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    Assessment of soil quality index for wheat and sugar beet cropping systems on an entisol in Central Anatolia
    (SPRINGER, 2017) Seker, Cevdet; Ozaytekin, Hasan Huseyin; Negis, Hamza; Gumus, Ilknur; Dedeoglu, Mert; Atmaca, Etnel; Karaca, Ummuhan
    The sustainable use of agricultural lands is significantly affected by the implemented management and land processing methods. In sugar beet and wheat cropping, because the agronomic characteristics of plants are different, the tillage methods applied also exhibit significant variability. Soil quality concept is used, as a holistic approach to determining the effects of these applications on the sustainable use of soil. Agricultural soil quality evaluation is essential for economic success and environmental stability in rapidly developing regions. At present, a variety of methods are used to evaluate soil quality using different indicators. This study was conducted in one of the most important irrigated agriculture areas of Cumra plain in Central Anatolia, Turkey. In the soil under sugar beet and wheat cultivation, 12 soil quality indicators (aggregate stability (AS), available water capacity (AWC), surface penetration resistance (PR0-20), subsurface penetration resistance (PR20-40), organic matter (OM), active carbon (AC), potentially mineralizable nitrogen (PMN), root health value (RHV), pH, available phosphorus (AP), potassium (K), and macro-micro elements (ME) (Mg, Fe, Mn, and Zn)) were measured and scored according to the Cornell Soil Health Assessment (CSHA) and the Soil Management Assessment Framework (SMAF). The differences among 8 (AS, AWC, PR0-20, PR20-40, AC, PMN, AP, and ME) of these 12 soil quality characteristics measured in two different plant cultivation were found statistically significant. The result of the soil quality evaluation with scoring function in the examined area revealed a soil quality score of 61.46 in the wheat area and of 51.20 in the sugar beet area, which can be classified as medium and low, respectively. Low soil quality scores especially depend on physical and biological soil properties. Therefore, improvement of soil physical and biological properties with sustainable management is necessary to enhance the soil quality in the study area soils.
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    Effects of different salt concentrations and Rhizobium inoculation (native and Rhizobium tropici CIAT899) on growth of dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)
    (ELSEVIER FRANCE-EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES MEDICALES ELSEVIER, 2011) Uyanoz, Refik; Karaca, Ummuhan
    Research was conducted to determine the effect of salinity on Rhizobium and growth of dry bean. A commercial cultivar (Akman 98) of dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) was inoculated with Rhizobium tropici strain CIAT899 and native Rhizobium in solution culture with different salt concentrations (control, 5, 10, 20 and 40 mmol(-1)) added before inoculation. The results indicated that population of R. tropici strain CIAT899 and natural Rhizobium were decreased with salinity levels. However, the population count train CIAT899 was inversely proportional to salt concentration with high growth (8.0-9.0 x 10(5) cfu ml(-1)) at lower concentrations of control 5 mmol(-1) and low growth (4.0-6.0 x 10(5) cfu ml(-1)) at higher salt concentrations 01 20 mmol(-1). The plant root and shoot dry weight, chlorophyll content, plant height, root length, total nitrogen, symbiotic efficient and efficient rate were affected by salt stress in tested plant and both inoculations. Total nitrogen content decreased significantly at the highest level of salinity. It is important to decrease the soil salinity and to improve the yield of dry bean (P. vulgaris L) as well as the Rhizobium sp. associated with it. (C) 2011 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.
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    GROWTH, MINERAL ACQUISITION AND ION UPTAKE RESPONSE OF COMMON BEAN (PHASEOLUS VULGARIS L.) TO INOCULATION WITH RHIZOBIUM UNDER DIFFERENT SALT
    (PARLAR SCIENTIFIC PUBLICATIONS (P S P), 2016) Karaca, Ummuhan; Uyanoz, Refik
    This study was conducted in order to evaluate the symbiotic effectiveness of Rhizobium Leguminosarum by. phaseoli strains isolated from common bean in comparison to standard bacterial culture under NaCl salinity stress conditions. The effect of seed Rhizobium inoculation and NaCl levels (control 0, 5 mM, 10 mM, 20 mM and 40 mM) on mineral accumulation of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) was studied under greenhouse condition. A commercial common bean cultivar (Akman 98) was inoculated with R. tropici strain CIAT899 and local Rhizobium. The results showed that the application of salt significantly decreased both concentration and the accumulation of most micro and macronutrients both in leaf and biomass. The bacterial inoculation had a significant effect on Ca++, Fe accumulation and ion uptake (K+ + P + Ca++) + Na+ and on P, Mg-++,Mg- Mn and Zn contents of leaf. However, the effect of inoculation on Na+, K+, Na+/K+, N and Cu contents of the leaf were insignificant. Significant interaction was detected between inoculation and salt concentration. Inoculation with Rhizobium phaseoli could work as a useful means for alleviating salinity stress in salt-sensitive plants.
