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    Chemical and biological fingerprints of two Fabaceae species (Cytisopsis dorycniifolia and Ebenus hirsuta): Are they novel sources of natural agents for pharmaceutical and food formulations?
    (ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, 2016) Ceylan, Ramazan; Katanic, Jelena; Zengin, Gökhan; Matic, Sanja; Aktümsek, Abdurrahman; Boroja, Tatjana; Stanic, Snezana
    In the present study, the methanolic extracts of Cytisopsis dorycniifolia and Ebenus hirsuta were analyzed for antioxidant, enzyme inhibitory, antimicrobial and antigenotoxic activities. The identification and quantification of phenolic compounds in these extracts were performed using liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) technique, and the main components were hyperoside, rutin, hesperidin, tannic acid and p-coumaric acid. The extracts had remarkable biological effects. Generally, C. dorycniifolia had higher level of bioactive components and exhibited stronger in vitro antioxidant effects than E. hirsuta. E. hirsuta was active especially against bacteria Pseudomonas fluorescens and Agrobacterium tumefaciens and fungi Puncturella fastigiata, while C dorycniifolia was active against bacteria E. faecalis and had moderate activity against Trichoderma species. The extracts displayed strong antigenotoxic effects (98.6% for E. hirsuta and 76.3% for C dorycniifolia). Our findings suggested that C dorycniifolia and E. hirsuta could be beneficial for the preparation of high-value pharmaceuticals and functional food ingredients. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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    Combining in vitro, in vivo and in silico approaches to evaluate nutraceutical potentials and chemical fingerprints of Moltkia aurea and Moltkia coerulea
    (PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD, 2017) Zengin, Gökhan; Ceylan, Ramazan; Katanic, Jelena; Mollica, Adriano; Aktümsek, Abdurrahman; Boroja, Tatjana; Matic, Sanja
    Methanolic extracts of Moltkia aurea Boiss. (MA) and Moltkia coerulea (Wild.) Lehm. (MC) were investigated for their antioxidant capacity and enzymatic inhibitory potential against acetylcholinesterase, butyrylcholinesterase, alpha-amylase, alpha-glucosidase, and tyrosinase in vitro. MA and MC were also explored for their antimicrobial effect, as well as for their possible genotoxic/antigenotoxic potential on Drosophila melanogaster in vivo. The total bioactive components (phenolic (TPC) and flavonoid contents (TFC)) were determined and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) metabolite profiling of MA and MC appraised. The plausible docking poses of bioactive compounds to key enzymes were further studied using molecular modelling approach. MA proved to be a better antioxidant with higher TPC and TFC compared to MC. Protocatechuic acid, rutin, hesperidin and malic acid were the most abundant in these extracts. Both MA and MC exhibited antigenotoxic potential with a %R in DNA damage of 60.90 and 53.14% respectively. The docking studies revealed that rutin, hesperidin, and rosmarinic acid have the best scores for all the enzymes tested. MA and MC were found to be rich in phytochemicals with potent antioxidant, antimicrobial, and antigenotoxic activities that can be further studied for the management of neurodegenerative complications, diabetes, and hyperpigmentation. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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    Exploring the therapeutic potential and phenolic composition of two Turkish ethnomedicinal plants - Ajuga orientalis L. and Arnebia densiflora (Nordm.), Cheek for updates Ledeb.
    (ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, 2018) Zengin, Gökhan; Ceylan, Ramazan; Katanic, Jelena; Aktümsek, Abdurrahman; Matic, Sanja; Boroja, Tatjana; Stanic, Snezana
    Ajuga orientalis L. and Arnebia densiflora (Nordm.) Ledeb. are plants traditionally used in Turkish ethnomedicine to manage common ailments. Nonetheless, there is currently a dearth of investigations geared towards highlighting the inhibitory properties of A. orientalis and A. densiliora against key carbohydrate hydrolyzing enzymes (alpha-amylase and alpha-glucosidase), tyrosinase, and cholinesterases (acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase) involved in diabetes, post inflammatory hyperpigmentation, and neurodegenerative diseases, respectively. We aimed to shed light on the antioxidant potential and various enzymatic inhibitory properties of tested methanolic extracts of these plants. In vitro antioxidant activity, DNA protective effects, antimicrobial activity (against 8 bacteria, 10 fungal strains and 1 yeast), as well as phenolic compounds determination and HPLC (high performance liquid chromatography) analysis were performed. 17 phenolic components were quantified in tested extracts. Major phenolic compounds present in A. orientalis extract were chlorogenic acid, benzoic acid, and luteolin. A. densiflora extract revealed the presence of gallic acid, rutin, rosmarinic acid, quercetin, luteolin, and apigenin. A. densiflora showed a stronger antioxidant capacity, higher total phenolic (33.72 mg GAE/g), and total flavonoid contents (55.93 mgRE/g), as well as protection of DNA against hydroxyl radical compared to A. orientalis extract. The tested extracts showed similar antimicrobial activity with low effect against the bacterial and fungal strains. The tested extracts showed a slightly higher potential to inhibit tyrosinase activity, while inhibition of the activity of the other examined enzymes by the extracts was weak. The observed biological activities and presence of bioactive phytochemicals can open new perspectives to develop novel dietetic supple. ments.