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    Computer-aided three dimensional morphometric measurements of cervical vertebrae variations compared with manual measurements in throughbred horses
    (Selçuk Üniversitesi, 2022) Bakıcı, Caner; Batur, Barış; Akgün, Remzi Orkun; Kaya, Ufuk; Ekim, Okan; Oto, Çağdaş; Hazıroğlu, Reşide Merih
    Aim: The aim of this study was to create three-dimensional (3D) models of each cervical vertebra with computed tomography (CT) images; to determine the morphometric parameters of each cervical vertebra with manual and digital measurement methods; to compare the accuracy between the two methods. Materials and Methods: The last five cervical vertebrae of four male thoroughbred horses were used for morphometric analyses. All vertebrae were scanned with 256-multidetector CT device. 3D reconstructed models were acquired with 3D slicer software. Twenty-three morphometric parameters were calculated on 3D models and manually by using a digital caliper. Results: Measurement methods*Cervical vertebra interaction term was found statistically significant for height of vertebra, external and internal width of the cranial articular process, width of the vertebral fossa, height of transverse foramen, height of cranial and caudal vertebral notch, and width of the pedicle (p<0.001). The length of the vertebral body was decreasing from third to seventh cervical vertebra in both measurement methods but was not different between measurement methods*cervical vertebra interaction term (p=0.685). This study provided detailed comprehensive morphometric data to compare cervical vertebrae among each other. The digital information gathered with 3D approaches will give useful information for analysing anatomical variations. Conclusion: These morphometric data cannot only contribute to anatomic investigations but also provide database for surgical and orthopaedic researches or clinical interventions on this region of equine species.
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    Evaluation of hepatokines, proinflammatory cytokines, oxidative stress and energy related metabolism analytes and hematological parameters in dairy cows with placental retention
    (Selçuk Üniversitesi, 2021) Kurtdede, Efe; Kara, Erdal; Elifoğlu, Taha Burak; Kaya, Ufuk
    Aim: To investigate the serum levels of angiopoietin-like protein 4 (ANGPTL4), fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21), interleukin 1 beta (IL-1?), IL-6, superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), and energy-related metabolism analytes and hematological parameters in cows with placental retention (PR). Materials and Methods: In the presented study, blood samples were taken from the coccygeal veins of 10 cows with PR and 10 healthy control cows. All of the samples were analyzed to determine the serum glucose, unesterified fatty acid (NEFA), triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), total protein, albumin, aspartate aminotransaminase (AST), SOD, and MDA levels. Blood serum hepatokines, ANGPTL4, FGF21 levels, proinflammatory cytokine response parameters, IL-1 beta, and IL-6 levels were evaluated. Results: As a result, the increase in serum AST (p < 0.05) indicated altered liver function. During negative energy balance, the serum NEFA levels (p < 0.05) increased, and serum HDL levels (p < 0.05) decreased as indicators of an increased risk of metabolic pathology. Increases in the serum ANGPTL4, FGF21, CRP, and SOD (p < 0.001) and IL-6, MDA, creatine kinase levels (p < 0.05) were evaluated as indicators of the development of effective metabolic, inflammatory, and oxidative stress. The monocyte count was significantly lower (p < 0.05) in the cows with PR. Conclusion: It was concluded that significantincreases in the serum ANGPTL4 and FGF2 levels were associated with energy balance, effective cytokine responses, and oxidative stress in dairy cows with PR.
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    Evaluation of relationships between dogs and owners: the Turkish translation, reliability and validity study of cat/dog owner relationship scale (C/DORS)
    (Selçuk Üniversitesi, 2022) Kaya, Ufuk; Özen, Doğukan; Yazlık, Murat Onur; Kösem, Selim; Gürcan, İsmayil Safa
    Aim: The aim of this study was to translate the cat/dog owner relationship scale (C/DORS), which can be used to assess the quality of relationships between dogs and their owners, into Turkish and to evaluate relationship quality across different demographic variables in Turkey. Materials and Methods: An expert team translated the cat/dog owner relationship scale (C/DORS) from its original language of English into Turkish. Information was collected from dog owners who volunteered to participate in the study via a scale. The dog owners' gender, educational status, and financial level were also collected. The validity and reliability of the scale were assessed using Cronbach's alpha and factor analysis. Results: The initial statistical analyses revealed that factor analysis could be used on the scale (Bartlett’s sphericity test, p<0,001) and that the sample size was adequate (KMO test=0,619). The total variance explained by the scale that has three subscales as perceived emotional closeness, pet-owner interaction and perceived cost was found to be 43,90%. The Cronbach's alpha coefficient of the scale was found to be 0.844. It was observed that the subscale scores of the scale were at similar levels in terms of gender (p>0,05) and income statue (p>0,05). Perceived cost subscale score was statistically significant in terms of educational status (p<0,05). Conclusion: It is thought that this scale, that has been adapted into Turkish and whose validity-reliability has been determined, is the first scale that can measure dog-owner relationships in Turkey. In addition, this study will encourage the examination of pet-human relationships in Turkey through with scale development and adaptation studies.