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Öğe An aggressive parameningeal rhabdomyosarcoma with multiple spinal cord metastases: a case report and review of the literature(SPRINGER, 2017) Yavas, Guler; Karabagli, Pinar; Paksoy, Yahya; Yavas, Cagdas; Karabagli, Hakan; Koksal, YavuzPurpose Spinal cord metastasis from rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is extremely rare, with three cases reported to date. Herein, we report an aggressive case of RMS of the infratemporal fossa who which developed spinal cord metastases during treatment. Case presentation A 6-year-old girl presented with an enlarging painless mass around her right ear for 3 months. An enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a 5 x x4 x x4.5 5 cm mass on her right infratemporal fossa. A tru-cut biopsy was performed, and histopathologic examination revealed the diagnosis of rhabdomyosarcoma. At the time of the diagnosis, cerebrospinal fluid cytology was negative for malignant cells. The patient underwent induction chemotherapy. There was minimal response to chemotherapy, and the patient underwent curative radiotherapy. However, by 12th fraction of RT, the patient developed a progressive weakness on her lower extremity. Spinal MRI revealed multiple gross masses in different parts of the spinal cord. The local radiotherapy was changed toas craniospinal radiotherapy. However, two 2 weeks after the completion of the RT, the patient developed sepsis and expired because of septic shock. Conclusion Parameningeal RMS is a peculiar subgroup of RMS, which needs an aggressive approach. Despite aggressive approach, meningeal spread is the most important cause of the treatment failure. We should keept in mind that during the treatment, there can be meningeal spread towards to either the brain or spinal cord; therefore, we should follow -up the patients closely from this aspect.Öğe Aggressive rhabdoid meningioma with osseous, papillary and chordoma-like appearance(WILEY, 2014) Karabagli, Pinar; Karabagli, Hakan; Yavas, GulerMeningiomas are the most common primary intracranial tumors. They are usually benign and slowly growing; however, they may show histologically malignant features categorizing them into grade II or III of World Health Organization (WHO) classification. Rhabdoid meningioma (RM) is an uncommon meningioma variant categorized as WHO grade III. The clinical course of RM is determined by local recurrences, invasion of adjacent brain and/or dura, widespread leptomeningeal dissemination, remote metastases and fatal clinical outcome. Herein we report a case with recurrent aggressive left occipital parasagittal region RM in which the patient initially declined radiation treatment. The tumor was resected four times in 5 years. Histopathological examination revealed a rhabdoid meningioma with metaplastic, papillary and chordoid differentiation. Six months after her fourth operation the patient died of progressive disease. RM is a rare subtype of malignant meningioma and the role of different adjuvant therapeutic options are still unknown. Clinical presentation, radiological features and pathologic findings of this uncommon tumor are discussed.Öğe Approach to a Patient with Multiple Lung and Brain Carcinomas(GAZI UNIV, FAC MED, 2016) Rencber, Fahri; Kaptan, Hulagu; Karabagli, PinarWe report a case of lung cancer with multiple metastases to the brain. A 55 year-old man suffered onset severe cough and dyspnea. He had no history of any systemic disease. Standard blood work-up was normal. Computed tomographic and bronchoscopic biopsy identified an asymptomatic primary pulmonary large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma in the left upper lobe of the lungs and less differentiated squamous cell carcinoma right upper lobe of the lungs. He also received chemotherapy and radiation therapy to treat the primary lung cancer. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain revealed multiple intracranial tumors, including 3 cm metastatic mass in left temporal lobe and 3,5 cm metastatic mass in right frontal lobe. There were no metastatic findings in any other organs. First of all, the patient underwent a right frontotemporal approach with total microsurgical resection and after time underwent a left temporal approach with total microsurgical resection. He made good recovery and discharged.