Yazar "Kupeli, Suayip" seçeneğine göre listele

Listeleniyor 1 - 4 / 4
  • Küçük Resim Yok
    Öğe
    MINERALOGICAL AND GEOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF THE Na- AND Ca-BENTONITES OF ORDU (NE TURKEY)
    (CLAY MINERALS SOC, 2011) Karakaya, Muazzez Celk; Karakaya, Necati; Kupeli, Suayip
    A number of different types of bentonite deposits formed by hydrothermal alteration and diagenetic processes are to be found in the Ordu area of the Eastern Black Sea region. The Ca- and Na-bentonite deposits are related to Upper Cretaceous tholeitic to calc-alkaline volcanites, predominantly dacite and andesite, and also include rhyodacite with lesser basalt and their pyroclastic equivalents. In the present study, dacite (PR1), perlite (PR2), moderately altered rocks (MPR), and Na- and Ca-bentonites were studied to describe and compare their mineralogical and geochemical properties and their conditions of formation by means of X-ray diffraction, optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and chemical analytical techniques. Ca-bentonites, except for smectite, contain opal-CT, feldspar, biotite, and rarely pyrite, while Na-bentonites contain smectite and less feldspar, opal-CT, kaolinite, and illite. Progressive alteration of the PR2 caused depletion in K2O and Na2O and enrichment in MgO and CaO in all of the Ca-bentonite samples. Na2O was depleted in all of the Na-bentonites and in most of the MPR. The medium and heavy rare earth elements (MREE and HREE) show mass gain or mass loss in the Na-bentonites. The HREE show nearly immobile behavior in the Ca-bentonitcs. The rare earth elements (REE) and transition elements (TRE) mostly gained mass in the Ca-bentonites in contrast to Na-bentonites. Large-ion lithophile elements (LILE) are strongly depleted in all of the bentonites. The LREE, MREE, and HREE were strongly depleted in most of the MPR samples. TiO2, Lu, Tm, and Tb show immobile behavior in all samples. PR1 exhibits a slightly positive Eu anomaly. Two MPR samples show slightly positive Eu anomalies (1.03, 1.13), and one Na-bentonite sample displays a slightly positive Eu anomaly (1.04). Most of the Na-bentonites have weakly negative Eu anomalies, whereas perlite and the Ca-bentonite have a strongly negative Eu anomaly. The PR1, PR2, MPR, and Na-bentonite present a positive Ce anomaly, and the Ca-bentonite shows a moderately negative Cc anomaly. The Ca-montmorillonites are mainly hydrothermal in origin and derived from alteration of volcanoclastic material in situ and/or in the subaerial environment. The Na-montmorillonites formed by alteration and diagenesis of volcanoclastic material in the sedimentary basin.
  • Küçük Resim Yok
    Öğe
    Potential Bioaccumulator Mosses around Massive Sulfide Deposits in the Vicinity of the Giresun Area, Northeast Turkey
    (WILEY, 2015) Karakaya, Muazzez Celik; Karakaya, Necati; Kupeli, Suayip; Karadag, Mehmet Muzaffer; Kirmaci, Mesut
    The study area located in the western part of the Eastern Pontides, NE Turkey, represents the eastern part of the metallogenic province of the Black Sea region. The soil, water, and some mosses from the area contain heavy metal pollution from the mines and tailings of the abandoned and partially active massive sulfide deposits and their host rocks. The surface/subsurface/underground ore bodies generally cause the acidification of groundwater and the enrichment of heavy and toxic trace metals (Cu, Zn, Cd, Fe, As, and Pb) in the water, soil, and mosses. The mosses are Rhabdoweisia crispata, Pohlia nutans, and Pohlia elongata. R. crispata is a newly reported plant in Turkey, and the abovementioned moss species are observed especially where the toxic element contents of the water and soil are enriched. The mosses are sensitive to the trace metals and thus accumulate metal ions, predominantly Fe, Al, and Mn, which are apparent in the interaction between the water and roots. R. crispata is a better accumulator of trace metals and some major elements than the other mosses. R. crispata is therefore suitable for use in the recovery of polluted soil and water affected by acid mine wastewater from active and/or abandoned mining sites in the NE of Turkey.
