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Öğe Determination of Performance of the Soybean Oil in Farm Tractors as Hydraulic Fluid(TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC, 2009) Oğuz, Hidayet; Acaroğlu, Mustafa; Öğüt, Hüseyin; İlban, BarışVegetable oils include an environmentally compatible lubricant and alternative fuels. To base such a lubricant and hydraulic fluids on a vegetable oil creates a product environmentally friendly and nontoxic. They have a high viscosity index and flammable point. This study describes vegetable oil-based use possibilities as hydraulic fluids on farm tractors. Mineral and soybean oils were tested as hydraulic fluid as per OECD Standard Code II (for the Official Testing of Agricultural and Forestry Tractor Performance) or OECD-II tests standards in New Holland brand tractors, which are manufactured locally in Turkey considering the environmental concerns. Density, viscosity, acidity, iodine number, saponification, unsaponification matter, cold test, flash point, melting point, pour point, and water content of the soybean oil were determined before and after the testing according to the standards. Both types of oil produced similar performances indicating that soybean oil can substitute mineral oil in hydraulic systems of farm tractors. Soybean oil as used in hydraulic fluids was determinate between mineral oil and soybean oil. Standard deviation was 1.57 and correlation was 0.76. Maximum lift power was 14.25 Nm at 685 mm lifting height in soybean oil, whereas 14.49 Nm value was obtained by mineral oil in the same height. According to the results, soybean oil can be used as an alternative hydraulic fluid.Öğe Diesel yakıtı-ayçiçek yağı karışımlarının diesel motorlarda yakıt olarak kullanılma imkanlarının araştırılması(Selçuk Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, 1998) Oğuz, Hidayet; Demir, FikretÖzellikle 1973 'deki petrol krizinden sonra, enerji maddelerinin yüksek fiyatı, bir çok ülkede yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklarından yağların, yakıt olarak kullanımının araştırılmasını zorunlu hale getirmiştir. Diesel yakıtına ikame olarak, bitkisel yağlar yaygın olarak düşünülmeye başlanmıştır. Örnek olarak ayçiçeği yağı alternatiflerden birisidir. Bu çalışmada, önce yakıtın fiziksel özellikleri belirlenmiştir. Viskozite hariç ayçiçek yağının fiziksel özellikleri diesel yakıtının özelliklerinden pek farklı değildir. Yüksek viskozite sorununu çözmede seyreltme, mikroemilsiyon, piroliz ve transesterifikasyon yöntemleri kullanılmaktadır. Seyreltme yöntemi bitkisel yağlara uygun miktarlarda diesel yakıtı karıştırılarak elde edilmektedir. Bu çalışmada seyreltme yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Ayçiçek yağı diesel yakıtına hacimsel olarak %20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80 oranlarında karıştırılarak seyreltilmiştir. Elde edilen bu yakıtlar motorda herhangibir değişiklik yapılmadan kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen bu karışımlar dört zamanlı, üç silindirli, 43 kW gücünde John Deere 3179 DF diesel bir motorda denenerek, diesel yakıtı ile mukayese edilmiştir. Ayrıca yakıt tüketimi, tork, güç, duman yoğunluğu ve HC, CO, CO2 olarak gaz emisyonları incelenmiştir. Sonuç olarak rafine edilmiş ayçiçeği yağı ile diesel yakıtı karışımları kullanıldığı zaman, diesel yakıtı ile mukayese edildiğinde, motor performansında önemli oranlarda değişme olmadığı belirlenmiştir.Öğe The Effect on Performance and Exhaust Emissions of Adding Cotton Oil Methyl Ester to Diesel Fuel(2016) Kahraman, Ali; Ciniviz, Murat; Örs, İlker; Oğuz, HidayetIn the study, engine performance and exhaust emissions of diesel fuel and cotton oil methyl ester (COME) blends at proportions of 2%, %5 and 10% (v/v) have been investigated. The engine was fuelled with COME-diesel blends and pure diesel when running the engine at six different engine speed (1000, 1200, 1400, 1600, 1800, 2000 rpm) and at full load. Test results are presented engine torque and specific fuel consumption (SCF) as engine performance, and Carbon monoxide (CO), Hydrocarbon (HC), smoke and nitrogen oxides (NOx) as exhaust emissions. As result, this study is show that although engine performance decreased with COME adding to diesel fuel, exhaust emissions was generally improved.