Öğe Association of ring box-1 protein overexpression with clinicopathologic prognostic parameters in prostate carcinoma(ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC, 2016) Celik, Zeliha Esin; Kaynar, Mehmet; Dobur, Fatma; Karabagli, Pinar; Goktas, SerdarAim: To determine the expression of Ring Box-1 (RBX-1) protein in prostate carcinoma (PCa) and the association between RBX-1 expression and clinicopathologic prognostic parameters. Material and methods: Relevant data such as age, preoperative serum PSA values, and tumor stage were obtained from 51 patients' with PCa record who underwent radical prostatectomy between January 2010 and March 2014. Hematoxylin-eosin stained pathology slides were evaluated by 2 pathologists blinded to patients' data in order to determine Gleason grade groups, tumor stage, tumor volume, capsule invasion, lymphovascular invasion, perineural invasion, and seminal vesicle invasion Immunoreactivity scoring system (IRS) was used to determine RBX-1 expressions. Results: A statistically significant difference was determined in terms of RBX-1 expression between non tumoral prostate tissue, high grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (H-PIN) and carcinoma foci (P = 0.001). RBX-1 expression in the Gleason pattern 4 was higher than the Gleason pattern 3 and H-PIN foci as well as non tumoral prostate tissue. Likewise, in cases with PSA levels of > 10.1 ng/ml, RBX-1 expression was higher than those <= 10 ng/ml. Moreover, RBX-1 expression of stage II cases was higher than stage I (P = 0.019), RBX-1 expression of stage III higher than stage I cases (P = 0.044). However, RBX-1 expression was not related with clinicopathologic parameters including patient age, tumor volume, lymphovascular invasion, perineural invasion, seminal vesicle invasion, or capsule invasion. Conclusions: RBX-1 protein is overexpressed in PCa and associated with clinicopathologic prognostic parameters related with biological potential of the aggressive disease. Further studies of basic and molecular science are needed to reveal clinical and therapeutic implications of RBX-1 in PCa. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.Öğe Autoimmune hepatitis-primary biliary cirrhosis overlap syndrome concomitant with immune hemolytic anemia and immune thrombocytopenic purpura (Evans syndrome)(ELSEVIER MASSON, CORPORATION OFFICE, 2013) Korkmaz, Huseyin; Bugdaci, Mehmet Sait; Temel, Tuncer; Dagli, Mehmet; Karabagli, PinarAutoimmune hepatitis (AIH) and primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) associated with Evans syndrome; combination of autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) and immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) has rarely been reported. We report the case of a 53-year-old patient who presented with weakness, myalgia, arthralgia, shortness of breath and purpura. Initial laboratory investigations revealed liver dysfunction, anemia and thrombocytopenia. Anti-nuclear (ANA) and antimitochondrial M2 (AMA M2) antibodies were positive. Diagnose of PBC-AIH overlap was made by clinical, serological and histological investigations. AIHA and ITP was identified with clinical-laboratory findings and bone marrow puncture. She was treated with IVIG followed by prednisolone and ursodeoxycholic acid. Hemoglobin-thrombocytes increased rapidly and transaminases improved at day 8. We have reported the first case in the literature with AIH-PBC overlap syndrome concurrent by ITP and AIHA which suggest the presence of shared genetic susceptibility factors in multiple autoimmune conditions including AIH, PBC, ITP and AIHA. (C) 2012 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.Öğe Beaded Papules Along the Eyelid Margins(QUADRANT HEALTHCOM INC, 2016) Bilgic, Ozlem; Hira, Huseyin; Altinyazar, Hilmi Cevdet; Karabagli, Pinar[Abstract not Available]Öğe Benign Malformative Lesion of the Skull: Hamartoma with Ectopic Elements or Choristoma?