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Öğe Antibiotic susceptibility of Lactococcus garvieae in rainbow trout (Oncorhyncus mykiss) farms(NATL VETERINARY RESEARCH INST, 2008) Kav, Kursat; Erganis, OsmanThe aim of the study was to describe bilateral exophthalmos "pop eye syndrome" in rainbow trout (Onchorynchus mykiss) fisheries in the Konya region and to determine effective antibiotic treatments. Between June 2002 and August 2004, 180 ill fish were obtained from 6 rainbow trout fisheries where the disease had been observed. Lactococcus garvieae strains were isolated from fish tissues during different periods. All the isolates were found susceptible to penicillin-G, ampicillin, amoxycillin, ampicillin+sulbactam, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, vancomycin, ciprofloxacin, marbofloxacin, chloramphenicol, florfenicol, erythromycin, oxytetracycline, cefoperazone, sulbactam/cefoperazone, and novobiocin. It seems that beta- lactam antibiotics are preferred in the treatment of L. garvieae infection in the rainbow trout farms.Öğe Characterization of Staphylococcus aureus Isolates from White-Brined Urfa Cheese(INT ASSOC FOOD PROTECTION, 2011) Kav, Kursat; Col, Ramazan; Ardic, MustafaThe aim of this study was to investigate the presence of Staphylococcus aureus and staphylococcal enterotoxin (SE) genes in Urfa cheese samples and to characterize the enterotoxigenic potential of these isolates. From a total of 127 Urfa cheese samples, 53 isolates (from 41.7% of the samples) were identified by a species-specific PCR assay as S. aureus. Of these isolates, 40 (75.5%) gave positive PCR results for the 3' end of the coa gene. The coa-positive S. aureus strains were characterized for their population levels and enterotoxigenic properties, including slime factor, beta-lactamase, antibiotic susceptibilities, production of the classical SEs (SEA through SEE), in both cheese and liquid cultures by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and for the presence of specific genes, including classical SE genes (sea through see), mecA, femA, and spa, by PCR. The genetic relatedness among the coa-positive S. aureus isolates was investigated by PCR-based restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis and the 235 rRNA gene spacer. The 23S rRNA gene spacer and coo RFLP analysis using AluI and Hin6I revealed 14 different patterns. SEB, SEC, and SEA and SEE were detected by ELISA in three cheese samples. Fourteen S. aureus strains harbored enterotoxin genes sea through see, and three strains carried multiple toxin genes. The most commonly detected toxin gene was sec (25% of tested strains). Of the 40 analyzed S. aureus strains, 3 (7.5%) were mecA positive. Based on tandem repeats, four coa and spa types were identified. The results of this study indicate that S. aureus and SEs are present at significant levels in Urfa cheese. These toxins can cause staphylococcal food poisoning, creating a serious hazard for public health.Öğe Detection of aflatoxin M1 levels by ELISA in white-brined Urfa cheese consumed in Turkey(ELSEVIER SCI LTD, 2011) Kav, Kursat; Col, Ramazan; Tekinsen, K. KaanAflatoxin M1 (AFM1) is the hydroxylated metabolite of aflatoxin B1 found in a variety of foods. In this study, 127 samples of white-brined Urfa cheese produced mainly in the southeast of Turkey from raw ovine and bovine milks were surveyed for the presence of AFM1 using a competitive Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) technique. The results showed that at detectable levels (>= 50 ng/kg), 36 cheese samples (28.3%) were contaminated with AFM1 ranging from 70.61 to 770.97 ng/kg. Of the 36 cheese samples, 13 (10.2%) were found to have levels that exceeded the legal limits of 250 ng/kg established by the Turkish Food Codex. Consequently, the AFM1 contamination levels determined in this study in white-brined Urfa Cheese, which is commonly consumed in the southeast part of Turkey, were not considered to be a serious public health hazard. It was considered to be a potential risk for customers, particularly for infant health. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Öğe Effects of bacterial pneumonia in neonatal calves on serum lipids(NATL VETERINARY RESEARCH INST, 2007) Civelek, Turan; Kav, Kursat; Camkerten, Ilker; Celik, H. Ahmet; Acar, AbuzerA total of 31 neonatal calves (9 clinically healthy and 22 with pneumonia), between 22 and 28 d of age were used. