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    Effects of melatonin on the serum levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and tissue injury after renal ischemia reperfusion in rats
    (TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD, 2015) Oguz, Elif; Yilmaz, Zehra; Ozbilge, Hatice; Baba, Fusun; Tabur, Suzan; Yerer, Mukerrem Betul; Hekimoglu, Askin
    We investigated the changes in the serum levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha and interleukin (IL)-6, the pro-inflammatory cytokines, and the possible effect of melatonin on the modulation of these inflammatory molecules after renal ischemia reperfusion (IR). The study was carried out in the laboratory of Department of Pharmacology. Forty-six male Wistar albino rats were divided into five groups as control (n = 6), positive control (n = 4), sham (n = 12), renal IR (n = 12), and renal IR melatonin (n = 12). After 1 h renal pedicle occlusion, the blood samples were taken for the measurement of cytokine levels at second hour of the reperfusion. The rats were sacrificed after 24 h of reperfusion for histopathological evaluation. Melatonin or vehicle was administrated to IR rats. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was administered to the positive control group and the blood was taken at fourth hour. Serum TNF-alpha levels increased significantly in renal IR and LPS groups. Serum IL-6 levels were not different from control except the LPS group. There was no significant correlation between the serum TNF-alpha levels and the histopathological score after renal IR. Melatonin treatment reversed the increase of serum TNF-alpha levels and histopathological injury in renal tissue after renal IR. Melatonin may have a protective effect by reducing the serum level of TNF-alpha in renal IR.
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    Lycopene, an Antioxidant Carotenoid, Attenuates Testicular Injury Caused by Ischemia/Reperfusion in Rats
    (TOHOKU UNIV MEDICAL PRESS, 2009) Hekimoglu, Askin; Kurcer, Zehra; Aral, Faruk; Baba, Fuesun; Sahna, Engin; Atessahin, Ahmet
    Testicular torsion is a common syndrome that could lead to infertility. We investigated the therapeutic effects of lycopene, an antioxidant caretenoid, on testicular ischemia/reperfusion (IR) injury that resembles testicular torsion. Male Wistar albino rats were divided into three groups: sham (n = 6), IR (n = 18), and ischemia/reperfusion with lycopene (IRL, n = 18). Left testicular artery and vein was occluded for 1 h, followed by reperfusion of 3 h, 24 h or 30 days in IR and IRL animals. Either corn oil (vehicle) or lycopene (4 mg/kg) was administrated once daily by gavage to IR or IRL animals, respectively, 5 min after ischemia. Sham-operated animals were treated with vehicle by gavage 5 min after the operation. IR decreased sperm motility and concentration in both ipsilateral and contralateral testes and increased abnormal sperm rate in ipsilateral testis after 30 days of reperfusion. Treatment with lycopene increased the motility in bilateral testes and decreased the rate of abnormal sperm in ipsilateral testis to the sham level, but did not increase sperm concentration in bilateral testes. IR increased the activities of catalase and glutathione peroxidase and the level of reduced glutathione by 24 h of reperfusion, but malondialdehyde remained unchanged. Lycopene treatment restored the enzyme activities but not the reduced glutathione level. Lycopene treatment also ameliorated the IR-induced tissue damage in bilateral testes. In conclusion, the therapeutic antioxidant effect of lycopene on germ cells could serve as a promising intervention to oxidative stress-associated infertility problems, such as testicular torsion.