(DE GRUYTER OPEN LTD, 2017) Meram, Ece; Karabagli, Hakan; Glastonbury, Christine; Tihan, Tarik; Karabagli, PinarHamartoma and choristoma are terms that describe non-neoplastic, mass-forming malformative lesions. Although each lesion has a different composition, they have been used interchangeably in many reports, especially for malformative lesions containing ectopic or heterologous elements. We report a three month-old girl who was brought to the clinic with a mass lesion at the posterior fontanel, composed of predominantly osteo-cartilaginous tissue admixed with skeletal muscle, peripheral nerve tissue, and ganglion. The mass was resected completely. The composition of this benign lesion with ectopic elements was consistent with an osteo-cartilaginous hamartoma. We discuss the biological and clinical aspects such malformative lesions within the skull to highlight the inconsistencies of the nomenclature used in the literature.Öğe A Case of Ancient Schwannoma(CUKUROVA UNIV, FAC MEDICINE, 2015) Oncel, Murat; Sunam, Guven Sadi; Yildiran, Huseyin; Karabagli, Pinar; Keles, Burcu; Altintas, KubraAncient schwannomas are rarely seen tumors. Generally they are located in retroperitoneum. They can arrive larger diameters without clinical symptoms. Radiological imaging is beneficial for location and morphology of tumor. The treatment is surgical resection of tumor. It is diagnosed by pathology specimen.Öğe The Cervical Epidural Space Metastasis of Ewing's Sarcoma(JOURNAL NEUROLOGICAL SCIENCES, 2013) Kaptan, Hulagu; Karabagli, Pinar; Karabagli, Hakan; Koktekir, Ender; Akdemir, GokhanEwing's sarcoma is a primary bone malignancy with the highest incidence in the first to third decades of life. That in both locations follow a rapid course with metastasis to lung and bone. Ewing's sarcoma of the spine is a rare condition that appears with a clinical triad of local pain, neurological deficit and a palpable mass. The definitive management of Ewing's sarcoma of the spine, as in other locations, could include three main modalities: surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. In the presence of acute neurological decompensation, decompressive surgery via an appropriate approach should be performed. In this study; a 32-year-old male with a sudden progressive severe upper extremity spastic paresis and paraplegy has been presented. We wanted to discuss the preoperative process and treatment modalities.Öğe Comparison of the Diagnostic Accuracy of Five Different Stool Antigen Tests for the Diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori Infection(WILEY, 2013) Korkmaz, Huseyin; Kesli, Recep; Karabagli, Pinar; Terzi, YukselBackground: Several noninvasive diagnostic tests based on the detection of Helicobacter pylori stool antigen (HpSA) have been developed. The aim of the study was to compare the diagnostic accuracy of 5 HpSA tests-2 monoclonal enzyme immunoassay tests (EIAs: the Premier Platinum HpSA Plus test and Helicobacter pylori Antigen (Hp Ag) test) and 3 rapid immunochromatographic assay (ICA) tests (the ImmunoCard STAT! HpSA test, one step HpSA test, and H. pylori fecal antigen test)-for diagnosing H. pylori infection in adult patients with dyspeptic symptoms before eradication therapy. Materials and Methods: A total of 198 patients with dyspeptic symptoms were included in the study. A gastric biopsy was collected for histopathology and rapid urease testing. Stool specimens for HpSA testing were also collected. Patients were considered H. pylori positive if two invasive tests (histological and rapid urease tests) were positive. Results: The sensitivity and specificity were 92.2% and 94.4%, respectively, for the Premier Platinum HpSA Plus test; 48.9% and 88.9%, respectively, for the HP Ag test; 86.7% and 88.9, respectively, for the One Step HpSA test; 68.9% and 92.6%, respectively, for the ImmunoCard STAT! HpSA test; and 78.9% and 87%, respectively, for the H. Pylori fecal antigen test. Conclusions: The Premier Platinum HpSA Plus EIA test was determined to be the most accurate stool test for diagnosing H. pylori infections in adult dyspeptic patients. The currently available ICA-based tests are fast and easy to use but provide less reliable results.