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid was obtained through transtracheal aspiration for Gram-staining and bacterial culture. Bacteria were identified according to the routine and described procedures. Serum concentrations of total cholesterol, triglycerides, and high-density lipoproteins were analysed enzymatically. While total cholesterol (P=0.001) and high-density lipoprotein (P=0.05) concentrations were statistically decreased, there was an increase in serum triglyceride and very-low-density lipoprotein concentrations (P=0.01). The results indicated a relationship between serum lipid concentrations and bacterial pneumonia. This may be associated with hepatocellular damage initiated by subsequent sepsis.Öğe Identification and Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Subclinical Mastitis Pathogens Isolated from Hair Goats' Milk(MEDWELL ONLINE, 2009) Aydin, Ibrahim; Kav, Kursat; Celik, Haci AhmetAim of this study, was to identify the pathogens responsible for subclinical mastitis in hair goats and to determine their susceptibility to antimicrobial drugs. Total 700 milk samples from clinically healthy half udders of 350 lactating hair goats were collected and examined. The isolates were identified by conventional methods. Antibiotic susceptibility test was performed using disk diffusion method. Of the 700 milk samples examined, 60 (8.6%) were subclinically infected. Coagulase Negative Staphylococci (CNS), Streptococcus sp. and Staphylococcus aureus were the main species of microorganisms isolated. The CNS were the most common pathogen in this study with an prevalence of 50%. CNS were generally resistant to lactam antibiotics, while S. aureus and Streptococcus sp. were susceptible to lactams. Although, CNS and S. aureus were susceptible to aminoglycosides, fluoroquinolones, erythromycin, sulphamethoxazole/trimethoprim, lincomycin, oxytetracycline and florfenicol, Streptococcus sp. were susceptible, to lactams, aminoglycosides, sulphamethoxazole/trimethoprim, erythromycin, oxytetracycline and florfenicol. As results, it may be stated that antimicrobial drug susceptibility tests in subclinical mastitis of the hair goats should be done before the treatments.Öğe Isolation of Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus Aureus From Caprine Mastitis Cases(Elsevier Science Bv, 2012) Aras, Zeki; Aydin, Ibrahim; Kav, KursatThere is no report on isolation of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains from mastitis infection in goats. This study reports two MRSA strains that were isolated from caprine mastitis. A total of 42 Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) strains collected from caprine mastitis cases between 2008 and 2009 were examined. Two (4.8%) out of 42 S. aureus strains were identified as MRSA by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion and mecA polymerase chain reaction (PCR) methods. Based on the coa gene polymorphism, the goat strains were grouped into 6 types. By using rapid amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) assay, 10 different patterns were obtained from 42 S. aureus strains, and strains were located in 6 sub-groups. A total of 71% (n = 30) of the strains were clustered in one main group and placed 4 sub-groups by RAPD assay. The two MRSA strains produced identical patterns and distinguished from other S. aureus strains by RAPD method. This paper is the first report of MRSA isolation from caprine clinical mastitis cases.Öğe The molecular characterization of arcanobacterium pyogenes strains isolated from samples of sheep and cattle(KAFKAS UNIV, VETERINER FAKULTESI DERGISI, 2011) Hadimli, H. Huseyin; Kav, KursatThe purpose of this study was to determine the presence of virulence genes, perform typing for the characterization of Arcanobacterium pyogenes field strains, and investigate the correlation between clonal types, virulence genes and occurence of disease. The isolates (n=51) used in this study were isolated from different sources (liver (n=4) of sheep; liver (n=25), lungs (n=5), broncho-alveolar lavage (BAL) fluid (n=3), milk (n=12) and suppurative tissue (n=1) of dairy cows and synovial fluid (n=1) of a