Br. abortus S 99. Therefore, we concluded that RBPT antigens can be prepared from Br. melitensis and Br. suis S 2 and used for epidemiological surveilance of human and sheep brucellosis.
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    Evaluation of a combined vaccine against staphylococcal mastitis in ewes
    (NATL VETERINARY RESEARCH INST, 2005) Hadimli, HH; Erganis, O; Kav, K; Sayin, Z
    The effectiveness of combined staphylococcal vaccine (CSV), prepared from Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase negative staphylococci (CNS: Staphylococcus epidermidis, S. simulans, S. saprophyticus), on staphylococcal mastitis in sheep was determined. The group of pregnant sheep was vaccinated subcutaneously into supramammary lymph node twice at 3 week interval. Similarly, sterile saline was administered to controls. Blood and milk samples were collected before and at days 21 and 51 after the vaccination. The titre of S. aureus and CNS antibodies in serum and whey was determined using a modified ELISA. Levels of staphylococcal antibodies in serum and whey of the vaccinated animals were significantly higher compared with the controls. Intramammary infection rate by S. aureus was lower in the CSV group (7.70%) compared with the controls (30.76%) While intramammary infection rate for CNS was 19.23% in the controls, no isolate was demonstrated in the CSV group. Therefore, the effectiveness of CSV was found to be useful to decrease intramammary infection rate of S. aureus and CNS in ewes.