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    Identification of regional soil quality factors and indicators: a case study on an alluvial plain (central Turkey)
    (COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH, 2017) Seker, Cevdet; Ozaytekin, Hasan Huseyin; Negis, Hamza; Gumus, Ilknur; Dedeoglu, Mert; Atmaca, Emel; Karaca, Ummuhan
    Sustainable agriculture largely depends on soil quality. The evaluation of agricultural soil quality is essential for economic success and environmental stability in rapidly developing regions. In this context, a wide variety of methods using vastly different indicators are currently used to evaluate soil quality. This study was conducted in one of the most important irrigated agriculture areas of Konya in central Anatolia, Turkey, to analyze the soil quality indicators of Cumra County in combination with an indicator selection method, with the minimum data set using a total of 38 soil parameters. We therefore determined a minimum data set with principle component analysis to assess soil quality in the study area and soil quality was evaluated on the basis of a scoring function. From the broad range of soil properties analyzed, the following parameters were chosen: field capacity, bulk density, aggregate stability, and permanent wilting point (from physical soil properties); electrical conductivity, Mn, total nitrogen, available phosphorus, pH, and NO3-N (from chemical soil properties); and urease enzyme activity, root health value, organic carbon, respiration, and potentially mineralized nitrogen (from biological properties). According to the results, the chosen properties were found as the most sensitive indicators of soil quality and they can be used as indicators for evaluating and monitoring soil quality at a regional scale.
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    Sustainable Mitigation of Alkaline Stress in Grapevine Rootstocks (Vitis spp.) by Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria
    (SPRINGER, 2018) Karaca, Ummuhan; Sabir, Ali
    Practical use of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) on plants under stress conditions remains elusive because most of the studies focused on merely evaluating the plant growth-promoting effects on non-stressed plants. This study focused on the effect of root inoculation of different PGPRs on the growth and physiology of grapevine rootstocks 41 B, 99 R and 140 Ru grown in soilless culture with elevated pH. The rootstocks in pots under glasshouse condition were inoculated with Agrobacterium rubi A18 and Bacillus subtilis OSU 142 bacteria in early spring. To increase the pH of growth medium, the plants were watered with 250 mL plant(-1) bicarbonate solution (840 g L-1 NaHCO3) four times (beginning at 3-4 cm shoot growth) with one-month interval during the vegetation. Along with the bicarbonate supplementation to growth medium, root rhizosphere pH increased from an initial value 7.76 to the final values between 8.10 and 8.26. Although the bacteria population decreased progressively, they were able to alleviate the negative effects of high pH by improving vegetative growth, leaf physiology and nutrient acquisition in many cases. The bacteria strains employed in this study can be recommended to support grapevine growth and physiology under alkaline conditions for a sustainable and environment-friendly viticulture.
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    VINE GROWTH AND YIELD RESPONSE OF ALPHONSE LAVALLE (V-vinifera L.) GRAPEVINES TO PLANT GROWTH PROMOTING RHIZOBACTERIA UNDER ALKALINE CONDITION IN SOILLESS CULTURE
    (WYDAWNICTWO AKAD ROLNICZEJ W LUBLINIE, 2017) Sabir, Ali; Karaca, Ummuhan; Yazar, Kevser; Sabir, Ferhan K.; Yazici, M. Atilla; Dogan, Osman; Kara, Zeki
    High carbonate content in soil negatively affect plant growth, because the availability of nutrients is restricted due to high pH. The present investigations were carried out to reveal possible alleviating effects of the exogenous root inoculation PGPRs on development and physiology of soilless-grown grapevines cultivated under alkaline stress in controlled glass house. pH of growth medium was increased from 7.5 to the values ranging from 7.9 (control) to 8.1 (A18) according to the bacterial inoculations by NaHCO3 supplementations. Bacteria inoculations did not result in statistically significant differences in pH values of growth media. The bacterial population density found in the rhizosphere of grapevines ranged from 6 x 108 CFU mL(-1) (M-3) to 9 x 108 CFU mL(-1) (Ca-637). The highest value of shoot thickness was obtained from Ca-637 (5.3 mm), followed by A18 (5.2mm), while M3 did not significantly affected the shoot thickness. The greatest pruning residue per vine was obtained from A18 treatment (81.5 g), followed by Ca-637 (80.8 g) while the lowest value was determined in control. Vine yield was the greatest with A18 (1128 g) treatment and was followed by Ca 637 (1059 g). Considering the general observations, root inoculation of PGPRs A18 and Ca-637 may be recommended in enhancing bioremediation of alkali growth media.