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Öğe Effect of Clinoptilolite on Performance of Broiler Chickens During Experimental Aflatoxicosis(Carfax Publishing, 2000) Oğuz, H.; Kurtoğlu, V.1. The amelioration of aflatoxicosis in broiler chickens was examined by feeding 2 concentrations of natural zeolite (clinoptilolite). Clinoptilolite (CLI), incorporated into the diet at 15 and 25 g/kg, was evaluated for its ability to reduce the deleterious effects of 25 mg total anatoxin (AF; 76.40% AFB(1), 16.12% AFB(2), 6.01% AFG(1) and 1.47% AFG in diet on growing broiler chicks from I to 21 d of age. A total of 360 broiler chicks were divided into 6 treatment groups (6 replicates of 10 broilers each): control, AF. CLI (15 g/kg), AF plus CLI (15 g/kg), CLI (25 g/kg), and AF plus CLI (25 g/kg). 2. Compared to controls, the AF treatment had significantly decreased body weight gain From week 1 onwards. The adverse effect of AF on food consumption (8.0%) and food conversion ratio (8.3%) was also shown over the entire 21-d Feeding period. 3. The addition of CLI (15 g/kg) to an AF-containing diet significantly reduced the deleterious effects of AF on food consumption and body weight gain. Food conversion ratio was also slightly improved by adding CLI (15 g/kg) to AF-containing diets. Food consumption, body weight gain and food conversion ratio values were rendered numerically intermediate between AF and control groups by the addition of CI,I (25 g/kg) to the AF-containing diet. 4. The addition of CLI (both 15 and 25 g/kg) to the AF-free diet did not produce any significant changes compared with the controls, except for decreased total food consumption in the CLI (25 g/kg)-alone group. 5. These results suggest that CLI (15 g/kg) addition effectively diminished the detrimental effects of AF on the values investigated. Also, the lower dietary concentration of CLI (15 g/kg) was more effective than the greater concentration against the adverse effects of AF on the variables investigated in this study.Öğe Effect of Clinoptilolite on Serum Biochemical and Haematological Characters of Broiler Chickens During Aflatoxicosis(W B Saunders Co Ltd, 2000) Oğuz, H.; Keçeci, T.; Birdane, Y. O.; Önder, F.; Kurtoğlu, V.Clinoptilolite (CLI, a natural zeolite) incorporated into the diet at 1.5 and 2.5 per cent were evaluated for their ability to reduce the deleterious effects of 2.5 mg total aflatoxin (AF) kg(-1) diet on broiler chickens from 1 to 21 days of age. In total 360 broiler chicks were divided into six equal treatment groups (control, AF. CLI (1.5 per cent). AF plus CLI (1.5 per cent), CLI (2.5 per cent) and AF plus CLI (2.5 per cent)). When compared with the controls, AF treatment significantly decreased serum total protein, albumin, inorganic phosphorus, uric acid, total cholesterol and the values of haematocrit, red blood cell counts, mean corpuscular volume, haemoglobin, thrombocyte counts, percentage of monocyte counts; increased values of white blood cell and heterophil counts. The addition of CLI (1.5 per cent) and CLI (2.5 per cent) to the AF-containing diet reduced the adverse effects of AF and should be helpful in a solution to the aflatoxicosis problem in poultry.Öğe Effect of Dietary Probiotic on Performance and Humoral Immune Response(TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD, 2001) Balevi, T.; Uçan, U. S.; Coşkun, B.; Kurtoğlu, V.; Çetingül, I. S.1. The effects of dietary supplementation of a commercial probiotic ( Protexin(TM)) on daily feed consumption, egg yield, egg weight, food conversion ratio and humoral immune response in layer hens were investigated. In 7 replicates, a total of 280 40-week-old layers were given diets containing either 0, 250, 500 or 750 parts per million (ppm) for 90 d. 2. When compared with the controls, the food consumption, food conversion ratio and the proportions of damaged eggs were lower in the group consuming 500 ppm probiotic ( P< 0.05). 3. There was no significant difference between the controls and the groups receiving 250 and 750 ppm probiotic in food consumption, food conversion ratio and proportion of damaged eggs. Similarly, the egg yield, egg weight, specific gravity, and peripheral immune response showed no statistically significant differences between the groups.Öğe Effects of Boron Supplementation of Adequate and Inadequate Vitamin D-3-Containing Diet on Performance and Serum Biochemical Characters of Broiler Chickens(W B SAUNDERS CO LTD, 2001) Kurtoğlu, V.; Kurtoğlu, F.; Coşkun, B.In this study, supplementation of two levels (5 and 25 parts per million; ppm) of boron into broiler diets including 125 IU kg(-1), (inadequate) and 2000 IU kg (1) (adequate) vitamin D-3 as investigated. The effects of supplementation on performance and biochemical characters (Ca, P, Mg, glucose and AP) of broilers from 1 to 45 days of age were evaluated. Boron provided significant increases in performances of chicks fed both adequate and inadequate vitamin D-3-containing diets. The improvements in the inadequate vitamin D-3-containing group were higher than that of adequate vitamin D-3-containing group. The boron addition had a positive effect on Ca, P and alkaline phosphatase levels of chicks. Boron might be regarded as beneficial in inadequate vitamin D-3-containing broiler feed.