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    Comparison of visual field test results obtained through Humphrey matrix frequency doubling technology perimetry versus standard automated perimetry in healthy children
    (WOLTERS KLUWER MEDKNOW PUBLICATIONS, 2013) Kocabeyoglu, Sibel; Uzun, Salih; Mocan, Mehmet Cem; Bozkurt, Banu; Irkec, Murat; Orhan, Mehmet
    Aims: The aim of this study was to compare the visual field test results in healthy children obtained via the Humphrey matrix 24-2 threshold program and standard automated perimetry (SAP) using the Swedish interactive threshold algorithm (SITA) -Standard 24-2 test. Materials and Methods: This prospective study included 55 healthy children without ocular or systemic disorders who underwent both SAP and frequency doubling technology (FDT) perimetry visual field testing. Visual field test reliability indices, test duration, global indices (mean deviation [MD], and pattern standard deviation [PSD]) were compared between the 2 tests using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test and paired t-test. The performance of the Humphrey field analyzer (HFA) 24-2 SITA-standard and frequency-doubling technology Matrix 24-2 tests between genders were compared with Mann-Whitney U-test. Results: Fifty-five healthy children with a mean age of 12.2 +/- 1.9 years (range from 8 years to 16 years) were included in this prospective study. The test durations of SAP and FDT were similar (5.2 +/- 0.5 and 5.1 +/- 0.2 min, respectively, P = 0.651). MD and the PSD values obtained via FDT Matrix were significantly higher than those obtained via SAP (P < 0.001), and fixation losses and false negative errors were significantly less with SAP (P < 0.05). A weak positive correlation between the two tests in terms of MD (r = 0.352, P = 0.008) and PSD (r = 0.329, P = 0.014) was observed. Conclusion: Children were able to complete both the visual test algorithms successfully within 6 min. However, SAP testing appears to be associated with less depression of the visual field indices of healthy children. FDT Matrix and SAP should not be used interchangeably in the follow-up of children.
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    Effect of artificial tears on automated visual field testing in patients with glaucoma and dry eye
    (CANADIAN OPHTHAL SOC, 2013) Kocabeyoglu, Sibel; Mocan, Mehmet Cem; Bozkurt, Banu; Irkec, Murat
    Objective: To evaluate the effects of artificial tears on automated visual field (VF) testing in patients with glaucoma with dry eye syndrome. Design: Prospective study. Participants: Fifty eyes of 50 patients with medically treated primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) were recruited for this study. The patients were subdivided into 2 subgroups: those with dry eye syndrome (group I) and those without dry eye syndrome (group II). Methods: Tear break-up time, Lissamine green staining, and Schirmer I test with topical anesthesia were performed in the same order in all patients. Ocular Surface Disease Index questionnaire was completed by the patients. All participants underwent automated perimetry using the 24-2 SITA (Swedish interactive threshold algorithm) standard strategy before and after 1-week treatment with a lubricating eye drop 4 times daily. VF results were compared before and after the treatment using Wilcoxon signed rank test, and Mann-Whitney test was performed to compare the results of patients in groups I and II. Results: Of the 50 patients, 25 (50%) were diagnosed with dry eye syndrome. No significant differences between both groups were found with respect to age (P = 0.779) and glaucoma duration (P = 0.722). In patients with glaucoma with dry eye syndrome, there was a significant improvement in test duration, mean deviation, and the number of depressed points at probability level less than 0.5% and less than 1% in pattern deviation plots after the treatment (P < 0.05). Conclusions: The use of artificial tears in patients with glaucoma with dry eye syndrome decreased VF testing time and improved test results.
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    Serum vitamin D deficiency and its association with systemic disease in exfoliation syndrome
    (SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD, 2013) Kocabeyoglu, Sibel; Mocan, Mehmet Cem; Irkec, Murat; Pinar, Asli; Bozkurt, Banu; Orhan, Mehmet
    Purpose: To determine the association of serum vitamin D levels with exfoliation syndrome (XFS) and evaluate its impact on co-associated systemic diseases. Methods: Forty patients with XFS and 40 control subjects without XFS were recruited for this study Serum concentrations of 25-hydroxy vitamin D [25(OH) D] were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography Vitamin D deficiency was defined as a serum 25(OH) D concentration of <20 ng/mL. A detailed medical history including hypertension, diabetes mellitus, ischemic heart disease, cerebrovascular stroke, autoimmune disease, and neurologic disorders such as Parkinson disease and Alzheimer disease was recorded. Student t test and chi-square test was used for statistical evaluations. Results: The mean age of patients with XFS and control subjects was 69.6 +/- 8.1 years (range 58-90 years) and 67.1 +/- 6.3 years (range 60-86 years), respectively (p>0.05). Mean 25(OH) D levels did not differ between XFS (19.8 +/- 8.3 ng/mL) and control (19.9 +/- 10.3 ng/mL) groups (p = 0.978). Patients with XFS had higher prevalence of cerebrovascular (p = 0.026) and cardiovascular disease (p = 0.001). There was no association between the systemic disease status and serum vitamin D levels of patients with XFS. Conclusions: Although vitamin D levels were similar between XFS and control subjects, the levels were found to be decreased in both groups. Patients with XFS had a significantly higher prevalence of cerebrovascular and cardiovascular disease as compared to controls independent of their serum 25(OH) D levels. Low vitamin D level does not appear to be linked to XFS in the studied population.