Öğe Investigation of the characteristics of biodiesel from Balci species of safflower(2012) Öğüt, Hüseyin; Oğuz, Hidayet; Bacak, Seda; Mengeş, O. Hakan; Köse, Arzu; Eryılmaz, TanzerSafflower whose genetic origin is Anatolia was forgotten in time; however, it started to attract attention again as a raw material supply when biodiesel was started to be used in Turkey. Thus, its production has increased. The species like Yenice, Dinçer Remzibey 05 were cultivated. In addition to these three species, Balcı safflower species was cultivated and introduced to public. In this study, Balcı safflower which is a new species was obtained from Anatolian Agricultural Research Institute and oil was extracted from this safflower and biodiesel was produced from this oil. Oil acid components and some fuel characteristics of the biodiesel produced were examined.Öğe Investigation of the Performance and Emission Values of Non-Standard Fuels at Diesel Engines(2010) Eryılmaz, Tanzer; Öğüt, Hüseyin; Oğuz, Hidayet; Bacak, SedaDiesel engines have very important role at transportation and agriculture. Due to the fuels used in diesel engines being expensive and tendency of increase in its price, consumers have been forced to seek alternative fuels. However, the effects of fuels on environment and engines have been ignored. In this study, together with diesel fuel oil as a reference, the effects of number 10 mineral oil and waste vegetable neutralized oil on engine performance and exhaust emission were investigated. The engine used in study was diesel with single cylinder, four cycle, direct injection, and rate power of 15 HP engine. Results of the study showed that when both waste vegetable oil and number 10 mineral oil were used, the power and moment values have decreased 9.1% and 2.8%, respectively while the specific fuel consumption has increased.Öğe Investigation of the Usability of Biodiesel from Horse Oil in Diesel Engines(Selçuk Üniversitesi, 2023) Aydın, Fatih; Oğuz, Hidayet; Öğüt, HüseyinBiodiesel is an alternative diesel fuel produced from animal and vegetable oils. As an alternative and ecologically acceptable substitute for conventional fuel, biodiesel is produced from a wide variety of edible vegetable oils that are usually used for human consumption and whose prices are expected to rise in the future. In this context, reliable and lowcost raw materials are gaining increasing interest for biodiesel production, such as by-products of meat processing industries or waste animal fats. Biodiesel production from waste animal fat, and raw food does not compete with the industry and has a great potential for waste caused by the global decline. In our study, a potential alternative fuel was produced for diesel engines by using the non-food-grade fat portion of horse meat consumed in Middle Asia countries. Solid crude horse oil was liquefied, and its fatty acid components were analyzed and transformed into horse oil biodiesel by the transesterification method. It was determined whether the fuel properties of crude horse oil, horse oil biodiesel, and euro diesel fuel comply with the standard values, and their usability in diesel engines was investigated. As a result of the tests, it has been concluded that horse oil biodiesel does not meet the standards in terms of cold flow properties and can only be used at a rate of low volumetric ratios in diesel engines. This article will contribute to the use of horse oil biodiesel production stages and fuel properties in diesel engines and future studies.Öğe An Investigation of the Use of Rapeseed Oil in Agricultural Tractors as Engine Oil(TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC, 2001) Acaroğlu, Mustafa; Oğuz, Hidayet; Öğüt, HüseyinIn this study, as engine oil canola (rapeseed-00 oil), which is vegetable oil based and biodegradable, was used. This investigation was performed in Turk Motor Company (TUMOSAN), 34 kW diesel engines with 3 cylinders as the motor was used. As a mineral oil, Turkish Petroleum Office (Petrol Ofisi) 20 W/50 and canola were tested for 50 h each, and the values of kinematics viscosity, viscosity index, flash point, and total base number about engine oils were determined in the laboratory. In addition, during the study engine performance values, oil temperature, and oil pressure were measured, and engine emission values were also measured when using different types of oil. Then the values measured were compared for each engine oil. At the end of the analysis in the laboratory, viscosity value of Petrol Ofisi 20 W50 mineral oil was 527.3 Redwood second, viscosity of rapeseed oil-00 was 140 Redwood second and the density of both oils was measured as orderly 0.856 and 0.857 g/cm(3).