Öğe Effects of Echinacea Extract on the Performance, Antibody Titres, and Intestinal Histology of Layer Chicks(TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD, 2010) Gürbüz, E.; Balevi, T.; Kurtoğlu, V.; Coşkun, B.; Öznurlu, Y.; Kan, Y.; Kartal, M.1. This research was conducted to determine the effect of diet supplementation with Echinacea extract (cichoric acid) on the growth performance, antibody titres and intestinal tissue histology of layer chicks. 2. White, 1-d-old, Hy-Line hybrid chicks (n = 540) were divided into three treatments, each consisting of 6 groups of 30 chicks (n = 180): (1) control; (2) 2 center dot 5 mg/kg cichoric-acid-fed; and (3) 5 mg/kg cichoric-acid-fed. The trial lasted 60 d. 3. While the growth performance of the chicks was depressed between d 1 and 45, it was found to improve between d 45 and 60. 4. Feed consumption was lower in both of the cichoric-acid-fed groups than in the control group between d 1-15 and 15-30, but was higher between d 30 and 45. Overall, mean feed consumption did not differ between the control and cichoric-acid-fed groups during the 60 d study period. 5. During the 60 d evaluation period, live weight gain, feed utilisation rate and final live weight were higher in the control group than in both of the cichoric-acid-fed groups. 6. Antibody titres against infectious bronchitis and infectious bursal disease did not differ between the three groups, but those for Newcastle disease were higher in the 2 center dot 5 mg/kg cichoric-acid-fed group than in the control group after 45 d. 7. Height and width of the jejunal villus and the thickness of the muscle layer were lower in the 5 mg/kg cichoric-acid-fed group than in both the control and the 2 center dot 5 mg/kg cichoric-acid-fed groups. The height of the ileal villus was also lower in the 5 mg/kg cichoric-acid-fed group than in the other two groups. 8. Echinacea extract supplementation for layer chicks appears not to benefit growth performance and intestinal histology during the growing period.Öğe Effects of Polyvinylpolypyrrolidone, Synthetic Zeolite and Bentonite on Serum Biochemical and Haematological Characters of Broiler Chickens During Aflatoxicosis(CARFAX PUBL CO, 1998) Keçeci, T.; Oğuz, H.; Kurtoğlu, V.; Demet, O.1. Polyvinylpolypyrrolidone (PVPP), synthetic zeolite (SZ) and bentonite (BNT), when incorporated into the diets at 3, 5 and 5 g/kg respectively, were evaluated for their ability to reduce the deleterious effects of 2.5mg aflatoxin (AF; 83.06% AFB(1), 12.98% AFB(2), 2.84% AFG(1), and 1.12% AFG(2),)/kg diet on growing broiler chickens from 1 day to 3 weeks of age. A total of 210 chicks were divided into 10 treatment groups (control, AF, PVPP, AF plus PVPP, PVPP plus SZ, AF plus PVPP plus SZ, PVPP plus BNT, AF plus PVPP plus BNT, AF plus SZ and AF plus BNT) each consisting of 21 chicks. 2. When compared to control, the AF treatment significantly decreased serum total protein, albumin, inorganic phosphorus, uric acid and total cholesterol, and the values of haematocrit, haemoglobin, mean corpuscular haemoglobin, thrombocyte counts, percentage of lymphocyte and monocyte counts; increased values of white blood cell and heterophil counts. 3. Decreased serum albumin caused by AF was significantly ameliorated by PVPP plus BNT. A similar increase was obtained in serum total cholesterol by adding BNT to the AF-containing diet. 4. The serum uric acid, white blood cell counts and percentage of lymphocyte and monocyte counts were numerically intermediate between control and AF values in all of the adsorbent treatments containing AF. The change in thrombocyte counts was alleviated by all of the adsorbent treatments containing AF, except AF plus SZ. The addition of the adsorbents in the AF-free diets did not significantly alter the serum biochemical and haematological parameters compared to controls.Öğe Preventive Efficacy of Clinoptilolite in Broilers During Chronic Aflatoxin (50 and 100 Ppb) Exposure(W B Saunders Co Ltd, 2000) Oğuz, H.; Kurtoğlu, V.; Coşkun, B.This study was conducted to evaluate the protective efficacy of clinoptilolite (CLI, a natural zeolite) in the prevention of toxic effects of aflatoxin (AF). A total of 576 1-day-old Ross broiler chicks were housed in six treatment groups [six replicates of 16 each; control, CLI (15 g kg(-1) diet), 50 parts per billion (ppb) AF, 50 ppb AF plus CLI, 100 ppb AF, 100 ppb AF plus CLI] for 42 days. Compared to controls, 100 ppb AF treatment significantly decreased body weight gains of chicks. The addition of CLI to the 100 ppb Accontaining diet moderately reduced the adverse effects of AF On performances of chicks. The chicks consuming 50 ppb AF-containing diet showed no significant differences on investigated parameters compared to controls. Also. the single addition of CLI to the AF-free diet had no adverse effects in birds. These results suggest that CLI can be beneficial in broilers for protection of AF toxicity at the level above.