  • Küçük Resim Yok
    Öğe
    Rare earth element (REE) geochemistry and genetic implications of the Mortas bauxite deposit (Seydisehir/Konya - Southern Turkey)
    (ELSEVIER GMBH, URBAN & FISCHER VERLAG, 2009) Karadag, M. Muzaffer; Kupeli, Suayip; Aryk, Fetullah; Ayhan, Ahmet; Zedef, Veysel; Doyen, Adnan
    The Mediterranean-type karst-bauxite deposit of Mortas, South Turkey, placed unconformably between Cenomanian and Senonian shallow marine limestones is built of massive (MB), oolithic (OB), breccia-bearing (BB) and earthy (EB) bauxite horizons, from top to bottom. The MB layer is enriched in Al and REE (except Cc) due to loss of Si, Na, K, Mg and P. REE are accumulated in the BB but depleted in the EB layers. The ferruginous OB lost LREE and gained in HREE probable due to scavenging by authigenic heavy minerals like rutile, anatase and titanite. Total REE contents in the bauxite profile display an increasing trend from bottom to top, while negative and maximum positive Ce anomalies characterize the upper and the lower parts of the profile, respectively. This unusual REE behavior is explicable by assuming mobilization of Ce(W) either under reducing condition or chemical complexation under alkaline conditions in the top layer and scavenging of Cc by Al-Mg hydrosilicates and Ti-oxides and/or precipitation with authigenic REE minerals, especially of the bastnasite group near the bedrock limestones. Similarity in chondrite normalized-REE patterns of the Seydisehir phyllites, bauxite and terra rossa samples and the presence of tridymite (?) in bauxites makes a felsic source rock most likely and reveal a close genetic relationship between the Seydisehir phyllites and the recent terra rossa occurrences. The REE patterns of the bauxites resemble those of the Katrangedigi limestone despite variations in Sigma REE. Field observations and geochemical data together with mass-balance calculations suggest that the Mortas deposit was derived from the Seydisehir phyllites and argillic phase within the Katrangedigi limestone which in turn have Precambrian (?) felsic, probably granitic precursors. (c) 2008 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.
  • Küçük Resim Yok
    Öğe
    Trace and rare-earth element behaviors during alteration and mineralization in the Attepe iron deposits (Feke-Adana, southern Turkey)
    (ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, 2010) Kupeli, Suayip
    Hydrothermal-metasomatic iron ores consisting mainly of siderite, ankerite and hematite are located in the Lower-Middle Cambrian limestone marbles of the Eastern Taurus Belt. The siderite, ankerite, hematite and host rock samples from the deposits have been investigated for major, trace, and rare-earth elements (REE) to evaluate the element mobility and mass transfer during fluid-rock interactions. Geochemical data show that the (Fe + Mn) concentrations regularly increase, and the (Ca + Mg + TC) contents progressively decrease from the host rock through ankerite, siderite, and hematite ores with increasing chemical index of metasomatism (CIM) values. The host limestone exhibits a pronounced positive Eu anomaly (2 to 3.45) and negative Ce anomalies (0.59 to 0.96). This limestone has much lower REE contents (3.92 ppm) than the Post-Archean Australian Shale (PAAS, 184.77 ppm). The elements of Cr, Y, Tb, Ho, and Lu are immobile and effectively conserved during hydrothermal processes. Compared with the host rock (precursor rock), the altered (ankerite) and mineralized rocks (siderite and hematite) were enriched in Fe, Mn, Ba and depleted in Ca, Mg, Si, Al, K, Na, Ti, and P during alteration and mineralization. The average REE contents of the ore samples (9.13 to 12.01 ppm, mean = 10.44 ppm) are higher than those of the host rock (3.92 ppm), but significantly lower than in the PAAS. Most of the REE were mobilized and fractionated during the hydrothermal processes that may have resulted mainly from low Eh and pH, plentiful complexing ligands, variable high temperature, changing ionic radius of REE and composition of the mineralizing fluids. The middle rare-earth elements (MREE) show diverse behaviors in different sample groups. The light rare-earth elements (LREE) were strongly leached out of the system, and the heavy rare-earth elements (HREE) were preferentially retained as REE-CI and/or -SO(4) complexes. The (La/Lu)(N) ratios show a decreasing trend from the host rock to siderite, ankerite, and hematite with increasing HREE and decreasing LREE contents. The ore samples show pronounced positive Eu (1.61 to 8.86) anomalies and weak to moderate negative Ce anomalies (0.34 and 0.98). Three samples display slightly positive Ce (1.06-1.09) anomalies. In the ore samples, the high field strength elements (HFSE) such as Ti, Zr, and P were depleted, as were the light lithophile (LIL, e.g., K, Th, U, Pb, La, and Ce) and trans-transition (TRT, e.g., Cu, Ni, and Zn) elements. The Ba and Sr demonstrate dissimilar behavior during the fluid-rock interaction. Ba was enriched, while Sr was depleted. (C) 2010 Elsevier BM. All rights reserved.