Öğe Prediction of Diesel Engine Performance Using Biofuels with Artificial Neural Network(Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, 2010) Oğuz, Hidayet; Sarıtaş, İsmail; Baydan, Hakan EmreBiodiesel, bioethanol and biogas are the most important alternative fuels produced by using biologic origin sources. Effect of biofuel on engine performance is one of the research subjects of today. The engine experiments to test the engines are many times are hard, time consuming and high cost. Additionally, it is impossible to perform the test outside of limiting values. In this study, an artificial neural network, an artificial intelligence technique, is developed to successfully apply on automotive sector as well as many different areas of technology aiming to overcome difficulties of the experiments, minimize the cost, time and workforce waste. Diesel fuel, biodiesel, B20 and bioethanol-diesel fuel having different percentages (5%, 10%, and 15%) and biodiesel were mixed together, to use in developed artificial neural network Mixtures were also controlled for their fuel properties and motor experiments were performed to collect the reference values. Power, moment, hourly fuel consumption and specific fuel consumption were estimated by using the artificial neural network developed by using the reference values. Estimated values and experiment results are compared. As a result, from the performed statistical analyses, it is seen that realized artificial intelligence model is an appropriate model to estimate the performance of the engine used in the experiments. Reliability value is calculated as 99.94% (p = 0.9994 and p > 0.05) by using statistical analyses.Öğe Tarım kesiminde yaygın olarak kullanılan dizel motorlarında fındık yağı biyodizelinin yakıt olarak kullanım imkanlarının incelenmesi(Selçuk Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, 2004-03-05) Oğuz, Hidayet; Öğüt, HüseyinBitkisel yağlar ve bunlardan elde edilen özellikle metil ester "biyodizel" dünya çapında giderek artan ilgiye sahiptir. Biyodizel, fiziksel - kimyasal ve yanma özellikleri bakımından dizel yakıtına benzer özellik göstermektedir. îçten yanmalı motorlarda herhangi bir değişiklik yapılmadan ya değişik oranlarda dizel yakıtı ile karıştırılarak yada saf olarak dizel yakıtının yerine kullamlabilmektedir. Geleneksel dizel yakıtı hidrokarbon formunda ve kükürt emisyonları şeklinde çevre kirlenmesine sebep olmaktadır. Biyodizel fosil kökenli dizel yakıtına kıyasla oldukça çevre dostu bir yakıttır. Bu çalışmada, önce alternatif yakıt olarak fındık yağı metil esterinin fiziksel ve kimyasal özellikleri belirlenmiştir. Genellikle yüksek viskozite sorununu çözmede seyreltme, mikroemilsiyon, proliz transesterifikasyon ve süper kritik yöntemleri olmak üzere beş metot kullanılmaktadır. Bunlardan en yaygın kullanılan metot bitkisel yağların transesterifikasyonudur. Bu çalışmada da transesterifikasyon yöntemi kullamlmıştır. Elde edilen findik yağı metil esteri (FYME) dört zamanlı, dört silindirli, 60 kW gücünde direkt püskürtmeli TÜMOSAN 4D39T dizel bir motorda denenerek, dizel yakıtı ile karşılaştırılmıştır. Ayrıca yakıt tüketimi, tork, güç, duman yoğunluğu ve HC, CO, CO2 olarak gaz emisyonları incelenmiştir. Sonuç olarak findik yağı metil esteri (FYME) kullanıldığı zaman, dizel yakıtı ile mukayese edildiğinde, motor performansında önemli oranlarda değişme olmadığı belirlenmiştir. Güçte çok az bir düşme özgül yakıt tüketiminde % 10.2'lik bir artış bulunmuştur.Öğe Tarım traktörlerinde bitkisel kökenli yağ ve yakıt kullanımı(Selçuk Üniversitesi Teknoloji Fakültesi, 2001) Oğuz, Hidayet; Öğüt, HüseyinÇevre koruma bilincini artması, çevreye uyumlu ürünlerin geniş bir varyetesinin gelişmesini sağlamıştır. Bu üretim çevreye uyumlu alternatif yakıt ve yağlayıcıları da kapsamaktadır. Bitkisel yağların alternatif yakıt ve yağlayıcı madde olarak ortaya çıkmasındaki esas, ürünlerin çevre dostu olması, çiftçi tarafından üretilmesi ve doğaya serbest bırakıldığı zaman kendiliğinden biyolojik olarak kolay ayrışabilme yeteneğinin olmasıdır.Bu çalışmada bitkisel esaslı yağların tarım traktörlerinde yakıt, motor yağı, ve hidrolik yağı olarak kullanım imkanları ve bunların avantaj ve dezavantajları ortaya konulmuştur.
