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Öğe Combining ability and heterosis for concentration of mineral elements and protein in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)(TUBITAK SCIENTIFIC & TECHNICAL RESEARCH COUNCIL TURKEY, 2014) Ceyhan, Ercan; Harmankaya, Mustafa; Kahraman, AliBean is one of the most consumed pulse crops in the world. Hence, the quality of the protein and mineral content is important for producers and consumers. Line x tester methods were used to determine the combining ability and heterosis of protein content and mineral accumulation in common beans that were crosses of PV1, PV2, PV3, PV4, PV5, PV6, Sehirali 90, Alcman 98, and Yunus 90. Mean squares of line x tester interactions were significant for all of the investigated traits and indicated the prevalence of nonadditive variance; moreover, the value of the s(gca)(2)/s(sca)(2) ratio for all characters was less than 1 and indicated predominance of nonadditive gene effects. Line x tester analysis revealed significant general combining ability and specific combining ability (SCA) effects for all the traits. Among the parents, PV2 and Yunus 90 were found to have high general combining abilities for protein and minerals. The most promising specific combiners for protein and minerals were from crosses PV1 x Akman 98, PV2 x Akman 98, and PV5 x Yunus 90. The average heterosis for protein was -0.70% in the F-1 generation. The crosses PV1 x Akman 98, PV2 x Akman 98, and PV5 x Yunus 90 for protein content had significant estimates of both SCA effects and heterosis, suggesting the predominance of nonadditive gene action for the trait in these crosses. Additionally, only potassium content showed significant differences among the bean lines, while the testers exhibited nonsignificant differences for all of the investigated features. Analysis of the data indicated that the selection of parents should be based on per-seed content, as well as combining ability and heterosis, in order to improve protein and mineral contents in the common bean.Öğe Drought and It's Physiological Effects on Plants(INT SCIENTIFIC CONFERENCE SGEM, 2010) Kahraman, Ali; Önder, MustafaDrought is a stress factor that cause of limitation life activities and effects the vegetal production. Plants are the most important source that feeding necessity of the human population who increase rapidly. Drought stress, heat stress and heat shock, low heat and freezing, salinity and oxygen deficiency are the main stress factors that lead to plant growing. Because of these stress types, the biological mass and yield of plant usually decreases under of genetic potential at the end of growing season. Drought is occasions to many of metabolic, mechanical and oxidative changes. These changes related to; level and period of stress, interactions with other stress types, plant genotype, stage of growing and active on plants for adapting to limited environmental conditions as many physiological, biochemical and molecular effects.Öğe Effect of humic acid applications on the yield components in chickpea(2017) Kahraman, AliNohut, insan gıdası olarak dünya çapında tüketilen önemli baklagillerden biridir. Humik asit içeren gübrelerin kullanımı Türkiye'de son on yılda artış göstermiştir. Humik asit dozlarının (0.0-kontrol, 6.0-doz 1, 9.0doz 2 ve 12 kg da-1-doz 3) "Çağatay" isimli tescilli nohut çeşidinde verim ve önemli verim unsurları üzerine etkilerini belirlemek amacıyla Konya ekolojik şartlarında 2013 yılında yapılan bu deneme "Tesadüf Blokları Deneme Desenine"ne göre 3 tekerrürlü olarak kurulmuştur. Araştırma sonucunda; 29.56 (doz 3) - 41.44 (doz 2) bakla/bitki, %82.09 (kontrol) - %89.66 (doz 3) fertil bakla, 38.33cm (kontrol) - 54.44cm (doz 1) bitki boyu, 13.67cm (kontrol) - 16.61cm (doz 1) ilk bakla yüksekliği, 2.33 (kontrol) - 3.00 (doz 2) ana dal/bitki, 183.16 (kontrol) - 245.53 kg da-1 (doz 2) tane verimi ve 417.23g (doz 3) - 449.90g (doz 1) bin tane ağırlığı özellikleri için belirtilen değerlerin aralığında değişim gösterdiği tespit edilmiştir. Varyans analizleri sonucunda bakla/bitki, bitki boyu ve tane verimi bakımından istatistiki olarak önemli farklılıklar (p 0.01) ortaya çıkmıştır. Yapılan araştırma sonucunda Çağatay nohut çeşidinde verimle ilgili özelliklerin genel olarak 6.0 kg da-1 ve 9.0 kg da-1 humik asit dozlarında artış gösterdiği, daha yüksek dozda tane veriminde düşüş olduğu belirlenmiştir. Verim ve verimle ilgili özelliklerin geliştirilmesi için, farklı çeşitlerde ve değişen gübre dozları ile ilgili araştırmaların yapılmasına ihtiyaç olduğu söylenebilir.