calf). The presence of haemolytic activity in A. pyogenes isolates was determined using rabbit, sheep, cattle, chicken, dog and human erythrocytes. Also, the presence of any cytotoxic effect was investigated by growth in Vero cell cultures. Genomic DNA fingerprinting for clonal analysis was generated by BOX-PCR typing. Conventional PCR was used for the determination of the presence of eight A. pyogenes virulence factor genes, namely, nanH (encoding neuraminidase H), nanP (encoding neuraminidase P), plo (encoding pyolysin-PLO), cbpA (encoding collagen-binding protein A) and fimA, fimC, fimE and fimG (encoding the major fimbrial subunit of four different fimbriae). Furthermore, the correlation between clonal types, virulence factors and the occurence of disease was investigated. The haemolysins of all strains had haemolytic effect on rabbit, sheep, cattle, chicken, dog and human erythrocytes. In addition, all strains were found to be cytotoxic to Vero cells. According to clonal analysis results, the A. pyogenes isolates were determined to belong to 12 different types. While all A. pyogenes strains were positive for the plo gene, the positivity rate was 62% for the nanH gene, 84% for the nanP gene, 58% for the cbp gene, 96% for the fimA gene, 66% for the fimC gene, 42% for the fimE gene and 10% for the fimG gene. It was determined that no correlation existed between the clonal types and virulence factors of A. pyogenes isolates and occurence of disease.Öğe The production and development of vaccines for ornithobacterium rhinotracheale infection in commercial broilers(2011) Erganiş, Osman; Hadimli, Hasan Huseyin; Kav, Kursat; Sayın, ZaferAmaç: Çalışmanın amacı bivalan inaktif Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale (O. rhinotracheale) aşıları hazırlamak, kan serumlarında antijenlere karşı antikorların titrelerini ölçmek ve etçi piliçlerde O. rhinotracheale aşılarının etkinliklerini belirlemektir. Gereç ve Yöntem: Bivalan inaktif O. rhinotracheale aşıları; alüminyum hidroksit (Al[OH]3), mineral yağlı (MO), alüminyum hidroksit ginseng (Al[OH]3 G) ve mineral yağ ginseng (MO G) adjuvantları kullanılarak O. rhinotracheale serotip A ve B’den hazırlandı. Sterilite ve zararsızlık testlerinden sonra, etçi piliçlerde (ilk gün 0.1 mL doz ile bir kez aşılama ile) aşıların laboratuvar etkinlikleri (çelınç/koruma ve serolojik potens) kontrol edildi. Bulgular: Çelınç sonuçlarına gore; etçi piliçlerde bütün aşıların %100 etkili olduğu bulundu. Adjuvant olarak mineral yağ ve ginseng (MO G) içeren aşı diğerlerine göre belirgin olarak daha yüksek humoral immune cevap oluşturdu. Öneri: Bu çalışmada, birinci günde etçi piliçlerin aşılanması O. rhinotracheale enfeksiyonlarına karşı etkili şekilde koruyabildiği gösterilmiştir.Öğe Production and development of vaccines for ornithobacterium rhinotracheale infection in turkeys(2010) Erganis, Osman; Hadimli, Hasan Hüseyin; Kav, Kursat; Sayin, Zafer; Aras, ZekiErganiş O, Hadimli HH, Kav K, Sayın Z, Aras Z. Hindilerde Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale için aşıların geliştirilmesi ve üretilmesi. Eurasian J Vet Sci, 2010, 26, 2, 101-107 Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı bivalan inaktif Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale aşıları hazırlamak, kan serumlarında antijenlere karşı antikorların titrelerini ölçmek ve hindilerde O. rhinotracheale aşılarının etkinliklerini belirlemektir. Gereç ve Yöntem: Bivalan inaktif O. rhinotracheale aşıları; alüminyum hidroksit, mineral yağlı, alüminyum hidroksit ginseng ve mineral yağ ginseng adjuvantları kullanılarak O. rhinotracheale serotip A ve B’den hazırlandı. Sterilite ve zararsızlık testlerinden sonra, hindilerde (5. ve 8. haftalarda 0.25ml ve 0.5 ml dozlarla iki kez aşılama ile) aşıların laboratuvar etkinlikleri (çelınç/koruma ve serolojik potens) yapıldı. Bulgular: Çelınç sonuçlarına göre hindilerde bütün aşıların %100 etkili olduğu bulundu. Aşılı ve aşısız grupların serumlarında titrelerin serolojik ölçümleri için ve saha şartlarında O. rhinotracheale enfeksiyonunun teşhisinde lam aglütinasyon, mikro serum aglütinasyon ve ELISA testleri kullanıldı. Adjuvant olarak mineral yağ ve ginseng içeren aşı diğerlerine göre belirgin olarak daha yüksek humoral immune cevap oluşturdu. Aynı zamanda ve mineral yağ ginseng aşısı özel bir hindi işletmesinde saha denemesinde çok etkili olduğu belirlendi. Öneri: Kanatlılarda ornitobakteriozisin önlenmesi için O. rhinotracheale aşıları kullanılabilir.