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    Antibacterial effect of dental cements evaluated using agar diffusion test
    (TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD, 2015) Dundar, Ayse; Karacam, Nejla; Yavuz, Tevfik; Ozturk, Nilgun; Pinarkara, Yasemin
    Purpose: Secondary caries can occur around the restoration, fixed prosthesis, and orthodontic band margins because of cariogenic bacteria. Long-lasting antibacterial effectiveness of dental cements used contemporarily can reduce this phenomenon. The purpose of this study was to examine the antibacterial activities of nine dental cements (BisCem((R)), Super-Bond C&B, Rely X-TM, Panavia(TM) F 2.0, Variolink((R)) II, Unitek(TM) Multi Cure, Multilink((R)) Automix, Clearfil(TM) Esthetic Cement, Transbond(TM) LR) using agar diffusion test. Materials and methods: The test materials were inserted into the wells of Muller Hinton agar plates inoculated with Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus salivarious. The diameters of the inhibition zones produced around the materials were measured after 24h of incubation. Two-Way ANOVA, the Kruskal-Wallis, and the Mann-Whitney U tests at a significance level of pResults: Unitek Multi Cure cement exhibited a significant difference from the control group against both S. mutans and S. salivarious (p<0.05). While the zone of inhibition of Unitek Multi Cure cement was shorter (8.50 +/- 1.77) than the control group (12.63 +/- 1.30), Unitek Multi Cure had antibacterial effect against S. mutans and S. salivarious (p<0.05). S. mutans displayed a significantly lower resistance to Unitek Multi Cure, BisCem, and Superbond C&B than S. salivarious (p<0.05). Conclusion: Conventional glass ionomer cement, Unitek Multi Cure, exhibited greatest in vitro antibacterial activity against both S. mutans and S. salivarious. Formation of dental caries had been suppressed by the fluoride-releasing GICs.
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    Effects of different surface treatments on shear bond strength between ceramic systems and metal brackets
    (TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD, 2017) Cevik, Pinar; Karacam, Nejla; Eraslan, Oguz; Sari, Zafer
    The aim of this study was to evaluate the shear bond strength of orthodontic brackets bonded to different kinds of ceramic surfaces after different surface conditioning methods. A total of 120 ceramic disks were divided into two main groups in terms of feldspathic or lithium disilicate. Each ceramic group was further subdivided into six subgroups depending on surface treatment (n = 10). The ceramic surfaces were conditioned by one of the following methods: Group C: control group; Group P: %37.5 orthophosphoric acid; Group HF: %9.6 hydrofluoric acid; Group L: Nd-YAG laser irradiation; Group SB: sandblasting with 50 mu m Al2O3 particles; and Group DB: grinding with a diamond bur. Surface roughness value was evaluated with a digital profilometer. Surface topographies of one specimen from each group were observed by atomic force microscopy (AFM) after surface treatments. All samples were primed with silane before the bracket bonding, including the control group. Metal brackets were bonded to the specimens with a light curing composite resin. The samples were stored in distilled water for 24 h and thermocycled 2500x at 5 and 55 degrees C for 30 s. Shear bond strengths between the ceramic surface and the bracket were measured with a universal testing machine at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min. Failure modes were classified as adhesive, cohesive, or mixed. Data were analyzed using ANOVA and Tukey's tests (alpha =.05). Group SB had significantly rougher surface compared with the other groups in each ceramic system (p <.05), and Group SB demonstrated significantly higher shear bond strengths than other groups as well. Within the limitations of this study, surface conditioning methods, except for sandblasting and grinding, were associated with lower shear bond strengths; however, thermocycling may have had negative effects on bond strengths of specimens. Furthermore, in each ceramic system, there was a significant difference between surface-conditioning methods and surface roughness with regard to shear bond strength.
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    Moderate to Severe Anterior Open-Bite Cases Treated Using Zygomatic Anchorage
    (2012) İleri, Zehra; Karacam, Nejla; Isman, Eren; Kalaycı, Abdullah; Sarı, Zafer
    Anterior open bite is often characterized by excessive vertical development of the posterior maxilla and by excessive eruption of the posterior teeth. Intrusion of the over-erupted molar teeth by traditional orthodontic methods is hardly possible; it requires orthognathic surgery or an absolute skeletal anchorage. These three case reports demonstrate the impaction of the upper molars by using zygomatic miniplates and fixed orthodontic treatment. After treatment, in all cases, the upper molar intrusions and significant correction of open bite were achieved by using zygomatic anchorage, and reduction of vertical dimensions enhanced facial aesthetics.