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    Comparison of immunogenicities of 3 different inactivated Newcastle vaccines (Manisa, Solvay ve Intervet) using in Turkey
    (SCIENTIFIC TECHNICAL RESEARCH COUNCIL TURKEY, 1999) Erganis, O; Ok, U; Coskun, B; Inal, F; Tifik, AM
    A total of 1134 laying hens (Hysex-Brown hibrid), 3 different groups bearing 378 laying hens at each group was used, in this study done to compare immunological effects of 3 different (Solvay, Intervet and Manisa) inactivated Newcastle vaccines with mineral oil adjuvant. Same vaccination program and rations were applied to chickens during the study. Inactivated Newcastle vaccines were used according to the prospectuse by subcutaneously at 17 th weeks before laying period. Blood samples were taken from 24 hens per group, by intracardiac punction, at 3 th weeks, 5 th weeks, 9 th weeks, 13 th weeks, 17 th weeks, 22 nd weeks, 27 th weeks, 32 nd weeks, 37 th weeks, 45 th weeks and 52 nd weeks after vaccination. All sera were tested by micro hemaglutinasyon-inhibition (mHI) test Antibody titers were recorded as log2 and statical analysis was calculated by varians analysis. No significant differences were found in antibody titers among the vaccines for first nine months period (until 32 nd weeks). In the last measurements (at 37 th and 45 th weeks), higher antibody titers were obtained in Manisa group. This vaccine (Manisa) found at international quality must to combine with other vaccines (such as IB, Gumboro, EDS 76, E. coli, Salmonella, ext.,) for widespread using at poultry flocks in Turkey.
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    The effects of withdrawal of vitamin and trace mineral supplements from layer diets on egg yield and trace mineral composition
    (CARFAX PUBLISHING, 2001) Inal, F; Coskun, B; Gulsen, N; Kurtoglu, V
    1. This study was conducted as three trials. 2. In the first trial, zinc, manganese, copper and iron concentrations were determined in dietary raw materials collected from various regions of Turkey. 3. In the second trial, 200 Hisex Brown laying hens, 30 weeks of age, were divided into two groups. The first group served as controls and were fed on a standard commercial layer diet. The second group were fed on a commercial layer diet that was not supplemented with trace minerals and vitamins. Egg production, egg weight, specific gravity, food consumption and food efficiency of the birds in each group were determined. In the unsupplemented group, egg production (0.75 vs 0.83) and food intake (114 vs 122 g) were lower than the those of the control group (P<0.05). Food efficiency was 2.42 (kg food/ kg gain) in the group consuming the unsupplemented diet and 2.36 in the controls. 4. In the third trial, as in Trial 2, Hisex Brown laying hens, 62 weeks of age were used. In the unsupplemented group, the mean egg weight was significantly lower than that of controls (68.0 vs 69.6 g) (P<0.01). 5. At the end of the second and third trials, egg samples collected from experimental groups were hard boiled in water. The levels of zinc, manganese, copper and iron in the egg yolk were determined. The zinc level of the egg yolk from the control group of second trial was higher (23.5 mg/kg) than those of the unsupplemented group (13.6 mg/kg).