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Öğe Ankara-Yozgat hattında mühendislik ve cbs amaçlı yaklaşıkjeoit hesabı(2019) Kahveci, Muzaffer; Tuşat, Ekrem; Yıldız, Ferruh; Sarı, Fatih; Mikailsoy, FarizGlobal Konum Belirleme Sistemlerinin (GNSS) çok yüksek doğruluklar sağlamaya başlamasıyla birlikte,uygulamada kısa sürede yüksek doğruluklu jeoit yüksekliklerinin elde edilmesi gereksinimi de önemli ölçüdeartmıştır. Örneğin, mühendislik uygulamalarında ve CBS çalışmalarında ortometrik yükseklikler kullanıldığıiçin yerel jeoit belirleme çalışmaları daha da önem kazanmıştır.Bilindiği gibi Türkiye tektonik olarak aktif bir bölgede olup, farklı zamanlarda meydana gelen depremler ülkenivelman ağındaki noktaların düşey konumlarında deformasyonlara/değişimlere neden olmaktadır. Diğertaraftan Ülke Temel Jeodezik Ağlarının kurulması ve yaşatılmasından sorumlu olan Harita Genel Müdürlüğü(HGM; eski adıyla Harita Genel Komutanlığı), 1999 yılından bu yana GNSS ölçülerinden yararlanarak farklıyıllarda güncel Türkiye Jeoidi modelleri hesaplayarak, kullanıcıların hizmetine sunmaktadır. HGM tarafındanbu güne kadar hesaplanmış olan jeoit modellerinin dış doğrulukların genel olarak 10 cm’den daha iyi olmadığıdeğerlendirilmektedir. Oysa kullanıcıların ihtiyacı olan bu doğrulukların 10 cm’den daha iyi olması arzu edilenbir durumdur. Söz konusu doğruluklara ulaşılıp ulaşılamayacağının araştırılması için Selçuk Üniversitesiolanakları ile pilot bir uygulama yapılması hedeflenmiş ve bu amaçla sadece İç Anadolu’nun belirli birkesimini kapsayacak yerel gravimetrik jeoit ve geometrik yaklaşımla yaklaşık(quasi)-jeoit hesaplanması içinKonya Selçuk Üniversitesi kaynakları kullanılarak bir bilimsel araştırma projesi başlatılmıştır.Söz konusu proje bölgesine ilişkin mevcut GNSS ve nivelman verilerine ilaveten gravite verileri arazideölçülmüş ve mutlak gravite değerleri, TG-03 kestirim değerleri gibi bazı diğer veriler de HGM’den teminedilmiştir. Yerel quasi-jeoit hesabında Karlsruhe Üniversitesi Uygulamalı Bilimler Enstitüsü tarafındangeliştirilmiş ve proje kapsamında temin edilmiş olan DFHRS (Sonlu Elemanlı Yükseklik Referans Sistemi)yazılımı kullanılmıştır. Söz konusu yazılım sürekli polinomsal yükseklik referans sistemi ve GNSS ile eldeedilen elipsoidal yüksekliklere dayalı olarak jeoit yüksekliklerinin N(?, ?, h) parametrik modellenmesiprensibine dayanmaktadır. Bu yazılım ile yapılan hesaplama sonucunda 10 cm’den daha iyi doğruluklu yerelquasi-jeoit elde edilmesi sağlanmıştır. Aynı noktalardaki GPS/Nivelman jeoidi, DFHRS hesap ve TG-03kestirim değerleri birbirleriyle karşılaştırılmıştır. Netice olarak, bu makalede proje kapsamında sadecegeometrik yaklaşımla hesaplanmış olan quasi-jeoit modeline ilişkin yapılmış olan çalışmalar ile ulaşılmış olanara sonuçlar sunulmaktadır.Öğe Average Concentration of Soluble Salts in Leached Soils Inferred From the Convective-Dispersive Equation(Springer, 2010) Mikailsoy, Fariz; Pachepsky, YakovThe convective-dispersive, or advective-dispersive, equation (CDE) has long been the model of choice for solute transport in soils. Using the average concentration of soluble salts in soil profile to evaluate changes in salinity due to irrigation can be beneficial when spatial variability of soil salinity at selected depths is larger than spatial variability of soil salinity in the layer encompassing these depths, and when soil salinity is evaluated with electric conductivity measurements that give layer-average rather than depth-specific salinity values. The objective of this work was to present analytical solutions of the CDE that express the average soluble salt content in soil profile as the function of time, water flux, and solute dispersion parameter. The solutions were developed for both semiinfinite and finite domain and implemented in a computer code. Examples are presented of using these solutions to develop a nomogram for the dispersion coefficient estimation and to evaluate the applicability of the semiinfinite domain solution to soil monolith leaching experiments. In cases when the CDE application is justified, the analysis of the salt leaching based on the average salt concentrations in soil profile provides estimates of the effective salt dispersion parameter useful in land evaluation and soil reclamation.