Öğe Effect of humic acid doses on yield and quality parameters of cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Wall)] cultivars(AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATION CENTRE, 2017) Kahraman, AliPresent research was conducted to determine the effect of humic acid (HA) on the yield and nutritional characteristics of cowpea varieties to provide an alternative crop for sustainable agricultural systems. Field trials were carried out for 2 years in Konya/Turkey ecology. HA was applied in 4 doses (0,70,110 and 150 kg he in total) on 2 cowpea varieties (Akkiz and Karagoz) and a total of 20 parameters were evaluated. Results showed that, 1000 seed weight, seed yield, protein yield, potassium and manganese showed an increasing tendency by increased dose of humic acid. Furthermore, 70 kg ha(-1) dose of humicacid recorded higher stomatal conductance and first pod height, while application of 110 kg ha(-1) of humic acid recorded higher plant height and proteinratio. Future research related with nutritional values is needed for achieving better growing techniques and mineral composition in cowpea genotypes.Öğe The effect of washing process on fuel properties in biodiesel production(SILA SCIENCE, 2012) Çelik, Mehmet; Kahraman, Ali; Acaroğlu, MustafaThe importance of fuel for world's economy and politics is an undebetable truth. Rapid decrease of world's energy resources made this unrenewable energy resource strategic. Since traditional fossil energy resources are limited and greenhouse gas emissions are becoming a greater concern, research is now being directed towards the use of alternative renewable fuels that are capable of fulfilling an increasing energy demand. One of the more promising approaches is the conversion of vegetable oils (VOs) and other feedstocks, which primarily contain triglycerides (TGs) and free fatty acids (FFAs), into biodiesel.The quality of biodiesel is related to the oil, catalyst type and quantity, methanol's oil/molar rate, reaction heat and time, purity and property of alcahols, production method, quality of washing phase, decomposition of glycerin and store conditions. In this study, raw biodiesel derived from refined cottonseed oil by transesterification has obtained biodiesel by washing with distillated pure water (DW) and deionizationed water (DEW). Physical-chemical properties of biodiesel and the effect of washing processes to the fuel properties are investigated.Öğe The Effect on Performance and Exhaust Emissions of Adding Cotton Oil Methyl Ester to Diesel Fuel(2016) Kahraman, Ali; Ciniviz, Murat; Örs, İlker; Oğuz, HidayetIn the study, engine performance and exhaust emissions of diesel fuel and cotton oil methyl ester (COME) blends at proportions of 2%, %5 and 10% (v/v) have been investigated. The engine was fuelled with COME-diesel blends and pure diesel when running the engine at six different engine speed (1000, 1200, 1400, 1600, 1800, 2000 rpm) and at full load. Test results are presented engine torque and specific fuel consumption (SCF) as engine performance, and Carbon monoxide (CO), Hydrocarbon (HC), smoke and nitrogen oxides (NOx) as exhaust emissions. As result, this study is show that although engine performance decreased with COME adding to diesel fuel, exhaust emissions was generally improved.