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    Antimicrobial susceptibility and coagulase gene typing of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from bovine clinical mastitis cases in Turkey
    (AMER DAIRY SCIENCE ASSOC, 2005) Guler, L; Ok, U; Gunduz, K; Gulcu, Y; Hadimli, HH
    The objectives of this study were to determine antimicrobial resistance patterns of Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from bovine clinical mastitis cases and to subtype the strains by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique based on coagulase gene polymorphism. Two hundred sixty-five S. aureus isolates collected from individual animals in different herds (n = 235) from 1995 to 2004 were tested for susceptibility to penicillin, ampicillin, amoxicillin-clavulanate, oxacillin, oxytetracycline, enrofloxacin, kanamycin-cephalexin, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole using the agar disc diffusion test. Strains were also tested for beta-lactamase production. A total of 29.8% of the strains were susceptible to all antimicrobial agents tested. The highest resistance was observed in 63.3% of the strains against beta-lactam antibiotics, penicillin and ampicillin. Oxytetracycline resistance was observed in 27.9% of the strains, either alone or in combination with beta-lactams. No resistance was detected for amoxicillin-clavulanate, oxacillin, enrofloxacin and kanamycin-cephalexin. beta-Lactamase production and resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics were usually correlated. Resistance against beta-lactams increased from 43.5% in 1995 to 58 to 77% from 1999 to 2004. One hundred twenty-five strains were examined for coagulase gene polymorphism. The isolates were subtyped into 4 types by coagulase gene-based PCR. A predominant 1000-bp PCR product was observed in 60.8% of the isolates typed. The results indicate that a few coagulase gene types of S. aureus are responsible for the majority of bovine clinical mastitis cases in one province of Central Anatolia region, Turkey.
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    Comparison of immunogenicities of 3 different inactivated Newcastle vaccines (Manisa, Solvay ve Intervet) using in Turkey
    (SCIENTIFIC TECHNICAL RESEARCH COUNCIL TURKEY, 1999) Erganis, O; Ok, U; Coskun, B; Inal, F; Tifik, AM
    A total of 1134 laying hens (Hysex-Brown hibrid), 3 different groups bearing 378 laying hens at each group was used, in this study done to compare immunological effects of 3 different (Solvay, Intervet and Manisa) inactivated Newcastle vaccines with mineral oil adjuvant. Same vaccination program and rations were applied to chickens during the study. Inactivated Newcastle vaccines were used according to the prospectuse by subcutaneously at 17 th weeks before laying period. Blood samples were taken from 24 hens per group, by intracardiac punction, at 3 th weeks, 5 th weeks, 9 th weeks, 13 th weeks, 17 th weeks, 22 nd weeks, 27 th weeks, 32 nd weeks, 37 th weeks, 45 th weeks and 52 nd weeks after vaccination. All sera were tested by micro hemaglutinasyon-inhibition (mHI) test Antibody titers were recorded as log2 and statical analysis was calculated by varians analysis. No significant differences were found in antibody titers among the vaccines for first nine months period (until 32 nd weeks). In the last measurements (at 37 th and 45 th weeks), higher antibody titers were obtained in Manisa group. This vaccine (Manisa) found at international quality must to combine with other vaccines (such as IB, Gumboro, EDS 76, E. coli, Salmonella, ext.,) for widespread using at poultry flocks in Turkey.