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Öğe Effect of clinoptilolite on performance of Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) during experimental aflatoxicosis(TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD, 1999) Parlat, SS; Yildiz, AO; Oguz, H1. Clinoptilolite (CLI, a natural zeolite), incorporated into the diet at 50 g/kg, was evaluated for its ability to reduce the deleterious effects of 2.0 mg total aflatoxin (AF;83.06% AFB(1), 12.98% AFB(2), 2.84% AFG(1) and 1.12% AFG(2))/kg diet on growing Japanese quail chicks from 10 to 45 d of age. A total of 40 Japanese quail chicks were divided into 4 treatment groups (control, AF, CLI, AF plus CLI) each consisting of 10 chicks. The performance of the birds was evaluated. 2. The AF treatment significantly decreased food consumption and body weight gain from the 3rd week onwards. The adverse effect of AF on food conversion ratio was also significant from week 4 of the experiment. 3. The addition of CLI to an AF-containing diet significantly reduced the deleterious effects of AF on food consumption, body weight gain and food conversion ratio. Food consumption was reduced by 14% in quail chicks consuming the AF diet without CLI, but by only 6% for quail chicks consuming the AF plus CLI diet. Similarly, overall body weight gain was reduced by 27% in birds consuming the AF diet without CLI, but by only 8% for birds consuming the AF plus CLI diet. 4. The addition of CLI to the AF-free diet significantly decreased food consumption and body weight gain during week 4, but these parameters were similar to the controls in week 5. No mortality was observed in any of the groups. 5. These results suggest that CLI effectively diminished the detrimental effects of AF on the variables investigated in this study.Öğe Effect of dietary esterified glucomannan on performance, serum biochemistry and haematology in broilers exposed to aflatoxin(CZECH ACADEMY AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES, 2005) Basmacioglu, H; Oguz, H; Ergul, M; Col, R; Birdane, YOThe amelioration of aflatoxicosis in broiler chickens was examined by feeding two concentrations of yeast component (esterified glucomannan; EG). EG, incorporated into the diet at 0.5 and 1 g/kg, was evaluated for its ability to reduce the detrimental effects of 2 mg total aflatoxin (AF; 82.72% AFB(1), 5.50% AFB(2), 10.20% AFG(1) and 1.58% AFG(2)) in diet on growing broiler chicks from 1 to 21 d of age. A total of 240 male broiler chicks (Ross-308) were divided into 6 treatment groups [control, AF, EG (0.5 g/kg), AF plus EG (0.5 g/kg), EG (1 g/kg), and AF plus EG (1 g/kg)]. Compared to the control, AF treatment significantly decreased body weight gain from week 2 onwards. AF treatment also caused significant decreases in serum total protein, albumin, total cholesterol, triglyceride, glucose, inorganic phosphorus, creatinine levels and alanine-aminotransferase (ALAT) activity but increased the aspartate-aminotransferase (ASAT) activity. Red blood cell, haematocrit, haemoglobin, thrombocyte, and lymphocyte counts and tibial crude ash levels were significantly reduced by AF treatment, while significant increases were seen in heterophil counts. The addition of EG (I g/kg) to an AF-containing diet significantly improved the adverse effects of AF on haematological parameters, total protein, albumin values and ASAT activity. EG (I g/kg) also partially improved body weight gains (59%) and the other biochemical parameters influenced by AF treatment. The addition of EG (both 0.5 and 1 g/kg) to the AF-free diet did not cause any considerable changes in the investigated values. These results clearly indicated that EG (I g/kg) addition effectively diminished the adverse effects of AF on the investigated values. Also, the higher dietary concentration of EG (I g/kg) was found more effective than the lower concentration (0.5 g/kg) against the adverse effects of AF on the variables investigated in this study.