Öğe The Effects of Storage Conditions on Viscosity of Biodiesel(TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC, 2010) Taşyürek, Mustafa; Acaroğlu, Mustafa; Kahraman, AliBiodiesel is an alternative fuel with catalyst and alcohol reaction production from vegetable oils, animal oils, and waste fried oils. Biodiesel is the primary environmentally friendly, renewable diesel fuel. Storage time and conditions of biodiesel effect flow properties of biodiesel in low temperatures are some of the problems that need to be solved before using biodiesel in diesel engines. In this study, physical and chemical properties of safflower methyl ester and palm methyl ester produced by transesterification methods are measured. The variation of viscosity with a range of temperature of 25-90 degrees C is investigated during storage and in different conditions. This study is aimed at investigating the effects of storage conditions on viscosity of biodiesel. As a result, density (kg/m(3)), viscosity (40 degrees C, mm(2)/s), flash point (degrees C), Cu corrosion test, Cetane number, cloud point (degrees C), flow point (degrees C), freezing point (degrees C), and heating values (MJ/kg) are, respectively, in the SME 880, 4.029, 180, 1a, 49.8, -4, -6, -11, 40.0, in the PME 880, 6.662, 90, 1a, 56, 9, 6, 5, 39.25 have determinate.Öğe Effects on Performance, Emission and Combustion Parameters of Addition Biodiesel and Bioethanol into Diesel Fuel(2017) Örs, İlker; Kahraman, Ali; Ciniviz, MuratIn this study, safflower based biodiesel produced in the pilot plant were blended with certainamounts of diesel fuel and bioethanol from sugar beet. Diesel fuel and the blends were testedin a direct injection diesel engine and engine performance, combustion and exhaust emissioncharacteristics were investigated. According to test results, the brake specific fuel consumptionsof biodiesel blend were about 8.51% higher than diesel fuel. Bioethanol is increased brakespecific fuel consumptions values up to 26.77%. The maximum cylinder gas pressure ofbiodiesel blend was about 0.46% higher than that of diesel fuel on average. This value wasdecreased about 1.75% with using of bioethanol. The exhaust emission results showed thatbiodiesel blend decreased carbon dioxide emissions and smoke opacity, while it increasednitrogen oxide emissions and exhaust gas temperature. Nitrogen oxide emissions, smokeopacity and exhaust gas temperature values were decreased with adding bioethanol, while itincreased carbon dioxide emissions.Öğe Ekim zamanlarının kuru fasulye genotiplerinde (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) verim, verim unsurları ve kalite özellikleri üzerine etkileri(Selçuk Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, 2014-06-11) Kahraman, Ali; Önder, MustafaBu araştırma, Konya Karaaslan Toprak ve Su Kaynakları Çölleşme ile Mücadele İstasyonu deneme alanlarında iki yıl (2010 ve 2012) süre ile, farklı tarihlerde (15 Nisan, 1 Mayıs, 15 Mayıs, 1 Haziran, 15 Haziran ve 30 Haziran) ekilen bodur kuru fasulye genotiplerinin (Akman-98, Doruk, Karacaşehir-90, Noyanbey-98, Sarıkız, Horoz ve Sarnıç) verim ile bazı tarımsal ve kalite özelliklerinin belirlenmesi amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Araştırma sonucunda, iki yılın ortalaması olarak, ekim zamanlarına göre; çıkış süresi 5.67-19.0 gün, çiçeklenme süresi 43.33-63.17 gün, klorofil içeriği 36.82 – 49.95 spad, bitkide yaprak sayısı 32.00 – 138.83 adet/bitki, yaprakçık alanı 22.48 – 69.55 cm2/yaprakçık, stoma iletkenliği 34.37-469,09 mmol m-2 s-1, bakla bağlama süresi 55.00 – 76.33 gün, bakla sayısı 11.97 – 53.17 adet/bitki, baklada tane sayısı 3.80 – 5.92 adet/bakla, bitki boyu 53.17 – 104.33 cm, ilk bakla yüksekliği 6.40 – 15.07 cm, anadal sayısı 2.93 – 5.00 adet/bitki, kök boğazı çapı 5.63 – 20.87 mm, vejetasyon süresi 82.00 – 140.17 gün, biyolojik verim 787.17 – 2478.67 kg/da, tane verimi 104.00 – 562.50 kg/da, hasat indeksi 11.33 – 69.67 %, 100 tane ağırlığı 17.13 – 47.94 g, tohum çapı 5.29 – 9.49 mm, tohum boyu 8.82 – 15.40 mm, tohum kabuğu oranı 0.08 – 0.13 %, tohum kabuğu kalınlığı 0.04 – 0.08 mm, tane rengi L değeri 91.57 – 96.34, tane rengi a değeri 0.61 – 1.34, tane rengi b değeri 11.31 – 14.55, bor miktarı 16.78-23.05 ppm, kalsiyum miktarı 0.01 – 0.18 %, kobalt miktarı 0.00 – 0.84 ppm, krom miktarı 0.36 – 10.47 ppm, bakır miktarı 1.06 – 14.17 ppm, demir miktarı 6.81 – 59.71 ppm, potasyum miktarı 0.35 – 1.69 %, magnezyum miktarı 0.01 – 0.14 %, mangan miktarı 0.97 – 19.64 ppm, molibden miktarı 0.19 – 2.34 ppm, sodyum miktarı 0.03 – 0.37 ppm, nikel miktarı 1.65 – 12.31 ppm, fosfor miktarı 0.17 – 0.98 %, kurşun miktarı 0.00 – 0.44 ppm, kükürt miktarı 0.34 – 0.42 %, çinko miktarı 2.31 – 26.27 ppm, kadminyum miktarı 0.00 – 0.06 ppm, protein oranı 23.04 – 34.08 %, protein verimi 30.48 – 146.25 kg/da, alanine miktarı 0.59 – 4.73 g/100g, arginine