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    The Effect of Additional Enamel Etching and a Flowable Composite to the Interfacial Integrity of Class Ii Adhesive Composite Restorations
    (OPERATIVE DENTISTRY INC, 2001) Belli, Sema; Inokoshi, S; Özer, Faruk; Pereira, PNR; Ogata, M; Tagami, J
    This in vitro study evaluated the interfacial integrity of Class II resin composite restorations. The influence of a flowable composite and additional enamel etching was also evaluated. Deep, saucer-shaped Class LI cavities were prepared in the mesial and distal proximal surfaces of 25 extracted human molars and assigned to five treatment groups. The gingival margins were extended to approximately 1 mm above the CEJ in 40 cavities and below the CEJ in 10 cavities. The prepared cavities were then restored with a self-etching primer system (Clearfil Liner Bond LT) and a hybrid resin composite (Clearfil AP-X), with and without a flowable composite (Protect Liner Fl and additional enamel etching with 37% phosphoric acid gel (K-etchant). After finishing, polishing and thermocycling (4 and 60 degreesC, x300), the samples were longitudinally sectioned through the restorations and resin-tooth interfaces were observed directly under a laser scanning microscope. Statistical analysis indicated that the use of a flowable composite produced significantly more (p=0.04) gap-free resin-dentin interfaces than teeth restored without the flowable composite. However, both flowable composite and enamel etching could not prevent gap formation at enamel-resin interfaces and crack formation on enamel walls.
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    Microtensile bond strength of a filled vs unfilled adhesive to dentin using self-etch and total-etch technique
    (ELSEVIER SCI LTD, 2006) Say, EC; Nakajima, M; Senawongse, P; Soyman, M; Ozer, F; Ogata, M; Tagami, J
    Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of a filled adhesive (One-Step Plus; Bisco) versus an unfilled adhesive (One-Step; Bisco) on the microtensite bond strength (mu TBS) to dentin using total-etch (Uni-etch; Bisco) and self-etch (Tyrian SPE; Bisco) techniques. Methods: Twenty extracted human third molars were ground flat to expose occlusal dentin. After the dentin surfaces were polished with 600-grit SiC paper, the teeth were randomly assigned to four groups according to the bonding agent and technique being used. Dentin surfaces were bonded with One-Step Plus + total-etch; One-Step Plus+self-etch; One- Step+ total-etch and One-Step + self-etch. Composite buildups were performed with Clearfil AP-X (Kuraray Medical). Following storage in distilled water at 37 degrees C for 24 h, the bonded specimens were serially sectioned into 0.7 mm-thick stabs and then trimmed to hour-glass shapes with a 1 mm? cross-sectional area (n = 20). Microtensile bond strengths were determined using the EZ-test (Shimadzu) at a cross-head speed of 1 mm/min. Data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA and Tukey's post hoc test. Results: There were no significant differences in the mu TBS between One-Step Plus and One-Step adhesives when they were used with the total-etch and self-etch techniques (p > 0.05). However with the total-etch technique both adhesives yielded significantly higher bond strength values than the self-etch technique (p < 0.001). Conclusion: The fitted adhesive One-Step Plus did not show any beneficial effect than the unfilled adhesive One-Step on the mu TBS to dentin with total-etch and self-etch techniques. Irrespective from the adhesive type, self-etch technique revealed lower bond strengths than the total-etch technique. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.