Öğe Desmoplastic non-infantile astrocytic tumor with BRAF V600E mutation(SPRINGER JAPAN KK, 2014) Karabagli, Pinar; Karabagli, Hakan; Kose, Dogan; Kocak, Nadir; Etus, Volkan; Koksal, Yavuz[Abstract not Available]Öğe DETERMINATION OF SERA NGAL LEVELS IN PATIENTS WITH LUNG CANCER AND ITS RELATION WITH APOPTOSIS(PARLAR SCIENTIFIC PUBLICATIONS (P S P), 2018) Ozturk, Bahadir; Ciftci, Harun; Vatansev, Husamettin; Gun, Fatma Gul; Sunam, Guven Sami; Oncel, Murat; Karabagli, PinarThe NGAL synthesis induces in neoplasms; therefore, probably, it is benefited from the level of this protein for the determination of carcinogenesis and the progress stages of human tumors. In this study, it was aimed to investigate the expression of NGAL (neutrophil gelatinase associated lipocalin) in lung cancer patients and its relation with apoptosis. The study was conducted on the patients between the ages of 40 and 70 years accepted by the Thoracic Surgery Clinic (Selcuk University, Faculty of Medicine) based on their lung cancer diagnosis. The patients aged between 40 and 70 were included in the study from the thoracic surgery clinic of the Selcuk University as they were administered into the clinic based on their lung cancer diagnosis and had operation before. Patients who have acute stroke, rheumatic diseases, chronic kidney disease, congestive heart failure, chronic infection and other organ and system cancers (except lung cancer) were excluded from the study. Two groups including a lung cancer group (N=40) and a normal group (N=40) were formed to determine the NGAL and M30 levels in sera of patients using the ELISA method. According to the analysis results, the NGAL levels for the lung cancer group and the normal group were observed as 424.03 +/- 74.49 and 374.04 +/- 90.34 ng/mL, respectively. This increase in the lung cancer group was found statistically significant according to the normal group (p < 0.01). The M30 levels, marker for apoptosis in circulation, were obtained as 144.08 +/- 45.91 and 118.76 +/- 46.16 U/L for the lung cancer group and the normal group, respectively. This increase in the lung cancer group was found statistically significant according to the normal group (p < 0.01). A positive correlation was obtained between the NGAL and M30 data by means of Spearman's correlation test (r(40)=0.58, p < 0.01). The antigen levels of caspase 3, 8 and 9 were determined by the immunohistochemical staining methods in the samples of cancerous tissues and normal tissues adjacent to the cancerous tissue, and the apoptotic indexes were calculated. The apoptotic indexes of the cancerous tissues were significantly lower than the normal tissues (p < 0.01). This result demonstrates that the predominant type of cell death might be other cell death pathways rather than the apoptotic pathways in lung cancer. In addition, these results support the opinion about the fact that apoptosis may be inhibited by cancer cells in cancerous tissues. The significant increase in the M30 and NGAL levels supports the claims of the previous studies about the fact that it causes the consumption of cellular iron reserves and NGAL induced apoptosis in cancer patients.Öğe Diagnostic efficacy of diffusion-weighted MRI for pre-operative assessment of myometrial and cervical invasion and pelvic lymph node metastasis in endometrial carcinoma(WILEY-BLACKWELL, 2014) Koplay, Mustafa; Dogan, Nasuh Utku; Erdogan, Hasan; Sivri, Mesut; Erol, Cengiz; Nayman, Alaaddin; Karabagli, PinarIntroduction: To determine the diagnostic accuracy of diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DW-MRI) for the pre-operative assessment of patients with endometrial carcinoma and to assess myometrial and cervical invasion as well as pelvic lymph node metastasis. Methods: Fifty-eight women who underwent surgery for histopathologically confirmed endometrial carcinoma were included in the current study. Prior to surgery, patients were evaluated using pelvic DW-MRI and gadolinium-enhanced T1-weighted imaging (Gd-T1WI). Gd-T1WI was evaluated together with T2-weighted images. DW-MR images were obtained in the axial plane using echo-planar spin-echo pulse sequences with different b factors. Endometrial