miktarı 0.47 – 6.43 g/100g, asparagine miktarı 1.91 – 9.77 g/100g, aspartik asit miktarı 9.04 – 18.90 g/100g, cystine miktarı 0.20 – 4.05 g/100g, glutamik asit miktarı 9.73 – 23.30 g/100g, glutamine miktarı 0.13 – 6.39 g/100g, glycine miktarı 0.20 – 9.57 g/100g, histidine miktarı 0.20 – 10.01 g/100g, isoleucine miktarı 0.20 – 11.23 g/100g, leucine miktarı 0.20 – 8.44 g/100g, lysine miktarı 0.20 – 1.89 g/100g, methionine miktarı 0.02 – 0.40 g/100g, phenlyalanine miktarı 3.21 – 13.18 g/100g, serine miktarı 0.13 – 8.17 g/100g, threonine miktarı 1.87 – 29.27 g/100g, tyriptofan miktarı 0.04 – 0.37 g/100g, tyrosine miktarı 0.70 – 7.99 g/100g, valine miktarı 0.20 – 2.79 g/100g arasında gerçekleşmiştir. Yılların, ekim zamanlarının ve genotiplerin ortalaması olarak oluşturulan dendrogramda 3 adet ana grup, 8 adet alt grup meydana gelmiştir. Bileşenler arasındaki mesafenin ise 4.60-20.25 aralığında değişim gösterdiği belirlenmiştir. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre iki yılın ortalaması olarak tohum verimi bakımından 562.50 kg/da ile 15 Nisan ekiminde Akman-98 genotipi, protein oranı bakımından % 34.08 ile 1 Haziran ekiminde Karacaşehir-90 genotipi, protein verimi bakımından 146.25 kg/da ile 15 Mayıs ekiminde Horoz genotipi, methionine miktarı bakımından 0.40 g/100g ile 15 Haziran ekiminde Karacaşehir-90 genotipi, tyriptophane miktarı bakımından ise 0.37 g/100g değeri ile yine 15 Haziran'da ekilen Karacaşehir-90 genotipi ön plana çıkmıştır.Öğe Energy and Exergy Analyses of a Diesel Engine Fuelled with Biodiesel-Diesel Blends Containing 5% Bioethanol(MDPI AG, 2016) Kul, Bahar Sayin; Kahraman, AliIn this study, energy and exergy analysis were performed for a single cylinder, water-cooled diesel engine using biodiesel, diesel and bioethanol blends. Each experiment was performed at twelve different engine speeds between 1000 and 3000 rev/min at intervals of 200 rev/min for four different fuel blends. The fuel blends, prepared by mixing biodiesel and diesel in different proportions fuel with 5% bioethanol, are identified as D92B3E5 (92% diesel, 3% biodiesel and 5% bioethanol), D85B10E5 (85% diesel, 10% biodiesel and 5% bioethanol), D80B15E5(80% diesel, 15% biodiesel and 5% bioethanol) and D75B20E5 (75% diesel, 20% biodiesel and 5% bioethanol). The effect of blends on energy and exergy analysis was investigated for the different engine speeds and all the results were compared with effect of D100 reference fuel. The maximum thermal efficiencies obtained were 31.42% at 1500 rev/min for D100 and 31.42%, 28.68%, 28.1%, 28% and 27.18% at 1400 rev/min, respectively, for D92B3E5, D85B10E5, D80B15E5, D75B20E5. Maximum exergetic efficiencies were also obtained as 29.38%, 26.8%, 26.33%, 26.15% and 25.38%, respectively, for the abovementioned fuels. As a result of our analyses, it was determined that D100 fuel has a slightly higher thermal and exergetic efficiency than other fuel blends and all the results are quite close to each other.Öğe Evaluation of farming legumes in United States of America(2017) Kahraman, AliPresent research was conducted to do an evaluation of pulse growing in the United States of America that the country is a good model of pulse production besides powerful agricultural economy and to try finding issues and supporting to increase in the pulse production for better economic development in Turkey that has high potential. Survey questions were gathered between 2011 and 2015 in 10 States of USA under 32 items by reporting the answers of totally 300 farmers. Results showed that, the managed areas are relatively bigger and number of employers is not much because of using new technologies. Growers have close collaborations with universities. Certified seed using is rare while rotation, crop insurance, inoculation of bacteria and soil analyze is applied extensively. Pulse growers are suffering from insect, anthracnose and rust. Farmers usually have on-farm storage and they can sell products easily. Main aspects of farmers are disease-insect control, fertilization, yield stability and weed control, respectively. Consequently, there is need to lower inputs and well planned production for permanence in prices, government supports, using modern growing techniques integrated with industry beside expansion of production-deliver chain, increasing the utilization diversify as fresh or dry, standardization and better relations between customers and suppliers by consider human welfare, economic development and sustainability in agriculture.