Öğe Production and development of vaccines for Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale infection in turkeys(Selçuk Üniversitesi Veterinerlik Fakültesi, 2010) Erganis, Osman; Kav, Kursat; Aras, ZekiAmaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı bivalan inaktif Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale aşıları hazırlamak, kan serumlarında antijenlere karşı antikorların titrelerini ölçmek ve hindilerde O. rhinotracheale aşılarının etkinliklerini belirlemektir. Gereç ve Yöntem: Bivalan inaktif O. rhinotracheale aşıları; alüminyum hidroksit, mineral yağlı, alüminyum hidroksit + ginseng ve mineral yağ + ginseng adjuvantları kullanılarak O. rhinotracheale serotip A ve B’den hazırlandı. Sterilite ve zararsızlık testlerinden sonra, hindilerde (5. ve 8. haftalarda 0.25ml ve 0.5 ml dozlarla iki kez aşılama ile) aşıların laboratuvar etkinlikleri (çelınç/koruma ve serolojik potens) yapıldı. Bulgular: Çelınç sonuçlarına göre hindilerde bütün aşıların %100 etkili olduğu bulundu. Aşılı ve aşısız grupların serumlarında titrelerin serolojik ölçümleri için ve saha şartlarında O. rhinotracheale enfeksiyonunun teşhisinde lam aglütinasyon, mikro serum aglütinasyon ve ELISA testleri kullanıldı. Adjuvant olarak mineral yağ ve ginseng içeren aşı diğerlerine göre belirgin olarak daha yüksek humoral immune cevap oluşturdu. Aynı zamanda ve mineral yağ + ginseng aşısı özel bir hindi işletmesinde saha denemesinde çok etkili olduğu belirlendi. Öneri: Kanatlılarda ornitobakteriozisin önlenmesi için O. rhinotracheale aşıları kullanılabilir.Öğe Successful treatment of atypical dermatitis case caused by demodex canis in an english pointer(KAFKAS UNIV, VETERINER FAKULTESI DERGISI, 2012) Maden, Mehmet; Er, Cenk; Kav, Kursat; Ozdemir, OzgurIn this case, the diagnosis and treatment of atypical dermatitis caused by Demodex canis was evaluated in a-5 year old English pointer. The disease defined as atypical dermatitis due to clinical, laboratory, bacteriological, parasitological and histopatological results. Demodex canis, beta-hemolytic Staphylococcus aureus and Microsporum canis were isolated and identified on the skin scrapings, biopsy specimens and swab. The dog was treated for 4 months, given bath of ketoconazole and benzoyl peroxide shampoo, twice in a week, ivermectin 0.6 mg/kg, SC, three days interval, cefaperazone-sulbactam (22 mg/kg, IM) daily for only 10 days and followed by cefquinom (2 mg/kg IM) daily for the rest of the treatment period of 3.5 months, and ketaconazole (10 mg/kg, PO,4 months) daily. As a result, atypical dermatitis caused by Demodex canis should be treated for longer duration with no complications and with successful outcome at 3 days interval.Öğe Survival of Helicobacter pylori in Turkish Fermented Sucuk and Heat-Treated Sucuk during Production(INT ASSOC FOOD PROTECTION, 2011) Guner, Ahmet; Kav, Kursat; Tekinsen, Kemal Kaan; Dogruer, Yusuf; Telli, NihatThe aim of this study was to investigate the survival of Helicobacter pylori during production of sucuk (Turkish fermented sausage). The sucuk mixture was inoculated with H. pylori ATCC 43504 to produce a final level in the mixture of similar to 5 x 10(6) CFU/g. Samples in group I were fermented and dried traditionally at 22 degrees C for 7 days. Samples in groups It and III were subjected to the traditional fermentation at 22 degrees C for 3 clays. After fermentation, group It samples were fermented and dried at 35 degrees C for 4 days and group III samples were treated with heat until the core temperature reached 65 degrees C. On the first day of fermentation, a I log reduction in H. pylori was found in all groups. The H. pylori levels in all groups increased by about 1 log CFU/g by the third day of fermentation and reached the inoculation level. On the fifth and seventh days of fermentation, no appreciable change occurred in the level of H. pylori in groups I and II. After heat treatment, the H. pylori levels were below the level of detection, These results suggest that H. pylori can grow during sucuk fermentation and that a heat treatment should be used during sucuk processing to destroy H. pylori.
