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Öğe Attitudes of Australian and Turkish Students of Veterinary Medicine toward Nonhuman Animals and Their Careers(BRILL ACADEMIC PUBLISHERS, 2014) Izmirli, Serdar; Yigit, Ali; Phillips, Clive Julian ChristieWe examined attitudes toward nonhuman animal welfare and rights and career aspirations in Australian and Turkish veterinary students. A representative university was selected in each country, with 190 first- and third-year students sampled in each. Survey questions addressed attitudes toward nonhuman animal welfare/rights, and intended career. Australian and Turkish students were predominately female and male, respectively, but attitudes were similar between sexes. Australian students rated keeping companion animals and hormonal desexing more acceptable, and food and rest deprivation, pain during slaughter, and using animals in experiments less acceptable than Turkish students. Keeping companion animals related strongly with students' moral values, their decision to study veterinary medicine, and program satisfaction. More Australian than Turkish students wanted to enter clinical practice. Thus veterinary students of these two culturally contrasting countries demonstrated both differences and universalities, such as companion animal keeping, which influenced their attitudes toward animals and career aspirations.Öğe Attitudes of Australian and Turkish Veterinary Faculty toward Animal Welfare(UNIV TORONTO PRESS INC, 2012) Izmirli, Serdar; Phillips, Clive J. C.The attitudes of veterinary faculty toward animal welfare were surveyed in four Australian and three Turkish veterinary schools. The former were considered to be typical of modern Western schools, with a faculty of more than 40% women and a primary focus on companion animals, whereas the latter were considered to represent more traditional veterinary teaching establishments, with a faculty of 88% men and a primary focus on livestock. A total of 116 faculty responded to the survey (42 Australian and 74 Turkish faculty members), for response rates of 30% and 33%, respectively. This survey included demographic questions as well as questions about attitudes toward animal-welfare issues. Women were more concerned than men about animal-welfare issues, especially the use of animals in experiments, zoos, entertainment, and sports and for food and clothing. Total scores demonstrated different concerns among Turkish and Australian faculty. The study demonstrates that the veterinary faculty of these two countries have different concerns for animal welfare, concerns that should be acknowledged in considering the welfare attitudes that students may adopt.Öğe Determining scientific performance of some of laboratory animal journals in veterinary science with the ethical approach(KAFKAS UNIV, VETERINER FAKULTESI DERGISI, 2011) Izmirli, Serdar; Yasar, AskinThe present study was conducted to analyses the scientific performance of the veterinary studies with considering ethical approach which were published in laboratory animal journals by using rat and mouse. The following journals were investigated in this study: ATLA-Alternatives to Laboratory Animals, Comparative Medicine, Experimental Animals, Lab Animal, Laboratory Animals, and Scandinavian Journal of Laboratory Animal Science. These journals (sourced from ISI Web of Science database) were selected on the basis that they included too many publications with rats and mice. The present study determined that there were 519 articles between 1998-2007 years relating to mice being used in laboratory animal studies. Furthermore, 190 of the articles were published with rats at the same period. It was also found that the average citation of mice publishes was higher than rats in all journals.Öğe Determining the scientific contribution of the studies with cats and dogs in veterinary science in the concept of animal ethics(KAFKAS UNIV, VETERINER FAKULTESI DERGISI, 2011) Izmirli, SerdarThis study was conducted to give information about cats and dogs in the use of scientific research and the contributions to the science. The "ISI Web of Science" database was used and the study investigated companion animals in a 10 year period from 1997-2006. It was found that there where 4.405 publications made in the world by scientists related to dogs and cats in veterinary science. The proportion of cats and dogs investigated in these publications where 30% and 70%, respectively. In this time period 99 studies were conducted about cats and dogs, in Turkey. The proportion of studies which were made in Turkey has been consisted the whole of 2.24% at the world. The 27% of these were by cats and 73% of those were with dogs. The average citations of the studies on cats and dogs were 4.00 and 4.13, respectively, in the world. Although the studies relatively appeared similar in proportion in the world, the averages of dogs (1.90) was approximately double of the averages of cats (0.96), in Turkey.Öğe An International Comparison of Female and Male Students' Attitudes to the Use of Animals(MDPI, 2011) Phillips, Clive; Izmirli, Serdar; Aldavood, Javid; Alonso, Marta; Choe, Bi; Hanlon, Alison; Handziska, AnastasijaPrevious research has demonstrated that in households where the male partner is more dominant, there is convergence in male and female attitudes towards animals, whereas if the female partner is empowered they exhibit greater empathy towards animals than the male partner. We tested this theory of 'female empowered empathy' internationally in a survey of female and male students' attitudes towards use of animals, conducted in 11 Eurasian countries: China, Czech Republic, Great Britain, Iran, Ireland, South Korea, Macedonia, Norway, Serbia, Spain and Sweden. Gender empowerment was estimated for each country using the Gender Empowerment Measure designed by the United Nations. The survey was administered via the internet in universities within countries, and 1,902 female and 1,530 male student responses from 102 universities were received. Respondents rated the acceptability of 43 major concerns about human use of animals, and the importance of 13 world social issues, including animal protection, environmental protection and sustainable development. Females had greater concern for animal welfare and rights than males. There was a positive correlation between the Gender Empowerment Measure and the ratio of female to male concern for animal welfare and rights, but not for other world issues. Thus in countries where females were more empowered, principally Sweden, Norway and Great Britain, females had much greater concern than males for animal issues, whereas in other countries the responses of males and females were more similar. Across countries female students were more likely to avoid meat and less likely to avoid eggs, milk and seafood than male students, and were more likely to have kept pets than males. Females rated cats as more sentient than males did. The results demonstrate that females have greater concern for animal welfare and rights than males, and that this is more likely to be expressed in countries where females are relatively empowered, suggesting that 'emancipated female empathy' operates across countries as well as at a local level.