Öğe FLOW STRUCTURE FROM A HORIZONTAL CYLINDER COINCIDENT WITH A FREE SURFACE IN SHALLOW WATER FLOW(VINCA INST NUCLEAR SCI, 2012) Kahraman, Ali; Ozgoren, Muammer; Sahin, BesirVortex formation from a horizontal cylinder coincident with a free surface of a shallow water flow having a depth of 25.4 mm was experimentally investigated using the particle image velocimetry technique. Instantaneous and time-averaged flow patterns in the wake region of the cylinder were examined for three different cylinder diameter values under the fully developed turbulent boundary layer condition. Reynolds numbers were in the range of 1124 <= Re <= 3374 and Froude numbers were in the range of 0.41 <= Fr <= 0.71 based on the cylinder diameter. It was found that a jet-like flow giving rise to increasing the flow entrainment between the core and wake regions depending on the cylinder diameter was formed between the lower surface of the cylinder and bottom surface of the channel. Vorticity intensity, Reynolds stress correlations, and the primary recirculating bubble lengths were grown to higher values with increasing the cylinder diameter. On the other hand, in the case of the lowest level of the jet-like flow emanating from the beneath of the smallest cylinder, the variation of flow characteristics were attenuated significantly in a shorter distance. The variation of the reattachment location of the separated flow to the free-surface is a strong function of the cylinder diameter and the Froude number.Öğe From Climate Change and Biodiversity Towards Sustainable Agriculture(Selçuk Üniversitesi, 2021) Kahraman, Ali; Negiş, İnci ŞahinAgriculture is part of both problem and solution of climatic change besides being one of the most important entire global financial systems. Human pressure on climate is changing quite faster than ever and predicted irreversible destructions over the world. Strategies environment conservation are focused on nature, atmosphere, soil, and every single component of the organisms. From this perspective, all the living organisms are threatened by climatic effects. The worst affects and extinction have been started to be seen on many endemic species. Climate and biodiversity are under destructive effects of human activities while irreversible affects might be destructive for human as well by the main effects on human health, extinction of species, narrowing on living space, disruption of life balance, changes in climate, ecological problems, natural disasters, exhaustion of natural resources, loss of efficiency and yield, etc. disasters which are tending to the term of sustainability of life. Threats to environment might be decreased by support of governments but actually possible by volunteering of public in national and global scales. Present paper reviews the highlights about current statues of climatic changes and threats on biodiversity by summarizing some important issues. Climatefriendly management strategies are required to decrease the agricultural N2O emissions, increasing of people (especially for farmers) awareness, pay attention for sustainable agriculture systems, composting of organic wastes, support to carbon sequestration, well planned grazing of livestock, using of renewable green and effective energy, government investments for protection of biodiversity. It is also recommended that; nature education for everyone is an important issue and essential for solving the problems. Giving information to human about the nature should be well-planned by governments and every single person should be aware the global importance of the topic.