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Öğe Assessment of anxiety in subclinical thyroid disorders(JAPAN ENDOCRINE SOC, 2004) Gonen, MS; Kisakol, G; Cilli, AS; Dikbas, O; Gungor, K; Inal, A; Kaya, AIt is well known that manifest thyroid dysfunction causes mood disorders. In the literature there are few studies related with subclinical thyroid dysfunction and anxiety. We aimed to determine if there exists a relation between the anxiety and subclinical thyroid dysfunction. This study was carried out in the Meram Medical Faculty of Selcuk University, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism. Eighty-five outpatients were enrolled into the study. In the presence of normal fT(3) and fT(4) patients were grouped as subclinical hyperthyroid with TSH lower than 0.1 mU/L (n = 24), subclinical hypothyroid with TSH higher than 4.5 mU/L (n = 32) and euthyroid subjects (n = 29). Beck's Anxiety Inventory (BAI) was administered to all patients. There was no any statistically significant difference between euthyroid and study groups in terms of age, gender, weight and height (p<0.05). One-way ANOVA showed that both of the subclinical hypothyroid and subclinical hyperthyroid groups had significantly higher anxiety scores than cuthyroid group (F: 11.4, p<0.001). Manifest hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism, as causes of mental and neurological dysfunction have been known for a long time, but the relation between subclinical thyroid dysfunction and anxiety is less well studied. We have found that subclinical thyroid dysfunction increases the anxiety of patients whether hyperthyroid or hypothyroid. Overlap of symptoms common to both thyroid dysfunction and anxiety is an important limitation in this study. Mood changes especially anxiety due to subclinical thyroid dysfunction may have an important impact on the patient's quality of life. Negative effect on quality of life may be an indication of treatment in these patients. It is the first study evaluating anxiety in subclinical hypothyroidism in the literature.Öğe Dual ectopic thyroid gland with Graves' disease and unilateral ophthalmopathy: A case report and review of the literature(SPRINGER, 2004) Kisakol, G; Gonen, S; Kaya, A; Dikbas, O; Sari, O; Kiresi, D; Gungor, KEctopic thyroid gland (ETG) is a rare entity and can be seen anywhere in the route of descending gland. It is much rarer when encountered away from the midline. Dual ETG is such a rare entity that only a few have been reported in the literature. ETGs not only cause thyroid dysfunction, most commonly hypothyroidism and rarely hyperthyroidism, but also frequent local symptoms. Therapeutic options change according to patients' co-morbid diseases, age, size of goiter and presence of local symptoms. Graves' disease is very rarely detected in a patient with ectopic thyroid. There is no report in literature concerning ectopic thyroid presenting with Graves' disease and unilateral ophthalmopathy. We describe a case with dual ETG and Graves' disease and unilateral ophthalmopathy: it is the first reported in literature. (C) 2004, Editrice Kurtis.Öğe Gastric emptying in subclinical hypothyroidism(LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS, 2005) Sari, O; Kisakol, G; Kayacetin, E; Kaya, AThe aim of this study is to investigate solid-phase gastric emptying in patients with subclinical hypotbyroidism and to compare it with healthy subjects. Twenty patients with a recently established diagnosis of subclinical hypothyroidism and 10 age-matched healthy subjects participated in this study. Gastric emptying half-time was calculated with solid food labeled with 250 mu Ci Tc-99m-sulfur colloid. There was no difference between serum free T-3 and T-4 values in both groups. Serum thyroid-stimulating hormone level was significantly higher in the subclinical hypothyroid group than in controls. Gastric emptying half-time was 123.94 +/- 18.58 minutes in the subclinical hypothyroid group and 101.80 +/- 25.56 minutes in the control group. These gastric emptying half-times were not different (P = 0.455). We suggest that in subclinical hypothyroidism, gastric emptying of solids is similar to that in age-matched healthy control subjects.Öğe Rhabdomyolysis in a patient with hypothyroidism(JAPAN ENDOCRINE SOCIETY, 2003) Kisakol, G; Tunc, R; Kaya, AWe describe a case of rhabdomyolysis associating hypothyroidism. Hypothyroidism frequently leads to myalgias, muscle stiffness, cramps and sometimes elevated levels of muscle enzymes, but rhabdomyolysis is quite rare. This report describes a case of rhabdomyolysis associating hypothyroidism in a 19-year old man. Muscle enzyme levels were typical of rhabdomyolysis. Muscle biopsy and electromyograpic findings were compatible with hypothyroid myopathy. Muscle functions completely recovered with levothyroxine therapy. The present case represents rhabdomyolysis secondary to undiagnosed hypothyroidism in a developed stage which manifests itself with rhabdomyolysis.