Öğe The relationship between student consumption of animal products and attitudes to animals in Europe and Asia(EMERALD GROUP PUBLISHING LTD, 2011) Izmirli, Serdar; Phillips, Clive J. C.Purpose - This research aims to determine the relationship between the consumption of animal products and attitudes towards animals among university students in Eurasia. Design/methodology/approach - A survey was conducted with collaborators in each country who supervised volunteers to personally invite 16,777 students to take part. The sample was composed of 3,433 students from 103 universities in 11 Eurasian countries. ANOVA was used to compare the responses. All analyses were conducted using the statistical packages Minitab 15 and SPSS 15. Findings - A total of 47 per cent of university students avoided some meat products, 4 per cent were vegetarians and 0.4 per cent vegans. Students avoiding some meat did so principally for environmental and health reasons, and beef and lamb were the meats most likely to be avoided. Vegetarians avoided meat mainly for health reasons. Vegans had greater concern about humans using animals than vegetarians, who in turn had greater concerns than those avoiding some meat. Social implications - Avoidance of animal products was related to an increased level of concern for animal rights, animal experimentation and wildlife, with vegans demonstrating the greatest concern. This implied that students' attitudes to animal welfare and rights can affect animal product-eating behaviours. Originality/value - This study conflicts with previous studies by demonstrating that health rather than environment was a major reason for vegetarianism. The study highlights the importance of environmental, health and welfare concerns but not religion in avoidance of animal products.Öğe A survey on animal welfare attitudes of veterinary surgeries, veterinary students, animal owners and society in Turkey(KAFKAS UNIV, VETERINER FAKULTESI DERGISI, 2010) Izmirli, Serdar; Yasar, AskinPublic support is a strong influence for the adoption of animal welfare in the social life. Therefore, it was important to introduced what a Turkish society attitudes toward animals and their using. A survey was conducted in a total of 1400 paricipant in seven provinces of Turkey, to improve the understanding and sensibility of animal welfare issues. The sample was chosen in a random selection of the veterinarians, veterinary students, animal owners and consumers of animal foodstuff. The result of the study revealed that respondents had great support about animal rearing that considering animal welfare. Veterinary students and veterinarians advocated animal rearing more than animal owners and consumers. More than half of respondents assumed that animal welfare problems arise according to the productivity attempts on the animals. It was also identified the most important five welfare problems unsuitable shelters, care, sickness, hunger and deficient feeding, respectively. Furthermore, the survey highlighted that care (23.7%), health services (13.5%) and shelter (12.8%) were determined to be the most worried problems in livestock's life.Öğe The wildlife protection and improvement areas in accordance with animal protection and bioethics(KAFKAS UNIV, VETERINER FAKULTESI DERGISI, 2012) Aslim, Gokhan; Yigit, Ali; Izmirli, Serdar; Yasar, AskinThe future of environment run into risk by human activities is an important issue of present days which also covers ethics and deontological aspects. Related acts as well as ethical approaches concerning with topic will be beneficial to solve the above issue. The process of Wildlife Protection and Improvement Areas has been evolved with different arrangements since 1966, in Turkey. This study aimed to evaluate the Wildlife Protection and Improvement Areas in terms of bioethics and animal protection. The study materials consisted of animal protection and local acts of wildlife (Animal Protection Act, Land Hunting Law, Fisheries Law, Decree - Law Regarding Special Environment Protection Areas, and National Parks Law), as well as several Treaties Ratified by Turkey (BERN, CITES, Ramsar and Biodiversity). Turkey has too many protection areas in various statute, such as; National Park, Nature Park, Natural Reserve Area, Natural Protected Area, Special Environment Protection, Internationally Important Wetland, Wildlife Protection and Improvement Areas. In total, it was determined 109 Wildlife Protection Areas and 79 Wildlife Improvement Areas, as well. However, 11 animal species and waterfowls have been taken under protection in Wildlife Improvement Areas. It was also emerged that the numbers of wild animals has increased and remarkable improvements have been occurred at this period in the Wildlife Improvement Areas by launching new acts. The wild animal species which are face to face with reducing generation or die out, are taken protection and some are being breeding in their natural area without giving harm to their ecosystem in accordance with Land Hunting Act. To fulfill respective aims, a protection of delicate natural balance and warrant of biodiversity are both necessary measures. In conclusion, it may be expressed the national arrangements that takes into consideration the international conventions, contributes to wildlife protection. Moreover, Turkey needs to be increased concerning studies in this respect. As a result, it can be implied that zoo-centric approach which based on the value, importance and rights of the entities should be become widespread in the Turkish society.