Öğe Effect of applied water and discharge rate on wetted soil volume in loam or clay-loam soil from an irrigated trickle source(ACADEMIC JOURNALS, 2009) Acar, Bilal; Topak, Ramazan; Mikailsoy, FarizThis study was designated to determine the effect of different applied water by use of different emitter discharges on the wetting patterns of a loam or clay-loam soil under trickle source. Irrigation water was applied when the soil water depletion of 30 and 50% from available water capacity of soil in 0 - 90 depth. The discharge rates of 2 and 4 L h(-1) was selected in irrigation treatments. The parameters affected the wetted soil volume of vertical wetting front advance Z(f), lateral wetting front advance within the soil profile R(s) or at the surface R(f),were researched. The Z(f) and R(s) varied 43 to 58 cm and 54 to 60 cm, respectively. Different emitter discharges had no significant effects on Z(f), R(s) and R(f). Different water applications had significant effect on Z(f) but, had no significant effects on R(s) or R(f). The highest wetted soil volume was obtained as 122681.6 cm(3) irrigation at 50% depletion from the available water capacity of soil from by 4 L h(-1) emitter discharge use. The results showed that higher application rate favors the both vertical and lateral direction of water.Öğe Measurements and modelling of wind erosion rate in different tillage practices using a portable wind erosion tunnel(LITHUANIAN RESEARCH CENTRE AGRICULTURE & FORESTRY, 2016) Carman, Kazim; Marakoglu, Tamer; Taner, Alper; Mikailsoy, FarizArtificial intelligence systems are widely accepted as a technology providing an alternative method to solve complex and ill-defined problems. Artificial neural network (ANN) is a technique with a flexible mathematical structure, which is capable of identifying a complex nonlinear relationship between the input and output data. The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between dust concentration and wind erosion rate, and to illustrate how ANN might play an important role in the prediction of wind erosion rate. Data were recorded via field experiments by using a portable field wind tunnel. The experiments were carried out for eight different tillage applications that include the conventional, six different reduced tillage and the direct seeding practices. Particulate matter (PM) concentration generally decreased with a decrease in number or intensity of tillage operations. Direct seeding resulted in the lowest PM,, concentration. After tillage applications, wind erosion rate varied between 113 and 1365 g m(-2) h(-1). Results showed that wind erosion rate was lower in direct seeding than in conventional and reduced tillage applications. In this paper, a sophisticated intelligent model, based on a 1-(8-5)-1 ANN model with a back-propagation learning algorithm, was developed to predict the changes in the wind erosion rate due to dust concentration occurring during tillage. In addition, the prediction of the model was made according to traditional methods of wind erosion rate by using the programme Statistica, version 5. The verification of the proposed model was carried out by applying various numerical error criteria. The ANN model consistently provided better predictions compared with the nonlinear regression-based model. The relative error of the predicted values was found to be less than the acceptable limits (10%). Based on the results of this study, ANN appears to be a promising technique for predicting wind erosion rate.Öğe NON-LINEAR MODELLING TO DESCRIBE THE WIND EROSION RATE IN DIFFERENT TILLAGE PRACTICES(PARLAR SCIENTIFIC PUBLICATIONS (P S P), 2018) Mikailsoy, Fariz; Carman, Kazim; Ozbek, OsmanSoil erosion is a growing problem in Turkey and particularly in the Middle Anatolia, the biggest semi arid agricultural production area with great agricultural activity. Soil erosion not only decreases agricultural productivity, but also reduces the water availability in region. Nonlinear regression models are important tools because many crop and soil processes are better represented by nonlinear than linear models. Fitting nonlinear models is not a single-step procedure but an involved process that requires careful examination of each individual step. The purpose of this study was to develop a wind erosion rate prediction models by dust concentration measurement during the soil tillage. The models have a modified form of growt curve. The experiments were carried out for eight different tillage practices that include the conventional, six different reduced tillage and the direct seeding practices. To collect the data under controlled wind conditions but on in situ soils, a portable wind erosion tunnel was designed and utilised during field experiments. Eight different non-linear models were used for predicted of wind erosion rate as depending on dust concentration in tillage. While 6 of these models were taken from the available sources, two models were developed by us. The wind erosion prediction models derived from dust concentration data showed a good agreement with the measured data with R-2 = 92.52 ... 93.74 %. The mean absolute percentage error of the predicted values was found to be less than the acceptable limits (10%) in existing non linear model 6 and, developed non linear models 7 and 8. Based on predictive performance criteria, developed semi-empirical non linear model 8 appears to be a promising technique for predicting wind erosion rate.