carcinomas were observed as areas of increased intensity on DW-MRI images, and their intensity was compared with the surrounding hypo-intense myometrium. Pre-operative DW-MRI and Gd-T1WI results were compared with post-operative histopathological findings that served as reference standards. Results: The sensitivity, specificity, positive (PPV) and negative predictive values (NPV), and diagnostic accuracy of DW-MRI for differentiation between superficial myometrial invasion and deep myometrial invasion were 85%, 89%, 81%, 92% and 88%, respectively. The sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic accuracy rates were 82%, 91% and 89.6% for cervical invasion and 100%, 96% and 96.5% for pelvic lymph node metastasis, respectively. The sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV, and diagnostic accuracy of Gd-T1WI for differentiation between superficial myometrial invasion and deep myometrial invasion were 85%, 81.5%, 71%, 91% and 83%, respectively. The sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic accuracy were 73%, 89% and 86% for cervical invasion, respectively. Conclusions: These findings suggest that DW-MRI may be a good diagnostic tool with high sensitivity and specificity for assessing myometrial invasion and detecting tumour extension. We suggest that DW-MRI should be considered as a routine part of the pre-operative pelvic MRI in all patients with endometrial carcinoma.Öğe Diagnostic Value of Visual Examination of Cervical Polypoid Lesions and Predictors of Misdiagnosis(LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS, 2016) Ucar, Mustafa Gazi; Ilhan, Tolgay Tuyan; Ucar, Rahime Merve; Karabagli, Pinar; Celik, CetinObjectives This study reviews occasions when cervical polyps removed in an outpatient setting proved not to be cervical polyps histologically. We aimed to identify any anatomical and/or clinical characteristics that predict "incorrect diagnosis in general practice. Methods A retrospective study of consecutive 345 patients who were initially diagnosed with cervical polyps based on a routine gynecological examination in an outpatient setting was included. After histopathological examination, the patients were divided into 2 groups: those with cervical (correct diagnosis, n = 307) and falsely diagnosed with cervical polyps (FDP, n = 38). These 2 groups were compared in terms of age, signs and symptoms, and size of the polypoid lesions. Results The initial clinical diagnosis was correct in 307, giving a positive predictive value of 89%. There were no significant difference between the groups with respect to age of patients (p = 0.59) and the size of the lesions (p = 0.42). According to our study, among misdiagnosed patients, nabothian cysts and cervicitis were the most common histological findings; FDPs were more often symptomatic (p < 0.001) and coexisted more frequently with inflammation or ulceration (p < 0.001). All FDPs were developing within the endocervical canal. There were no instances of FDPs that arise from ectocervix. Symptomatic polypoids have a higher risk of preliminary misdiagnosis (OR = 13.0; 95% confidence interval, 3.0-55.1). Conclusions All cervical polypoid lesions must be sent to pathology because visual diagnosis is not sufficiently accurate to direct patient care.Öğe Differential diagnosis between secondary and tertiary hyperparathyroidism in a case of a giant-cell and brown tumor containing mass. Findings by Tc-99m-MDP, F-18-FDG PET/CT and (99)mTc-MIBI scans(HELLENIC SOC NUCLEAR MEDICINE, 2014) Gedik, Gonca Kara; Ata, Ozlem; Karabagli, Pinar; Sari, OktayBrown tumor is one of the skeletal manifegtations of hyperparathyroidism. It is a benign but locally aggressive bone lesion and its differential diagnosis with giant cell containing skeletal tumors or metastases may be complicated. We present a male patient with chronic renal failure who was initially misdiagnosed as having a giant-cell rich neoplasm of bone in his right thumb. Diffusely increased fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (F-18-FDG) uptake in the axial and appendicular skeleton and multiple F-18-FDG avid lytic lesions suggesting multiple metastases were observed on