Öğe GENETIC ANALYSIS OF YIELD AND SOME CHARACTERS IN PEAS(AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATION CENTRE, 2013) Ceyhan, Ercan; Kahraman, AliIn this research, the genetic structure was investigated by using the Jinks-Hayman analysis type in terms of agronomical characteristics of the parents and their crosses which were evaluated from 5 X 5 reciprocal diallele pea population. The means of investigated characteristics was done by using variance. According to the results of diallele analysis, the variance of additive gene was found nonsignificant for all the investigated characteristics. The variance of dominance was found significant for all the characteristics except 100 seed weight. There were the effect of dominance for all the characteristics in accordance with D-H-1 difference. Genetic variance components population and interjacent rate estimating and regression graphic analysis for Wr and Vr values were made for whole characteristics. The analysis for some agronomic characteristics showed that the population had a sufficient level of genetically variation. Additionally, the recessive genes had more effects on plant height and seed per plant, dominant genes had more effects on number of pods, seed per pod, 100 seed weight and seed yield in population.Öğe Global Climate Changes and Its Effect on Field Crops(INT SCIENTIFIC CONFERENCE SGEM, 2010) Önder, Mustafa; Kahraman, AliDrought is the most important and one of the leading natural disasters in the world. The fossil fuel burn, forests annihilation, industrial activities and the other human activities not only take together to rise carbon dioxide, methane, ozone and dinitrogen monoxide that called "greenhouse gasses" but also these factors cause greenhouse and finally the world warming. All these events that called as "Global Warming" occasion to climate changes, inside Turkey and especially the region of South Europe. Those areas will be affected quite arid and hot climate according to researchers. Venture that feed capacity for population from natural sources of the world decrease and die millions of people due to hunger, all living life are under danger. So that, the field crops that have more than 3/4 area of the agricultural area in the world has to determined which plant species resistant to drought stress and tolerance mechanism, preservation of drought resistant plant genetic sources and transfer and so on could be take effective role to decrease deficits of drought impact.Öğe Heat Transfer Effects on the Performance of an Air Standard Otto Cycle(Selçuk Üniversitesi, 2011) Demirpolat, Havva; Ateş, Ali; Demirpolat, Süleyman Orkun; Kahraman, AliThere are heat losses during the cycle of a real engine that are neglected in ideal air standard analysis. In this paper the performance of an air-standard Otto cycle with heat transfer loss and variable specific heats of working fluid is analyzed by using finite-time thermodynamics. Heat transfer from the unburned mixture to the cylinder walls has a negligible effect on the performance for the compression process. Additionally, the heat transfer rates to the cylinder walls during combustion are the highest and extremely important. Therefore, we assume that the compression and power processes proceed instantaneously so that they are reversible adiabatics, and the heat losses during the heat rejection process can be neglected. The heat loss through the cylinder wall is assumed to occur only during combustion and is further assumed to be proportional to the average temperature of both the working fluid and the cylinder wall. The results show that the effects of heat transfer loss and variable specific heats of working fluid on the cycle performance are obvious, and they should be considered in practice cycle analysis. Higher heat transfer to the combustion chamber walls lowers the peak temperature and pressure and reduces the work per cycle and the efficiency. The effects of other parameters, in conjunction with the heat transfer, including combustion constants and intake air temperature, are also reported. The results are of importance to provide good guidance for the performance evaluation and improvement of practical real engines.