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Öğe Doublehaploidization Efficiency of Selected Pepper Genotypes Via in Vitro Anther Culture(Selçuk Üniversitesi, 2022) İlhan, Münevver; Kurtar, Ertan SaitThis study was carried out to determine the effects of genotype and media on haploid plant formation of 12 pepper genotypes (Capsicum annuum L.) via in vitro anther culture. The buds were cultured in 2 different media (O1 and O2) and, the results revealed that the media had effects on the development of anthers, embryo and plantlet initiation. When the anther developmental status is examined, the lowest value was obtained from the SU-31 genotype with 2.47%, while cv. Flinta F1 produced the highest rate with 12.79%. The highest growth rates were obtained from the O2 medium, and the cv. Dolphin variety produced a remarkable result with 25.0% in this medium. The cultivar Dolphin was the favorable genotypes with 8 embryos and 5 plants, while no embryo and plant were obtained from cv. Flinta F1 and SU-34. A total of 2868 anthers were cultured, 195 anthers were enlarged and the growth rate was 6.8%. Finally, 37 embryos and 18 plants were obtained and the frequencies were 1.29% and 0.63%, respectively. As a result of stomatal observations, 13 plants were detected haploid and the others were double haploid.Öğe THE EFFECTS OF ANTI-MITOTIC AGENTS ON DIHAPLOIDIZATION AND FERTILITY IN WINTER SQUASH (Cucurbita maxima Duch.) AND PUMPKIN (Cucurbita moschata Duch.) ANDROGENIC HAPLOIDS(WYDAWNICTWO AKAD ROLNICZEJ W LUBLINIE, 2018) Kurtar, Ertan SaitDouble-haploidization (DH) is one of the favorable techniques to obtain 100% pure double haploid plants (DH's) for generating the new F-1 cultivars in a short time. The fecundity of this technique depends on the high quantity of haploids and also fertile DH's. However, there are no comprehensive reports on the chromosome doubling and fertility (fruit and seed-set) of winter squash and pumpkin haploids, currently. Thus, to obtain high frequency and fertile DH's, the efficiency of different anti-mitotic agents (colchicine, amiprophos methyl, trifluralin and oryzalin) was tested at various concentrations and exposure times for both in vitro and in vivo conditions. Haploid plantlets recovered from anther cultures of winter squash and pumpkin lines were used for DH program. The haploid plants were wholly immersed in aqueous solutions of antimitotic agents in vitro and apical parts of haploid plantlets were treated with anti-mitotic agents three times in vivo. Since some plants remained haploid, and the highest DH efficiency was obtained from multiple treatments of colchicine to shoot tips of haploid plants in the rate of 93.3%. In vivo multiple treatments of 1% colchicine for an hour was found to be the best doubling procedure for the recovery of high-frequency fertile DH's in our winter squash and pumpkin breeding program.Öğe Production of Callus Mediated Gynogenic Haploids in Winter Squash (Cucurbita maxima Duch.) and Pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata Duch.)(CZECH ACADEMY AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES, 2018) Kurtar, Ertan Sait; Balkaya, Ahmet; Ozbakir Ozer, MehtapAlthough haploids were successfully produced via irradiated pollen technique and anther culture in Cucurbita maxima and Cucurbita moschata, the haploidization efficiency is still low due to genotype dependence. Thus, as an alternative technique, the efficacy of the ovule culture was investigated. Ovules were extracted at different flowering time and then cultured on a solid MS medium supplemented with 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), benzylaminopurine (BAP), thidiazuron (TDZ), and naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) to induce callogenesis and plant regeneration. The gynogenic response was influenced by the combination of plant growth regulators, genotype and culture time. The medium containing of 4.0 mg/l BAP + 0.05 mg/l NAA + 0.1 mg/l TDZ provided the highest response at anthesis time. Plantlets were rooted and elongated on a solid MS medium supplemented with 0.01 mg/l indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) + 1.0 mg/l BAP. The ploidy observations of 122 plants revealed that 70 plants were haploid, 46 plants were diploid and the others were mixoploid.Öğe RADIOBIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF GAMMA IRRADIATION ON WINTER SQUASH (CUCURBITA MAXIMA DUCH.) AND PUMPKIN (CUCURBITA MOSCHATA DUCH.) LINES IN M-0 AND M-1 GENERATIONS(PARLAR SCIENTIFIC PUBLICATIONS (P S P), 2018) Kurtar, Ertan Sait; Seymen, Musa; Turkmen, Onder; Kurt, DursunMutation breeding is one of the favorable techniques to the production of new cultivars and lines. But the determination of mutagen type and their appropriate doses the most important points in mutagenesis due to lethality in living organism. In the present study, the winter squash and pumpkin seeds were irradiated with a Co-60 source at five gamma ray doses (50, 100, 200, 300 and 400 Gy). Radiobiological effects of the gamma rays were investigated in root tip cells of germinated seeds in the M-0 (irradiated seeds) and M-1 generations of winter squash and pumpkin lines via mitotic index (MI), mitotic abnormalities (MA) (total abnormal cell, abnormality percentage, and chromosomal aberrations). Seeds irradiated with doses of up to 200 Gy exhibited similar MI and MA as non-irradiated control seeds. While cell division sharply interrupted and reduced, MA gradually increased at 300 Gy and 400 Gy gamma ray doses. M-0 showed the greater decrease in MI and increase in MA than M-1 generation.
