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    Neo-Imperialism of the Twenty-First Century: China and African Relations
    (Selçuk Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, 2022) Hassan, Mahdi Musse; Ateş, Davut
    China’s engagement in the African continent has developed rapidly since Sino African relations emerged with anti-imperialism solidarity in the mid of the last century. The early period of China and African contact tended to establish diplomatic ties but later developed into an economic and political partnership. In the past two decades, China has stepped into an unprecedented appearance in the African continent’s sphere, where it began to control the economic sectors. Based on the strong relationship between China and Africa, debates and arguments about that affiliation began to appear in the various academic and political fields. Many researchers joined to study the nature of the Sino African contact in order to achieve the appropriate evaluation. The intensification of Sino-African cooperation in economic and social development, which China announced in the 2000s and how its implementation looks like in the contemporary period increased immersive concerns faced the many Africans and Western nations. China’s accelerated trade, investment and security interests in the African region have reflected controversy of viewpoints from different academicians and policymakers inside and outside the continent on whether China’s involvement in Africa contributed to opportunities or augmented new challenges, which are a burden on the region. Some of the researchers underlined that China’s role in the continent would participate in the economic and societal development growth. They conditioned if Beijing implement its pledge to respect the south-south or mutual benefit approaches that it had already announced during the first meeting of the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation (FOCAC) and the beginning of China’s going out” policy. Other analysts argued that China’s regional engagement had tended to an unfavourable position. Thus, this dissertation’s evaluation focus on China’s interaction with African countries that can be described as developing into neo-imperialism or Hybrid-imperialism for the sake of its interest, which goes beyond economic and diplomatic cooperation.