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    Design and Actuator Selection of a Lower Extremity Exoskeleton
    (IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC, 2014) Onen, Umit; Botsali, Fatih M.; Kalyoncu, Mete; Tinkir, Mustafa; Yilmaz, Nihat; Sahin, Yusuf
    Lower extremity exoskeletons are wearable robots that integrate human intelligence with the strength of legged robots. Recently, lower extremity exoskeletons have been specifically developed for transportation of disabled individuals. This paper summarizes the anthropomorphic design of a lower extremity exoskeleton named "walking supporting exoskeleton (WSE)." WSE has been developed to support some fundamental motions (walking, sitting, standing, etc.) of disabled individuals who lost leg muscular activities completely or partially. WSE has two degrees of freedom per leg which are powered by electrical actuators. This paper discusses critical design criteria considered in mechanical design and actuator selection of WSE.
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    Force Feedback Control of Lower Extremity Exoskeleton Assisting of Load Carrying Human
    (TRANS TECH PUBLICATIONS LTD, 2014) Sahin, Yusuf; Botsali, Fatih Mehmet; Kalyoncu, Mete; Tinkir, Mustafa; Onen, Umit; Yilmaz, Nihat; Baykan, Omer Kaan
    Lower extremity exoskeletons are wearable robot manipulators that integrate human intelligence with the strength of legged robots. Recently, lower extremity exoskeletons have been specifically developed for rehabilitation, military, industrial applications and rescuing, heavy-weight lifting and civil defense applications. This paper presents controller design of a lower-extremity exoskeleton for a load carrying human to provide force feedback control against to external load carried by user during walking, sitting, and standing motions. Proposed exoskeleton system has two legs which are powered and controlled by two servo-hydraulic actuators. Proportional and Integral (PI) controller is designed for force control of system. Six flexible force sensors are placed in exoskeleton shoe and two load cells are mounted between the end of the piston rod and lower leg joint. Force feedback control is realized by comparing ground reaction force and applied force of hydraulic cylinder. This paper discusses control simulations and experimental tests of lower extremity exoskeleton system.
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    Gait generation of a two-legged robot by using adaptive network based fuzzy logic control
    (IEEE, 2008) Onen, Umit; Kalyoncu, Mete; Tinkir, Mustafa; Botsali, Fatih M.
    In this paper, a control strategy is proposed for gait generation for a two-legged humanoid robot. The two-legged robot is assumed as a 3-dimensional robot with 5-links. Gait generation is performed by assuming motions in the saggital and lateral planes. Dynamic model of the robot is obtained by using MATLAB (R)/SimMechanics Toolbox. A fuzzy logic controller (FLC) is established for gait generation. The rule-base of the controller is optimized offline by using artificial neural network (NN). The neural networks are trained by using the reference joint trajectories obtained from clinical gait analysis (CGA) [13].
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    Mechanical Design of Lower Extremity Exoskeleton Assisting Walking of Load Carrying Human
    (TRANS TECH PUBLICATIONS LTD, 2014) Sahin, Yusuf; Botsali, Fatih Mehmet; Kalyoncu, Mete; Tinkir, Mustafa; Onen, Umit; Yilmaz, Nihat; Cakan, Abdullah
    Exoskeletons are used in rehabilitation, military, industrial applications and rescuing, heavy-weight lifting and civil defense applications as well. This paper presents to design of a lower-extremity exoskeleton assisting walking of a load carrying human. Proposed exoskeleton system is designed to be appropriate mechanism with human lower extremity and it operates synchronously with the human realizes. The aim of exoskeleton actuator system is to provide forces against to external load carried by user during walking, sitting, and standing motions. Thus, it supports human walking and significant portion of external load carrying by the user. Also it makes possible to user spend less energy, less stress and fatigue. Proposed work involves the following design steps: kinematic synthesis of the exoskeleton, mechanical and electro-hydraulic system design.