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    Banded karyotypes of the Persian squirrel Sciurus anomalus from Turkey
    (FIRENZE UNIV PRESS, 2008) Arslan, Atilla; Albayrak, İrfan; Oshida, Tatsuo
    Karyotypes of seven males and three females of the Persian squirrel, Sciurus anomalus, were analyzed with G- and C-banding techniques and Ag-NOR (nucleolus organizer region) staining. All specimens had the diploid number (2n) of 40 and fundamental autosomal arm number (FN) of 76. The autosomal complement comprised 6 pairs of metacentrics and 13 pairs of submetacentrics. The X chromosome was a medium-sized metacentric. The Y chromosome was a small submetacentric. In the C-banded karyotype, except for centromeric heterochromatin, heterochromatin blocks were absent. Only the terminal region of one medium-sized metacentric pair had detectable Ag-NORs. The uniqueness of the chromosomal characteristics of S. anomalus suggests that S. anomalus is distantly related to the other Old World Sciurus species (S. lis and S. vulgaris).
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    Phylogenetic relationships among the Old World Sciurus squirrels
    (INST VERTEBRATE BIOLOGY AS CR, 2009) Oshida, Tatsuo; Arslan, Atilla; Noda, Maiko
    Phylogenetic relationships of Sciurus were examined based on the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene sequences of three Old World and four New World species. The purpose was to test for monophyly in Old World Scha-as (S. anomalus. S. lis. and S. vulgaris). Phylogenetic trees well supported clustering of (1) S. anomalus, (2) S. lis and S. vulgaris, and (3) the four New World Sciurus species. Sciurus anomalus was more closely related to the clade consisting of New World Sciurus species than the one consisting of S. lis and S. vulgaris. indicating a polyphyletic relationship in Old World Sciurus. The primary divergence of Sciurus may have taken place early on the Eurasian Continent. Then, the ancestral stock of modern New World Sciurus would have migrated from the Eurasian Continent to the North American Continent.