the F-18-FDG positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) scan. On the usual technetium-99m methylene diphosphonate (Tc-99m-MDP) bone scan we noticed diffusely increased uptake in the skeleton and two focuses with very much increased uptake, which suggested a metabolic bone disease rather than a multiple metastatic giant cell tumor or bone metastases. Additional investigation documentated increased levels of parathyroid hormone. Parathyroid hyperplasia was finally diagnosed with Tc-99m-methoxyisobutylisonitrile (MIBI) parathyroid scintigraphy. Fluorine-18-FDG avid lytic lesions were attributed to hyerparathyroidism associated brown tumors instead of multiple metastases. In conclusion, we present a patient with chronic renal insufficiency, who suffered from secondary and later from tertiary HPT with polyostotic brown tumors, which were best shown by the F-18-FDG PET/CT than by the Tc-99m-MDP or the Tc-99m-MIBI scans.Öğe Does "cerebellar liponeurocytoma" always reflect an expected site? An unusual case with a review of the literature(TERMEDIA PUBLISHING HOUSE LTD, 2014) Karabagli, Pinar; Sav, Aydin; Pamir, NecmettinA rare tumour, cerebellar liponeurocytoma, is classified into glioneuronal tumours under the 2000 World Health Organization (WHO) classification of tumours of the central nervous system. The current 2007 WHO classification, therefore, assigns grade II to the cerebellar liponeurocytoma. Tumours are predominantly localized in cerebellar hemispheres, and the second most common location is the vermis. To date, approximately 40 reported cases of cerebellar and 10 cases of supratentorial introventricular liponeurocytoma have been reported. In this report, an unusual case of cerebellar liponeurocytoma was presented with extracerebellar location. In the future tumour classification, it should be considered that liponeurocytomas are not restricted only to the cerebellum, but they are located in supratentorial areas as well.Öğe Does "Cerebellar Liponeurocytoma" Always Reflect an Indolent Biological Behaviour?: An Unusual Case With Review of The Literature(JOURNAL NEUROLOGICAL SCIENCES, 2012) Sav, Aydin; Karabagli, Pinar; Deda, HalukA rare tumor, cerebellar liponeurocytoma is classified into glioneuronal tumors under the 2000 World Health Organization (WHO) classification of tumors of the central nervous system. The current 2007 WHO classification assigns grade II to the cerebellar liponeurocytoma. Tumors are predominantly localized in cerebellar hemispheres, and the second most common location is the vermis. In the report, an unusual case of cerebellar liponeurocytoma was presented with clinically and histologically aggresive features. In future tumor classification, it should be considered that its biologic behavior is not as indolent as suggested by current literature. This tumor should be regarded as an uncertain malignant potential lesion when mitoses are present and the MIB-1 positive cells are more than 10%.Öğe The effects of melatonin and colchicine on ischemia-reperfusion injury in experimental rat testicular torsion model(W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC, 2017) Sekmenli, Tamer; Gunduz, Metin; Ozturk, Bahadir; Karabagli, Pinar; Ciftci, Ilhan; Tekin, Gulsum; Yilmaz, MustafaPurpose: The aim of the present study is to investigate the efficiency of colchicine and melatonin in an experimental rat testicular torsion model in the light of histological and biochemical data. Methods: A total of 34 Wistar albino male rats were randomly divided into 5 groups as: Group C (control, n= 6), Group S (sham; underwent only left scrotal exploration, n= 7), Group TD (torsion and detorsion; 6 h of ischemia and 7 days of reperfusion, n= 7), Group TD/M (TD + Melatonin; 6 h of ischemia and 7 days of reperfusion and 7 days of 17 mg/kg intraperitoneal melatonin per day, n = 7), group TD/Col (TD + Colchicine; 6 h of ischemia and 7 days of reperfusion and 7 days of 1 mg/kg oral colchicine per day, n = 7). Histopathologic evaluation of seminiferous tubule deterioration was performed by Johnsen's scoring system. Total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS), IL-6, TNF alpha levels were