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    DGAT1-exon8 polymorphism in Anatolian buffalo
    (ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, 2012) Ozdil, Fulya; Ilhan, Fatma
    Previous studies have reported that a non-conservative substitution of lysine by alanine (K232A) in the 8th exon of acyl CoA:diacylglycerol acyltransferase (DGAT1) gene in cattle has a major effect on milk composition and yield. But yet little research has been utilized in this gene segment in buffalo. In this study the genetic differentiation of three indigenous Anatolian buffalo populations has been investigated in the 8th exon of DGAT1 gene. Fourteen out of the 24 restriction enzymes have a recognition site on the DGAT1 gene segment, generating a total of 26 restriction sites. AluI, HincII and HphI restriction enzymes out of these 14 enzymes were found to detect polymorphism. K232A substitution found in cattle breeds with CfrI restriction enzyme is not a diagnostic site in Anatolian buffalo. Only lysine variant (K allele) is found in all of the Anatolian buffalo tested. In this study, four different haplotypes were obtained and sequencing of this gene revealed three polymorphic nucleotide substitutions in the 8th exon of the buffalo DGAT1 gene. C -> T, A -> G and C -> G base substitutions at positions 43, 154 and 373, respectively, each generated two different fragment patterns in Anatolian buffalo. Type 1 haplotype was the most common haplotype, found in 73.2% of the samples. Along with the polymorphic substitution sites in DGAT1 gene, this study provides evidence that all the Anatolian buffalo have fixed allele with respect to DGAT1 K allele reported to be responsible for high milk fat yield. Our study presents the first comprehensive sequencing analysis of Anatolian buffalo and it is the first time that sequencing data from DGAT1 gene segment have been obtained at the population level. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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    Diversity of Apis mellifera Subspecies from Turkey Revealed by Sequence Analysis of Mitochondrial 16s rDNA Region
    (SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS, 2012) Ozdil, Fulya; Ilhan, Fatma
    Mitochondrial DNA sequence variation can be used to infer honeybee evolutionary relationships. In this study, DNA sequence diversity of the mitochondrial 16s rDNA region was investigated in 112 honeybees from 15 populations in Turkey, which is mainly populated with Apis mellifera anatoliaca, A. m. caucasica, and A. m. meda. The study revealed 11 haplotypes for this segment, with 13 variable sites and nine parsimony informative sites. The haplotypes were not discriminated according to their geographical locations in a neighbor-joining dendrogram based on 16s rDNA sequences available in Genbank, but all the haplotypes obtained in this study are clustered with published haplotypes such as A. mellifera TAS (AF214666) and A. m. ligustica (EF116868) and with some unpublished Genbank records (HQ318928, HQ318934, and HQ318938). This study expands the knowledge of the mitochondrial 16s rDNA region, and it presents the first comprehensive sequence analysis of this region in Turkish honeybees.
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    Genetic characterization of some Turkish sheep breeds based on the sequencing of the Ovar-DRB1 gene in the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) gene region
    (COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH, 2018) Ozdil, Fulya; Ilhan, Fatma; Isik, Raziye
    In this research, Ovar-DRB1 gene in the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) gene region was surveyed by DNA sequencing in some of the native sheep breeds that are reared in Turkey. A total of 80 samples were collected from eight different Turkish native sheep breeds, and these samples were used for DNA sequencing. The exon 2 region of Ovar-DRB1 in the MHC gene region was polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplified and sequenced. A total of 25 new alleles were revealed in the Ovar-DRB1 gene in Turkish native sheep breeds with 24 variable sites; only 13 sites were parsimony informative. The average pairwise genetic distance was 0.029 % for the Ovar-DRBI gene exon 2 region. The sequence variations at eight different positions (7026, 7036, 7040, 7053, 7059, 7069, 7131 and 7214) are found in all of the studied samples. G -> C transversion at position 7081 is only seen in Akkaraman sheep breed, whereas T -> C transition at position 7097 is only seen in one sample from the Akkaraman breed. Overall, two main groups were detected among the 25 alleles from Turkish native sheep breeds. All Daglic and Kivircik alleles and one allele from Karayaka, Malya and Sakiz are grouped together while all the other breeds are grouped in the other branch.
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    Lactation curve traits of holstein cows raised at polatli state farm
    (KAFKAS UNIV, VETERINER FAKULTESI DERGISI, 2009) Keskin, Ismail; Cilek, Sueleyman; Ilhan, Fatma
    This study was done to determine lactation curves traits of Holstein cows raised at Polatli State Farm. Gamma curve parameters (Yt = at(b)e(-ct)) of Wood were used in determination of the types of lactation curve. In this study, values of parameters a, b, c were used in determination of the shape and type of lactation curve. All parameters in typical lactation curves are positive. As one of these parameters is negative, curve is atypical lactation curve. If both b and c parameter are negative, lactation curves are concave. If b parameter is negative and c parameter is positive, lactation curve have negative slope (decreasing type). In total 2581 lactation curves were investigated in this study, 2049 lactation curves were determined as typical (79.39%), 253 lactation curves were determined as concave (9.80%). 279 lactation curves were determined as decreasing type (10.81%). For typical lactation curves, a (beginning yield), b (coefficient of rising), c (coefficient of decreasing), persistency (S), the time after parturition when the peak yield occurs (T-max), maximum daily peak yield (Y-max) and coefficient of determination of variation (R-2) were 27.5 +/- 0.18, 0.47 +/- 0.008, 0.178 +/- 0.0023, 2.7 +/- 0.001, 81 +/- 2.1, 26.7 +/- 0.15, 68.0 +/- 0.50, respectively. For concave lactation curves, values of a, b, c, Tmax, Ymax and R-2 were found as 23.5 +/- 0.42, -0.37 +/- 0.016, -0.062 +/- 0.0038, 744 +/- 159, 16.5 +/- 0.42 and 47.8 +/- 1.68, respectively. For decreasing typical lactation curves, values of a, b, c, Tmax, S and R-2 were found as 27.6 +/- 0.41, -0.13 +/- 0.007, 0.051 +/- 0.0023, -567 +/- 327, 2.9 +/- 0.05 and 65.8 +/- 1.33, respectively.