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    Determination of the active lenticel numbers in some types and varieties fruit
    (ASIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY, 2008) Ersoy, Nilda; Cetin, Hilal; Kankaya, Abdullah; Karakus, Aydin
    The losses in products like loss of weight in fruit and vegetables, wilting wizening, the structure of the lenticels intensity on the surface of the fruit is important. The more the lenticels and other openings on fruit surface are the faster the metabolic phenomena such as respiration, transpiration, etc. Fruit samples belonging to Braeburn, Granny Smith, Starkrimson Delicious, Golden Delicious (apple), Angeleno, Globe Sun, October Sun, TC Sun (plum), Esme (quince) varieties were used in the experiment to determine their active lenticels numbers. The number of lenticels on unit surface, which provide the connection between interior and exterior environments on epidermis, was found to be between 12.96 and 19.96 depending on the types and varieties used in the experiment. When the differences between the numbers of lenticels on the whole surfaces of apple, plum and quince varieties are taken into account, the highest value belongs to the Breaburn (242.9 number/fruit) apple variety whereas the lowest value belongs to TC Sun plum (56.6 number/fruit) variety.
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    Levels of some endogenous plant hormones during the flowering period in loquat (Eriobotrya japonica Lindl.)
    (ASIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY, 2008) Ersoy, Nilda; Kaynak, Lami; Kankaya, Abdullah
    Changes in the amount of endogenous phytohormones were determined in loquat flowers. Samples were chosen among flowers in the beginning bloom stage, full bloom stage and the end of the flowering period. Among these samples, amounts of free-, bound-and total-forms of some endogenous plant hormones (indole-3-acetic acid, gibberellic acid, abscisic acid, zeatin) were separated from plant extract and quantified by high performance liquid chromatography using a reversedphase C-18 column. According to the results, indole-3-acetic acid level did not change during the flowering period in Gold Nugget cultivar, but it was observed to be high in Akko XIII cultivar in the initiation of flowering period. Level of gibberellic acid in the flowers decreased from initiation of flowering period till the end of it. During flowering period abscisic acid level dramatically increased and reached its maximum, which indicates that abscisic acid might play an active role in flowering process. Zeatin was observed in high levels in both the initiation and the end of flowering period. Its level, however, was determined to be minimum at the full bloom stage.
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    Some endogenous hormones in loquat
    (ASIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY, 2008) Ersoy, Nilda; Kaynak, Lami; Kankaya, Abdullah
    This work was carried out grown in an orchard of Citrus and Greenhouse Research Institute in Antalya. Fruit samples were taken from loquat trees (Eriobotrya japonica Lindl. cvs Gold Nugget and Akko XIII) on small, medium-size and ripe-fruit stages. Changes in the amounts of endogenous gibberellic acid (GA(3)), indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), abscisic acid (ABA) and zeatin (Z) during these growth periods of the loquat. IAA, GA(3) ABA and Z were separated from plant extract and quantified by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) using a reversed-phase C-18 column. Analysis of hormones was performed on a separate basis for seed and pericarp and levels of these hormones were found. According to the results, total-IAA was found high level in fruit flesh and seed samples in the small and mature loquat fruits. GA(3) was low level in mature fruit but it was high in the seed samples in the same period. ABA level was found maximum in the small fruit in the both of the fruit flesh and seeds. Level of zeatin was found maximum in the small fruit's flesh and seeds.