analyzed in each group. Results: The histopathologic scores, total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS), IL-6, TNF alpha levels in groups C and TD/Col were significantly lower than groups TD and TD/M (P < .001). Conclusion: Our study results revealed that colchicine reduced testicular ischemia-reperfusion injury in experimental rat testis torsion model. Although detorsion of testis is crucial for the preserving the testicular viability, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory treatment modalities like colchicine might help to reduce ischemia-reperfusion injury in detorsed testis. (C) 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.Öğe Eosinophilic Cystitis: A Rare Cause of Nocturnal Enuresis in Children(KOWSAR PUBL, 2016) Kilic, Ozcan; Akand, Murat; Gul, Murat; Karabagli, Pinar; Goktas, SerdarIntroduction: Eosinophilic cystitis (EC) is a rare and poorly understood inflammatory condition, characterized by eosinophilic infiltration of all layers of the bladder wall, which mimics bladder tumors. EC may present with symptoms such as increased urination frequency, dysuria, gross/microscopic hematuria, suprapubic pain and urinary retention. Case Presentation: We present a 17-year-old male patient, who was continent night and day in his childhood, and was admitted to our clinic for complaints of hematuria and nocturnal enuresis for the past six months. His history and physical examination were unremarkable, and routine hematological and biochemical tests were normal. Cystoscopy revealed a 4 x 3 cm erythematous, polypoidal, solid lesion on the bladder dome. Histopathological examination of the lesion revealed transitional epithelium with stromaledema, where diffuse, dense infiltration of lamina propria by eosinophils and lymphocytes was also seen. According to these findings, a histopathological diagnosis of EC was made, and the patient was treated with corticosteroids, antimicrobial agents and antihistamines. His symptoms dramatically improved and nocturnal enuresis also recovered after treatment. Conclusions: Although it is a rare entity, EC should be kept in mind in the differential diagnosis of patients presenting with dysuria, hematuria and any kind of acquired voiding dysfunction, including frequency, pollakiuria and incontinence.Öğe The evaluation of reliability and contribution of frozen section pathology to staging endometrioid adenocarcinomas(SPRINGER HEIDELBERG, 2015) Karabagli, Pinar; Ugras, Serdar; Yilmaz, Burcu Sanal; Celik, CetinTo evaluate the reliability and accuracy of intraoperative pathological findings, compared to permanent section (PS) and to understand contributions of frozen section (FS) to final staging in patients with endometrioid carcinomas. This is a retrospective analysis of 79 patients undergoing intraoperative FS and with endometrioid adenocarcinomas. Intraoperative pathological findings were compared with final results as to grade, depth of myometrial invasion (MI), cervical involvement, lymphovascular space invasion (LVSI) and stage. We also analyzed whether staging procedures like pelvic or para-aortic lymph node metastasis, peritoneal cytology and extension beyond of uterus were related to FS findings. Staging was based on the FIGO 2009. FS results were agreement in 89.9 % for grade, 88.6 % for depth of MI, 100 % for cervical invasion, and 92.4 % for LVSI, compared with PS. On FS, 12, 16.6 and 44.4 % of specimens in stages of IA, IB and II became upstaged in final pathology, respectively. Of 79 cases, 5 (6.3 %) were upstaged to IIIC1, and 3 (3.8 %) were upstaged to IIIC2 because of lymph node metastasis. A significant relationship was detected between lymph node metastasis, and FS grades (p = 0.001), LVSI (p = 0.000), cervical invasion (p = 0.006) and MI (p = 0.001). We consider that intraoperative FS is a useful procedure to identify poor prognostic pathological factors. While grading, depth of MI, cervical stromal invasion and LVSI on FS are significant in predicting lymph node metastasis, the existence of cervical stromal invasion and LVSI should be considered more effective parameters in the identification of metastatic endometrial cancer risks.