Öğe Effects of dietary mannanoligosaccharide on performance of Japanese quail affected by aflatoxicosis(SOUTH AFRICAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES, 2004) Oguz, H; Parlat, SSThe potential of the yeast component, mannanoligosaccharide (MOS) to ameliorate the effects of aflatoxicosis was examined in growing Japanese quail. The product was incorporated in the diet at 1 g/kg and was evaluated for its ability to reduce the deleterious effects of 2 mg total aflatoxin (AF; 82.30% AFB(1), 2.06% AFB(2), 7.68% AFG(1) and 7.96% AFG(2))/kg diet on Japanese quail chicks from 10 to 45 days of age. Forty 10-d old Japanese quail chicks were assigned in a 2x2 factorial arrangement of treatments to four groups (Control, AF, MOS, AF plus MOS), each consisting of 10 quails. The addition of AF alone significantly decreased feed consumption and body weight gain from the first week onwards. A significant adverse effect of AF on the feed conversion ratio was also observed from week 4 onwards. The addition of MOS to the AF-containing diet significantly reduced these adverse effects of AF on feed consumption, body weight gain and feed conversion ratio. The cumulative body weight gain was 22.0% lower in the quails consuming a diet containing AF without MOS as compared to the control group. However, it was only 2.3% lower that the control in the birds fed the diet containing the AF plus MOS.Öğe Evaluation of pathological changes in broilers during chronic aflatoxin (50 and 100 ppb) and clinoptilolite exposure(ELSEVIER SCI LTD, 2005) Ortatatli, M; Oguz, H; Hatipoglu, F; Karaman, MThis study was conducted to evaluate the pathological changes in broilers fed a diet containing low-levels of aflatoxin (AF) and clinoptilolite (CLI) until 42 days of age. A total of 576 one-day-old Ross-308 type broiler chicks were treated with varying levels of AF and CLI (15 g kg(-1)). The gross and histopathological changes in the liver, kidneys, spleen, thymus and bursa of Fabricius were investigated and relative organ weights were calculated. Compared to controls, significant changes (P < 0.05), such as slight to moderate hydropic degeneration and/or fatty change (8 cases of 10), bile-duct hyperplasia (7 of 10) and periportal fibrosis (5 of 10), were found in chicks fed 100 ppb AF-containing diet. No gross-pathological changes were observed in any treatments. The addition of CLI to the 100 ppb AF-containing diet significantly decreased the number of affected broilers and/or the severity of lesions (hydropic degeneration and bile-duct hyperplasia) in the livers (P < 0.05). The addition of CLI to the AF-free diet did not produce any significant lesions compared with the controls. (C) 2004 Published by Elsevier Ltd.Öğe Evaluation of the detoxifying effect of yeast glucomannan on aflatoxicosis in broilers as assessed by gross examination and histopathology(TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD, 2005) Karaman, M; Basmacioglu, H; Ortatatli, M; Oguz, H1. We evaluated the efficacy of yeast glucomannan ( Mycosorb(R)), incorporated into the diet at 0.5 and 1 g/ kg, in reducing the detrimental effects of 2mg aflatoxin/ kg diet on growing broiler chicks from 1 to 21 d of age. 2. A total of 240 male broiler chicks ( Ross- 308) was divided into 6 treatment groups [ Control, Aflatoxin ( AF), Yeast glucomannan ( YG; 0.5 g/ kg), AF plus YG ( 0.5 g/ kg), YG ( 1 g/ kg), and AF plus YG ( 1 g/ kg)]. 3. Ten chicks from each of the 6 groups were slaughtered and pathological examinations were performed on the liver, bursa of Fabricius, thymus, spleen and kidney. 4. The aflatoxin treatment caused moderate to severe hydropic/ fatty degeneration in the hepatocytes of the liver and the tubular epithelium of the kidneys, and follicular depletion in the bursa of Fabricius, thymus and spleen. 5. Yeast glucomannan added to the aflatoxin- containing diet at 0.5 and 1 g/ kg diminished the severity of pathological changes, slightly and moderately, respectively. The number of affected organs was also reduced in the group given 1 g/ kg yeast glucomannan, compared to the aflatoxin group. 6. These results show that yeast glucomannan effectively diminished the adverse effects of aflatoxin on the pathological changes and that the higher concentration of yeast glucomannan ( 1 g/ kg) was more effective than the lower concentration ( 0.5 g/ kg) and itself had no adverse effect.