Öğe Heavy Metal Contents of Barley (Hordeum SP.) Plants at Areas Around the City(INT SCIENTIFIC CONFERENCE SGEM, 2010) Akgün, Necdet; Topal, Ali; Kahraman, AliThis study was conducted to analyze concentrations of heavy metals in plants and soils of barley fields which were growing around of Konya city (Central Anatolia, Turkey). The samples of plants and soils were collected from different areas of two directions (North and South) and two distances (0 and 50 km) of the city. The samples of plants were analyzed for heavy metals (Pb, Zn, Cu, Cr, Ni) measured by ICP-OES. The samples of soils were also analyzed for basic chemical properties (pH, humus and carbonate contents). The results revealed a large variability within the nearness and direction of the city for heavy metal contents of both plant and soil samples. Generally, higher amounts of heavy metals in samples taken near (0 km) the city were observed.Öğe HEAVY METAL CONTENTS OF BARLEY (HORDEUM SP.) PLANTS AT AREAS AROUND THE MAIN ROADS(INT SCIENTIFIC CONFERENCE SGEM, 2010) Akgün, Necdet; Topal, Ali; Kahraman, AliThis study was conducted to analyze concentrations of heavy metals in plants and soils of barley fields standing along main roads of Konya city (Central Anatolia, Turkey). The samples of plants and soils were collected from different areas of two distances (0 and 1 km) of main roads and analyzed for heavy metals (Pb, Zn, Cu, Cr, Ni) measured by ICP-OES. The samples of soils were also analyzed for basic chemical properties (pH, humus and carbonate contents). The results revealed a large variability within the nearness and direction of main roads for heavy metal contents of both plant and soil samples. Generally, higher amounts of heavy metals in samples taken near (0 km) the main roads were observed.Öğe Investigation of the Performance of a Heat Pump Using Waste Water as a Heat Source(MOLECULAR DIVERSITY PRESERVATION INTERNATIONAL-MDPI, 2009) Kahraman, Ali; Celebi, AlaeddinIn this research, a water-water heat pump system using waste water as a heat source, a type that is not often used in Turkey and the World, was experimentally modeled. The experiments were performed under the conditions of simulated waste water temperature values of 20 degrees C, 30 degrees C and 40 degrees C. Inlet and outlet water temperatures of the evaporator and condenser, water flow rates in the evaporator and condenser circuits, pressures at the compressor inlet and outlet and power consumption of the system were measured. The heating coefficients of performance were calculated based on the measurements. It was found that the maximum temperature in the energy storage tank was about 50.6 degrees C. For the heat source temperatures of 20 degrees C, 30 degrees C and 40 degrees C, the heating coefficients of the performance of the system became 3.36, 3.43 and 3.69, respectively, 6 min. after the start time of the experiments and then they were decreased to 1.87, 1.83 and 1.77 with increasing water temperature in the condenser tank. The mean uncertainty value of the measurement parameters was found to be about +/-2.47%. Finally, for the purpose of meeting hot water need as well as floor heating system requirements, it is seen that energy quality level of a waste low grade temperature heat source can be increased by using a heat pump system.Öğe Konya bölgesinde yetiştirilen bodur kuru fasulye (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) populasyonlarının genetik farklılıklarının ve bazı kalite özelliklerinin belirlenmesi(Selçuk Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, 2008-07-17) Kahraman, Ali; Önder, MustafaBodur kuru fasulye populasyonları arasındaki genetik farklılıkların ve bazı kalite özelliklerinin belirlenmesi amacıyla yapılan bu araştırma Selçuk Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesine ait kontrollü sera ve Moleküler Genetik laboratuvarında 2007 yılında yapılmıştır. Araştırmada Konya ili merkez, ilçe ve köylerinden toplanan 38 populasyon ile 4 tescilli çeşit kullanılmıştır. Bu araştırmada populasyonlar arasındaki genetik farklılıklar moleküler düzeyde yapılan ISSR yöntemiyle, tanelerin protein oranları Keldhal cihazı ile yaş yakma yöntemiyle ve tanelerin bitki besin maddesi içerikleri ICP cihazıyla belirlenmiştir. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre, populasyonların genetik yönden başlıca 3 ana gruba ayrıldığı, protein oranlarının 20.11 ? 28.59 arasında değiştiği ve bu farklılığın istatistiki olarak önemli (p<0.01) olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Tanelerin element içerikleri farklılık göstermesine rağmen tüm elementlerde populasyonlar arasındaki farklılıklar istatistiki olarak önemli olmamıştır.
